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IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-21 (2015) 760–765
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10.1016/j.ifacol.2015.09.618
Yuan Tao et al. / IFAC-PapersOnLine 48-21 (2015) 760–765
©
2015, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Reliable H
∞
control for an uncertain
nonlinear discrete-time system with
multiple intermittent sensor faults
Yuan Tao
∗
Youqing Wang
∗
∗
College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of
Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail:
kewangyq@gmail.com).
Abstract: This paper focuses on the passive fault-tolerant control pr obl em for a class of
uncertain nonlinear discrete-time systems subject to multiple intermittent faults. The multiple
intermittent faults considered occur on the actual measurement signals in the form of additive
faults. To achieve the aim of fault-tolerant control, a dynamic output-feedback controller is
designed such that, in the simu l t aneou s presence of parameter uncertainty, a given type of
nonlinearity, and multiple additive intermittent sensor faults, the closed-loop system remains
stable and guarantees acceptable performance. The linear matrix inequality technique is used to
obtain sufficient conditions to derive the controller and ensure that the prescribed H
∞
index is
satisfied. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated though a numerical
simulation example.
Keywords: fault-tolerant control (FTC); intermittent fault; sensor fault; robust H
∞
performance.
1. INTRODUCTION
Fault-tolerant control (FTC) system is a specific type of
closed-loop control system which is capable of maintaining
desired system performance including overall system sta-
bility and other acceptable performance in the event of fail-
ures, such as components malfunction on sensors and/or
actuators. To avoid serious economic loss and damages to
human and machines caused by faults, FTC is important
and necessary for some systems, especially for safe-critical
systems, e.g. chemical plants, aircrafts, spacecraft, nuclear
power plants and so on. Over the past three decades, the
engineering significance of FTC has been well recognized,
and a number of practical systems have adopted the fault-
tolerant st r at egy, which creates ample scope for research
interests regarding FTC in the system control community
(Blanke et al. (2006), Zhang and Jiang (2008), Mahmoud
et al. (2003), Yang et al. (2010) and reference therein).
Usually, FTC research can be divided into two categories:
active fault-tolerant control (AFTC) ( Dong et al. (2012),
Kargar et al. (2014), Witczak et al. (2013), Yao et al.
(2012), Hu and Xiao (2013)) and passive fault-tolerant
control (PFTC) (Wang et al. (2006), Wang et al. (2007),
Tian et al. (2010), Gao et al. (2011), Liu et al. ( 2011) ,
Tabatabaeipour et al. (2012)).
Faults appear within a system in various forms. Different
fault types require different FTC design methods. Usually,
the investigated fault in most references refers to the per-
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation
of China under Grant 61374099, the Program for New Century
Excellent Talents in University under Grant NCET-13-0652, and
Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project under Grant
YETP0505.
manent fault (PF). It means that once the fault occurs,
it will always exist in the system and may even worsen.
However, a considerable number of faults in engineering
systems are not permanent, and certain types of these are
referred to as intermittent faults (IFs). IFs widely exist in
practical systems, including electronic equipment, space-
craft, mechanical devices, and communication systems,
and they pose a threat to the security and reliability of a
system. The intermittent nature of the fault is reflected in
the fact th at it can recover without any corrective action.
Therefore, as compared wi t h a PF, the occurrence of an IF
exhibits some special properties such as randomness, inter-
mittence, and repeatability (Zhou et al. (2014), Correcher
et al. (2012)).
Because there exist these special properties, the traditional
metho ds, such as fault diagnosis techniques and fault-
tolerant schemes, cannot be directly applied to deal with
IFs. From the viewpoint of FTC, the first hindrance is
the lack of effective mathematical descriptions. To solve
the problem in the framework of FTC, a PF is usually
describ ed as an analytical model in a deterministic fashion.
However, an IF is difficult to depict using a deterministic
analytical form because the fault model employed must
be capable of switching frequently and randomly between
fault occurrence and disappearance. In fact, the majority
of IFs function randomly, which is why stochastic variables
are employed to describe them (Xu et al. (2014), Gu
et al. (2011), Yang et al. (2012)). To the authors
best
knowledge, few studies on the FTC of multiple IFs have
been reported.
Motivated by the aforementioned discussion, this pap er
investigates the PFTC problem for a class of uncertain
9th IFAC Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision and
Safety of Technical Processes
September 2-4, 2015. Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris, France
Copyright © 2015 IFAC 760
Reliable H
∞
control for an uncertain
nonlinear discrete-time system with
multiple intermittent sensor faults
Yuan Tao
∗
Youqing Wang
∗
∗
College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of
Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail:
kewangyq@gmail.com).
Abstract: This paper focuses on the passive fault-tolerant control problem for a class of
uncertain nonlinear discrete-time systems subject to multiple intermittent faults. The multiple
intermittent faults considered occur on the actual measurement signals in the form of additive
faults. To achieve the aim of fault-tolerant control, a dynamic output-feedback controller is
designed such that, in the simu l t aneou s presence of parameter uncertainty, a given type of
nonlinearity, and multiple additive intermittent sensor faults, the closed-loop system remains
stable and guarantees acceptable performance. The linear matrix inequality technique is used to
obtain sufficient conditions to derive the controller and ensure that the prescribed H
∞
index is
satisfied. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated though a numerical
simulation example.
Keywords: fault-tolerant control (FTC); intermittent fault; sensor fault; robust H
∞
performance.
1. INTRODUCTION
Fault-tolerant control (FTC) system is a specific type of
closed-loop control system which is capable of maintaining
desired system performance including overall system sta-
bility and other acceptable performance in the event of fail-
ures, such as components malfunction on sensors and/or
actuators. To avoid serious economic loss and damages to
human and machines caused by faults, FTC is important
and necessary for some systems, especially for safe-critical
systems, e.g. chemical plants, aircrafts, spacecraft, nuclear
power plants and so on. Over the past three decades, the
engineering significance of FTC has been well recognized,
and a number of practical systems have adopted the fault-
tolerant st r at egy, which creates ample scope for research
interests regarding FTC in the system control community
(Blanke et al. (2006), Zhang and Jiang (2008), Mahmoud
et al. (2003), Yang et al. (2010) and reference therein).
Usually, FTC research can be divided into two categories:
active fault-tolerant control (AFTC) ( Dong et al. (2012),
Kargar et al. (2014), Witczak et al. (2013), Yao et al.
(2012), Hu and Xiao (2013)) and passive fault-tolerant
control (PFTC) (Wang et al. (2006), Wang et al. (2007),
Tian et al. (2010), Gao et al. (2011), Liu et al. ( 2011) ,
Tabatabaeipour et al. (2012)).
Faults appear within a system in various forms. Different
fault types require different FTC design methods. Usually,
the investigated fault in most references refers to the per-
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation
of China under Grant 61374099, the Program for New Century
Excellent Talents in University under Grant NCET-13-0652, and
Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project under Grant
YETP0505.
manent fault (PF). It means that once the fault occurs,
it will always exist in the system and may even worsen.
However, a considerable number of faults in engineering
systems are not permanent, and certain types of these are
referred to as intermittent faults (IFs). IFs widely exist in
practical systems, including electronic equipment, space-
craft, mechanical devices, and communication systems,
and they pose a threat to the security and reliability of a
system. The intermittent nature of the fault is reflected in
the fact th at it can recover without any corrective action.
Therefore, as compared wi t h a PF, the occurrence of an IF
exhibits some special properties such as randomness, inter-
mittence, and repeatability (Zhou et al. (2014), Correcher
et al. (2012)).
Because there exist these special properties, the traditional
metho ds, such as fault diagnosis techniques and fault-
tolerant schemes, cannot be directly applied to deal with
IFs. From the viewpoint of FTC, the first hindrance is
the lack of effective mathematical descriptions. To solve
the problem in the framework of FTC, a PF is usually
describ ed as an analytical model in a deterministic fashion.
However, an IF is difficult to depict using a deterministic
analytical form because the fault model employed must
be capable of switching frequently and randomly between
fault occurrence and disappearance. In fact, the majority
of IFs function randomly, which is why stochastic variables
are employed to describe them (Xu et al. (2014), Gu
et al. (2011), Yang et al. (2012)). To the authors
best
knowledge, few studies on the FTC of multiple IFs have
been reported.
Motivated by the aforementioned discussion, this pap er
investigates the PFTC problem for a class of uncertain
9th IFAC Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision and
Safety of Technical Processes
September 2-4, 2015. Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris, France
Copyright © 2015 IFAC 760
Reliable H
∞
control for an uncertain
nonlinear discrete-time system with
multiple intermittent sensor faults
Yuan Tao
∗
Youqing Wang
∗
∗
College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of
Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail:
kewangyq@gmail.com).
Abstract: This paper focuses on the passive fault-tolerant control problem for a class of
uncertain nonlinear discrete-time systems subject to multiple intermittent faults. The multiple
intermittent faults considered occur on the actual measurement signals in the form of additive
faults. To achieve the aim of fault-tolerant control, a dynamic output-feedback controller is
designed such that, in the simu l t aneou s presence of parameter uncertainty, a given type of
nonlinearity, and multiple additive intermittent sensor faults, the closed-loop system remains
stable and guarantees acceptable performance. The linear matrix inequality technique is used to
obtain sufficient conditions to derive the controller and ensure that the prescribed H
∞
index is
satisfied. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated though a numerical
simulation example.
Keywords: fault-tolerant control (FTC); intermittent fault; sensor fault; robust H
∞
performance.
1. INTRODUCTION
Fault-tolerant control (FTC) system is a specific type of
closed-loop control system which is capable of maintaining
desired system performance including overall system sta-
bility and other acceptable performance in the event of fail-
ures, such as components malfunction on sensors and/or
actuators. To avoid serious economic loss and damages to
human and machines caused by faults, FTC is important
and necessary for some systems, especially for safe-critical
systems, e.g. chemical plants, aircrafts, spacecraft, nuclear
power plants and so on. Over the past three decades, the
engineering significance of FTC has been well recognized,
and a number of practical systems have adopted the fault-
tolerant st r at egy, which creates ample scope for research
interests regarding FTC in the system control community
(Blanke et al. (2006), Zhang and Jiang (2008), Mahmoud
et al. (2003), Yang et al. (2010) and reference therein).
Usually, FTC research can be divided into two categories:
active fault-tolerant control (AFTC) ( Dong et al. (2012),
Kargar et al. (2014), Witczak et al. (2013), Yao et al.
(2012), Hu and Xiao (2013)) and passive fault-tolerant
control (PFTC) (Wang et al. (2006), Wang et al. (2007),
Tian et al. (2010), Gao et al. (2011), Liu et al. ( 2011) ,
Tabatabaeipour et al. (2012)).
Faults appear within a system in various forms. Different
fault types require different FTC design methods. Usually,
the investigated fault in most references refers to the per-
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation
of China under Grant 61374099, the Program for New Century
Excellent Talents in University under Grant NCET-13-0652, and
Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project under Grant
YETP0505.
manent fault (PF). It means that once the fault occurs,
it will always exist in the system and may even worsen.
However, a considerable number of faults in engineering
systems are not permanent, and certain types of these are
referred to as intermittent faults (IFs). IFs widely exist in
practical systems, including electronic equipment, space-
craft, mechanical devices, and communication systems,
and they pose a threat to the security and reliability of a
system. The intermittent nature of the fault is reflected in
the fact th at it can recover without any corrective action.
Therefore, as compared wi t h a PF, the occurrence of an IF
exhibits some special properties such as randomness, inter-
mittence, and repeatability (Zhou et al. (2014), Correcher
et al. (2012)).
Because there exist these special properties, the traditional
metho ds, such as fault diagnosis techniques and fault-
tolerant schemes, cannot be directly applied to deal with
IFs. From the viewpoint of FTC, the first hindrance is
the lack of effective mathematical descriptions. To solve
the problem in the framework of FTC, a PF is usually
describ ed as an analytical model in a deterministic fashion.
However, an IF is difficult to depict using a deterministic
analytical form because the fault model employed must
be capable of switching frequently and randomly between
fault occurrence and disappearance. In fact, the majority
of IFs function randomly, which is why stochastic variables
are employed to describe them (Xu et al. (2014), Gu
et al. (2011), Yang et al. (2012)). To the authors
best
knowledge, few studies on the FTC of multiple IFs have
been reported.
Motivated by the aforementioned discussion, this pap er
investigates the PFTC problem for a class of uncertain
9th IFAC Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision and
Safety of Technical Processes
September 2-4, 2015. Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris, France
Copyright © 2015 IFAC 760
Reliable H
∞
control for an uncertain
nonlinear discrete-time system with
multiple intermittent sensor faults
Yuan Tao
∗
Youqing Wang
∗
∗
College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of
Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China (e-mail:
kewangyq@gmail.com).
Abstract: This paper focuses on the passive fault-tolerant control problem for a class of
uncertain nonlinear discrete-time systems subject to multiple intermittent faults. The multiple
intermittent faults considered occur on the actual measurement signals in the form of additive
faults. To achieve the aim of fault-tolerant control, a dynamic output-feedback controller is
designed such that, in the simu l t aneou s presence of parameter uncertainty, a given type of
nonlinearity, and multiple additive intermittent sensor faults, the closed-loop system remains
stable and guarantees acceptable performance. The linear matrix inequality technique is used to
obtain sufficient conditions to derive the controller and ensure that the prescribed H
∞
index is
satisfied. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated though a numerical
simulation example.
Keywords: fault-tolerant control (FTC); intermittent fault; sensor fault; robust H
∞
performance.
1. INTRODUCTION
Fault-tolerant control (FTC) system is a specific type of
closed-loop control system which is capable of maintaining
desired system performance including overall system sta-
bility and other acceptable performance in the event of fail-
ures, such as components malfunction on sensors and/or
actuators. To avoid serious economic loss and damages to
human and machines caused by faults, FTC is important
and necessary for some systems, especially for safe-critical
systems, e.g. chemical plants, aircrafts, spacecraft, nuclear
power plants and so on. Over the past three decades, the
engineering significance of FTC has been well recognized,
and a number of practical systems have adopted the fault-
tolerant st r at egy, which creates ample scope for research
interests regarding FTC in the system control community
(Blanke et al. (2006), Zhang and Jiang (2008), Mahmoud
et al. (2003), Yang et al. (2010) and reference therein).
Usually, FTC research can be divided into two categories:
active fault-tolerant control (AFTC) ( Dong et al. (2012),
Kargar et al. (2014), Witczak et al. (2013), Yao et al.
(2012), Hu and Xiao (2013)) and passive fault-tolerant
control (PFTC) (Wang et al. (2006), Wang et al. (2007),
Tian et al. (2010), Gao et al. (2011), Liu et al. ( 2011) ,
Tabatabaeipour et al. (2012)).
Faults appear within a system in various forms. Different
fault types require different FTC design methods. Usually,
the investigated fault in most references refers to the per-
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation
of China under Grant 61374099, the Program for New Century
Excellent Talents in University under Grant NCET-13-0652, and
Beijing Higher Education Young Elite Teacher Project under Grant
YETP0505.
manent fault (PF). It means that once the fault occurs,
it will always exist in the system and may even worsen.
However, a considerable number of faults in engineering
systems are not permanent, and certain types of these are
referred to as intermittent faults (IFs). IFs widely exist in
practical systems, including electronic equipment, space-
craft, mechanical devices, and communication systems,
and they pose a threat to the security and reliability of a
system. The intermittent nature of the fault is reflected in
the fact th at it can recover without any corrective action.
Therefore, as compared wi t h a PF, the occurrence of an IF
exhibits some special properties such as randomness, inter-
mittence, and repeatability (Zhou et al. (2014), Correcher
et al. (2012)).
Because there exist these special properties, the traditional
metho ds, such as fault diagnosis techniques and fault-
tolerant schemes, cannot be directly applied to deal with
IFs. From the viewpoint of FTC, the first hindrance is
the lack of effective mathematical descriptions. To solve
the problem in the framework of FTC, a PF is usually
describ ed as an analytical model in a deterministic fashion.
However, an IF is difficult to depict using a deterministic
analytical form because the fault model employed must
be capable of switching frequently and randomly between
fault occurrence and disappearance. In fact, the majority
of IFs function randomly, which is why stochastic variables
are employed to describe them (Xu et al. (2014), Gu
et al. (2011), Yang et al. (2012)). To the authors
best
knowledge, few studies on the FTC of multiple IFs have
been reported.
Motivated by the aforementioned discussion, this pap er
investigates the PFTC problem for a class of uncertain
9th IFAC Symposium on Fault Detection, Supervision and
Safety of Technical Processes
September 2-4, 2015. Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Paris, France
Copyright © 2015 IFAC 760