ABB SPAF140频率继电器用户手册与技术说明

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"这是一份关于ABB SPAF140装置的英文说明书，涵盖了该继电保护设备的使用、设置及技术细节。文档包含了设备的工作原理、接线方式、输入输出规格、操作指示、电源与I/O模块、技术参数、应用示例、测试方法、维护保养、备件信息以及尺寸图纸和安装指导。" 详细说明： ABB SPAF140是一种频率继电器，用于电力系统的保护和控制。该设备的主要功能是监测电力系统中的频率变化，以便在异常情况下采取相应的保护动作。说明书中的"SPCF1D15"可能是指该装置的一个特定配置或功能代码，如故障记录和重置。 "TRIP"和"RESET"分别代表跳闸和复位操作，这是继电保护设备常见的两个功能。"STEP"可能指的是设置的步骤或者阶段，比如不同的保护阶段。"0024C"可能是设备的特定设定值或程序标识。 "PROGRAM IRF f U f< > < > dfdt SGR SGB SGF [] n f U/ < Hz n U [] f Hz ∆ [] r t s [] dfdt / / Hzs [] 1 f Hz [] 4 f Hz [] 3 f Hz [] 2 f Hz [] 1 t s, 1 t, [] 2 t s, 2 t, [] 3 t s, 3 t, [] 4 t s, 4 t," 这部分涉及到继电保护的动作逻辑和设定值。"IRF"可能是指频率响应，"f"和"U"可能代表频率和电压，"df/dt"表示频率变化率。"SGR", "SGB", "SGF"可能分别是起始、制动和故障的设定值，而"n"可能是转速，"Hz"是赫兹，单位频率。这些设定值用于定义设备在不同工况下的动作条件。 "U RS452001-Ser.No. SPAF140C aux REGISTERS OPER.IND." 这段描述了设备的辅助寄存器和操作指示，"Ser.No."是序列号，表明每个设备都有其唯一的标识。 "Stage1Start, Stage1Trip, Stage2Start, Stage2Trip, Stage3Start, Stage3Trip, Stage4Start, Stage4Trip" 提到了设备的多个工作阶段，每个阶段可能对应不同的保护策略和动作条件。 "Rec.Due, Rec.Over"可能是指记录到期和记录溢出，这可能与设备的故障记录和存储能力有关。 "max, min, f max, min df/dt" 表示最大和最小的频率以及频率变化率的极限值。 "n U =100V/110V/115V/120V" 这可能是设备的额定工作电压范围。 "Technicaldata(modified2001-04)" 提示这份说明书的技术数据在2001年4月进行了更新。 "Testing, Maintenanceandrepair, Spareparts, Ordernumbers" 这些章节提供了设备的测试方法、维护维修指南、备件列表以及订购信息。 "Dimensiondrawingsandmounting"则包括了设备的尺寸图和安装指南，帮助用户正确地安装和配置设备。 SPAF140说明书详细介绍了该频率继电器的各个方面，从基本操作到复杂设定，为用户提供了一个全面了解和使用该设备的指南。

Four protection stages, two signalling and two

tripping, are used in the example described.

Stage 2 produces an alarm signal, if the fre-

quency exceeds the rated frequency, and stage

3, correspondingly, if the frequency falls below

the rated frequency. The selected alarm limits

allow the generator and the turbine to operate

for a long time with the concerned frequency,

without any risk of being damaged.

Should the frequency decrease or increase to a

dangerous level, the relay provides a trip signal.

The protection also includes a blocking input

which can be used for blocking the relay opera-

tion, for instance, during the start of the gen-

erator.

The start values and operate times of the pro-

tection stages and the timers controlling the in-

dividual circuit breakers are shown in Fig. 5.

The designations used in Fig. 5 refer to Fig. 4.

Stage Operate Delay Timer Relay output Function

value (Hz)

1 53.0 0.30 t

TS1 Tripping

2 51.5 1.00 t

SS1 Overfrequency alarm

3 48.5 1.00 t

TS2 * Underfrequency alarm

4 47.0 0.30 t

TS1 Tripping

*)The trip contact TS2 is used for underfrequency alarm, because only one trip contact is

required for the protection.

Fig. 5. Setting of the protection stages of frequency relay SPAF 140 C used for the protection of a

generator and a turbine.

In the case described in the example the switches of the frequency relay SPAF 140 C can be set as

follows:

Setting of t, relay module SPCF 1D15

Switch- Serial comm. Checksum Operation

group parameter

SGF1 S84 1 Only frequency function

SGF2 S85 1 Only frequency function

SGF3 S86 1 Only frequency function

SGF4 S87 1 Only frequency function

SGF5 S88 255 Outputs continuously operated

SGF6 S89 2 TS1 connected to LED indicator TRIP

SGF7 S90 0 U

= 100 V

SGB1 S91 15 Blocking via external control signal BS1

SGB2 S92 0 External control signal BS2 not in use

SGB3 S93 0 External control signal BS3 not in use

SGB4 S94 0 External control signal BS4 not in use

SGB5 S95 0 External control signal BS5 not in use

SGB6 S96 15 Undervoltage blocking to all stages

SGR1 S97 2 Overfrequency trip signal to trip contact TS1

SGR2 S98 0 Not in use

SGR3 S99 1 Underfrequency alarm signal to signal contact SS1

SGR4 S100 0 Not in use

SGR5 S101 8 Underfrequency alarm signal to trip contact TS2

SGR6 S102 0 Not in use

SGR7 S103 2 Underfrequency trip signal to trip contact TS1

SGR8 S104 0 Not in use

SGR9 S105 0 No recovery function

Testing

The relay should be subjected to regular tests in

accordance with national regulations and in-

structions. The manufacturer recommends an

interval of five years between the tests.

The test should be carried out as a primary test,

which includes the entire protection arrange-

ment, from the instrument transformers to the

circuit breakers.

The test can also be carried out as a secondary

injection test. Then the relay has to be discon-

nected during the test procedure. However, it is

recommended to check the function of the sig-

nal and trip circuits as well.

Note!

Make sure that the secondary circuits of the

current transformers under no condition open

or are open, when the relay is disconnected and

during the test procedure.

The test is recommended to be carried out us-

ing the normal setting values of the relay and

the energizing inputs used. When required, the

test can be extended to include more setting

values.

As the settings of the relay modules affect the

operation of the relay (overfrequency/under-

frequency relay) and thus also the test proce-

dure, these instructions describe the general fea-

tures of the test procedure. The test procedure

presented here applies to the underfrequency re-

lay. A voltage supply unit allowing voltage and

frequency to be regulated is recommended to

be used. In addition, instruments for measur-

ing voltage, frequency and time are required.

During the test procedure the relay records fre-

quencies, rates of change of frequency, voltages

and relay operations. If the recorded data is used

for the collection of information for longer time

periods (for example, AR counters), these re-

gisters should be read before the test procedure

is started. After the test the registers are reset

and, if required, the readings of the AR counters

can be restored.

The relay settings may have to be changed dur-

ing testing. A PC program is recommended to

be used to read the relay settings before the test

is started.

Testing of the

combined frequency

and rate of change of

frequency relay

module SPCF 1D15

General

The protection stages are tested with respect to:

- start value

- trip time

- trip indication, output relay operation

Start value Test the start value by gradually dropping the

frequency, starting from the rated value, until

the relay starts. Record the frequency required

for starting. The value should be within the per-

mitted tolerances.

If the resetting value is to be tested as well, drop

the frequency, until the relay starts, and then in-

crease the frequency again, until the relay resets.

When multi-stage protection relays are tested,

the operation of the higher-set stages may cause

problems to the testing of lower-set stages. Then

it is generally necessary to delay the operation

of the higher-set stages by changing the setting

values, or totally block the operation of the

higher stages by reconfiguring the SGR switches.

In such a case it is recommended to start the

test from the lowest stage and then proceed to

higher-set stages. The advantage of this method

is that the original settings of the stages really

are restored, because otherwise the test cannot

be carried out successfully.

Trip time Apply a voltage of rated frequency to the relay.

Then drop the frequency of the voltage to a value

below the setting value. The frequency of the

supply voltage should be such that the differ-

ence between the trip level and the frequency

of the supply voltage is about twice the differ-

ence between the rated frequency and the trip

level. However, the absolute value of the rate of

change of frequency must not exceed 70 Hz/s,

because the relay perceives such a situation as a

disturbance and delays tripping by two cycles.

The operate time is the time from the moment

the frequency starts changing, until the relay

operates. The accuracy of the operate times

should be within the permitted tolerances.

The resetting time is the time measured from

the moment the current switch is opened, until

the relay resets.

Maintenance

and repairs

When the protection relay is used under the

conditions specified in "Technical data", it re-

quires practically no maintenance. The relay

includes no parts or components that are sensi-

tive to physical or electrical wear under normal

operating conditions.

Should the temperature and humidity at the

operating site differ from the values specified,

or the atmosphere contain chemically active

gases or dust, the relay should be visually in-

spected in association with the secondary test-

ing of the relay. This visual inspection should

focus on:

- Signs of mechanical damage to relay case and

terminals

- Collection of dust inside the relay case; remove

with compressed air

- Signs of corrosion on terminals, case or inside

the relay

If the relay malfunctions or the operating val-

ues differ from those specified, the relay should

be overhauled. Minor measures can be taken

by the customer but any major repair involving

the electronics has to be carried out by the

manufacturer. Please contact the manufacturer

or his nearest representative for further infor-

mation about checking, overhaul and recalibra-

tion of the relay.

The protection relay contains circuits that are

sensitive to electrostatic discharge. If you have

to withdraw a relay module, ensure that you are

at the same potential as the module, for instance,

by touching the case.

Note!

Protection relays are measuring instruments and

should be handled with care and protected

against moisture and mechanical stress, espe-

cially during transport.

Spare parts

Combined frequency and rate of change of frequency relay module SPCF 1D15

Combined power supply and I/O module

- U = 80...265 V ac/dc (operative range) SPTU 240R4

- U = 18...80 V dc (operative range) SPTU 48R4

Case (including connection module) SPTK 1E18

Bus connection module SPA-ZC 17_

SPA-ZC 21_

Order numbers

(modified 98-03)

Frequency relay SPAF 140 C without test adapter: RS 452 001-AA, CA

Frequency relay SPAF 140 C with test adapter RTXP 18: RS 452 201-AA, CA

The letter combinations of the order number indicate the auxiliary voltage U

aux

of the protection

relay. The rated frequency is selected in the software.

AA: U

aux

= 80...265 V ac/dc

CA: U

aux

= 18...80 V dc

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