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ANSYS Fluent UDF手册15.0版:权威指南与认证信息
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"15.0 Fluent UDF Manual - ANSYS Fluent高级用户定义函数指南"
该文档是ANSYS Fluent 15.0版本的帮助文件,由ANSYS, Inc.发布于2013年11月。ANSYS是一家全球知名的工程仿真软件公司,其产品在流体力学、热力学和结构分析等领域有着广泛的应用。Fluent UDF (User-Defined Functions) 是ANSYS Fluent的核心功能之一,它允许用户扩展软件的功能,自定义解决复杂工程问题所需的计算模型。
在这份手册中,主要包含了以下几个关键知识点:
1. 概述:介绍了用户定义函数的概念,即如何通过编写特定的脚本或函数,将用户的专业知识和需求融入到Fluent模拟中,以实现更精确、定制化的模拟解决方案。
2. 安装与配置:详细说明了如何在15.0版本的Fluent中设置和管理UDFs,包括安装过程、环境变量配置以及如何正确引用自定义函数。
3. 语言支持:可能涉及C/C++、Python、Fortran等编程语言的使用,因为不同的UDF语言可以帮助用户根据个人喜好和项目需求选择合适的编程环境。
4. 函数设计:涵盖了UDF的设计原则、接口规范、数据类型处理以及错误处理等内容,确保用户能够编写出稳定且高效的自定义函数。
5. 示例与应用:提供了若干实际案例和代码示例,帮助用户理解如何将UDF应用于流体流动、热传导、多相流等领域的具体问题。
6. 性能优化:讨论了如何优化UDF的执行效率,避免过度计算,以及如何利用Fluent的内置工具进行调试和性能分析。
7. 版权与商标信息:强调了软件使用的许可协议和版权规定,提醒用户未经授权不得复制或分发,同时也列出了相关的商标信息,尊重知识产权。
8. 免责声明:明确指出文档中的内容包含ANSYS的商业秘密和技术专有信息,用户在使用时必须遵守保密条款,并且所有第三方品牌、产品和服务的提及都表明它们是各自所有者的财产。
这份Fluent UDF Manual是Fluent用户深入理解和掌握其高级功能的强大工具,对于希望在特定领域进行深入建模或扩展功能的专业工程师来说,它是不可或缺的学习资料。
5.7. Special Considerations for Parallel ANSYS Fluent ............................................................................ 308
6. Hooking UDFs to ANSYS Fluent .......................................................................................................... 311
6.1. Hooking General Purpose UDFs ..................................................................................................... 311
6.1.1. Hooking DEFINE_ADJUST UDFs ......................................................................................... 311
6.1.2. Hooking DEFINE_DELTAT UDFs ......................................................................................... 313
6.1.3. Hooking DEFINE_EXECUTE_AT_END UDFs ....................................................................... 314
6.1.4. Hooking DEFINE_EXECUTE_AT_EXIT UDFs ..................................................................... 315
6.1.5. Hooking DEFINE_INIT UDFs ............................................................................................. 317
6.1.6. Hooking DEFINE_ON_DEMAND UDFs .................................................................................. 318
6.1.7. Hooking DEFINE_RW_FILE UDFs ...................................................................................... 319
6.1.8. User-Defined Memory Storage ............................................................................................. 320
6.2. Hooking Model-Specific UDFs ....................................................................................................... 321
6.2.1. Hooking DEFINE_ANISOTROPIC_CONDUCTIVITY UDFs ................................................. 322
6.2.2. Hooking DEFINE_CHEM_STEP UDFs .................................................................................. 323
6.2.3. Hooking DEFINE_CPHI UDFs ............................................................................................. 324
6.2.4. Hooking DEFINE_DIFFUSIVITY UDFs .............................................................................. 325
6.2.5. Hooking DEFINE_DOM_DIFFUSE_REFLECTIVITY UDFs ................................................. 327
6.2.6. Hooking DEFINE_DOM_SOURCE UDFs ................................................................................ 328
6.2.7. Hooking DEFINE_DOM_SPECULAR_REFLECTIVITY UDFs ............................................... 329
6.2.8. Hooking DEFINE_ECFM_SPARK_SOURCE UDFs ................................................................ 330
6.2.9. Hooking DEFINE_EMISSIVITY_WEIGHTING_FACTOR UDFs .......................................... 331
6.2.10. Hooking DEFINE_ZONE_MOTION UDFs ............................................................................ 333
6.2.11. Hooking DEFINE_GRAY_BAND_ABS_COEFF UDFs .......................................................... 334
6.2.12. Hooking DEFINE_HEAT_FLUX UDFs ................................................................................ 335
6.2.13. Hooking DEFINE_IGNITE_SOURCE UDFs ....................................................................... 336
6.2.14. Hooking DEFINE_NET_REACTION_RATE UDFs .............................................................. 337
6.2.15. Hooking DEFINE_NOX_RATE UDFs .................................................................................. 339
6.2.16. Hooking DEFINE_PDF_TABLE UDFs ................................................................................ 340
6.2.17. Hooking DEFINE_PR_RATE UDFs .................................................................................... 341
6.2.18. Hooking DEFINE_PRANDTL UDFs .................................................................................... 342
6.2.19. Hooking DEFINE_PROFILE UDFs .................................................................................... 343
6.2.19.1. Hooking Profiles for UDS Equations ............................................................................ 344
6.2.20. Hooking DEFINE_PROPERTY UDFs .................................................................................. 348
6.2.21. Hooking DEFINE_REACTING_CHANNEL_BC UDFs .......................................................... 349
6.2.22. Hooking DEFINE_REACTING_CHANNEL_SOLVER UDFs ................................................. 349
6.2.23. Hooking DEFINE_SCAT_PHASE_FUNC UDFs ................................................................... 350
6.2.24. Hooking DEFINE_SOLAR_INTENSITY UDFs ................................................................... 352
6.2.25. Hooking DEFINE_SOLIDIFICATION_PARAMS UDFs ...................................................... 353
6.2.26. Hooking DEFINE_SOURCE UDFs ....................................................................................... 354
6.2.27. Hooking DEFINE_SOOT_OXIDATION_RATE UDFs .......................................................... 356
6.2.28. Hooking DEFINE_SOOT_PRECURSOR UDFs ..................................................................... 357
6.2.29. Hooking DEFINE_SOX_RATE UDFs .................................................................................. 358
6.2.30. Hooking DEFINE_SPARK_GEOM UDFs .............................................................................. 360
6.2.31. Hooking DEFINE_SPECIFIC_HEAT UDFs ....................................................................... 361
6.2.32. Hooking DEFINE_SR_RATE UDFs .................................................................................... 362
6.2.33. Hooking DEFINE_THICKENED_FLAME_MODEL UDFs ...................................................... 363
6.2.34. Hooking DEFINE_TRANS UDFs ......................................................................................... 364
6.2.35. Hooking DEFINE_TRANSIENT_PROFILE UDFs .............................................................. 365
6.2.36. Hooking DEFINE_TURB_PREMIX_SOURCE UDFs ............................................................ 366
6.2.37. Hooking DEFINE_TURB_SCHMIDT UDFs ......................................................................... 367
6.2.38. Hooking DEFINE_TURBULENT_VISCOSITY UDFs .......................................................... 368
6.2.39. Hooking DEFINE_VR_RATE UDFs .................................................................................... 369
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6.2.40. Hooking DEFINE_WALL_FUNCTIONS UDFs ..................................................................... 370
6.2.41. Hooking DEFINE_WSGGM_ABS_COEFF UDFs ................................................................... 371
6.3. Hooking Multiphase UDFs ............................................................................................................. 373
6.3.1. Hooking DEFINE_BOILING_PROPERTY UDFs ................................................................... 373
6.3.2. Hooking DEFINE_CAVITATION_RATE UDFs ..................................................................... 374
6.3.3. Hooking DEFINE_EXCHANGE_PROPERTY UDFs ................................................................ 376
6.3.4. Hooking DEFINE_HET_RXN_RATE UDFs ........................................................................... 378
6.3.5. Hooking DEFINE_LINEARIZED_MASS_TRANSFER UDFs ................................................. 379
6.3.6. Hooking DEFINE_MASS_TRANSFER UDFs ......................................................................... 380
6.3.7. Hooking DEFINE_VECTOR_EXCHANGE_PROPERTY UDFs ................................................. 381
6.4. Hooking Discrete Phase Model (DPM) UDFs ................................................................................... 383
6.4.1. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_BC UDFs ......................................................................................... 383
6.4.2. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_BODY_FORCE UDFs ....................................................................... 384
6.4.3. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_DRAG UDFs .................................................................................... 385
6.4.4. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_EROSION UDFs .............................................................................. 386
6.4.5. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_HEAT_MASS UDFs ......................................................................... 387
6.4.6. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_INJECTION_INIT UDFs .............................................................. 388
6.4.7. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_LAW UDFs ...................................................................................... 389
6.4.8. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_OUTPUT UDFs ................................................................................ 390
6.4.9. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_PROPERTY UDFs ........................................................................... 391
6.4.10. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SCALAR_UPDATE UDFs .............................................................. 393
6.4.11. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SOURCE UDFs .............................................................................. 394
6.4.12. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SPRAY_COLLIDE UDFs .............................................................. 394
6.4.13. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SWITCH UDFs .............................................................................. 395
6.4.14. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_TIMESTEP UDFs ......................................................................... 396
6.4.15. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_VP_EQUILIB UDFs ..................................................................... 397
6.5. Hooking Dynamic Mesh UDFs ....................................................................................................... 399
6.5.1. Hooking DEFINE_CG_MOTION UDFs .................................................................................. 399
6.5.2. Hooking DEFINE_DYNAMIC_ZONE_PROPERTY UDFs ........................................................ 400
6.5.2.1. Hooking a Swirl Center UDF ......................................................................................... 400
6.5.2.2. Hooking a Variable Cell Layering Height UDF ................................................................ 401
6.5.3. Hooking DEFINE_GEOM UDFs ............................................................................................. 403
6.5.4. Hooking DEFINE_GRID_MOTION UDFs .............................................................................. 404
6.5.5. Hooking DEFINE_SDOF_PROPERTIES UDFs ..................................................................... 405
6.5.6. Hooking DEFINE_CONTACT UDFs ...................................................................................... 406
6.6. Hooking User-Defined Scalar (UDS) Transport Equation UDFs ........................................................ 407
6.6.1. Hooking DEFINE_ANISOTROPIC_DIFFUSIVITY UDFs ................................................... 407
6.6.2. Hooking DEFINE_UDS_FLUX UDFs .................................................................................... 409
6.6.3. Hooking DEFINE_UDS_UNSTEADY UDFs ........................................................................... 410
6.7. Common Errors While Hooking a UDF to ANSYS Fluent .................................................................. 410
7. Parallel Considerations ....................................................................................................................... 413
7.1. Overview of Parallel ANSYS Fluent ................................................................................................. 413
7.1.1. Command Transfer and Communication ............................................................................... 415
7.2. Cells and Faces in a Partitioned Mesh ............................................................................................. 417
7.2.1. Cell Types in a Partitioned Mesh ............................................................................................ 417
7.2.2. Faces at Partition Boundaries ................................................................................................ 418
7.2.3. PRINCIPAL_FACE_P ......................................................................................................... 419
7.2.4. Exterior Thread Storage ........................................................................................................ 419
7.2.5. Extended Neighborhood ...................................................................................................... 420
7.3. Parallelizing Your Serial UDF .......................................................................................................... 421
7.4. Parallelization of Discrete Phase Model (DPM) UDFs ....................................................................... 422
7.5. Macros for Parallel UDFs ................................................................................................................ 423
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7.5.1. Compiler Directives .............................................................................................................. 423
7.5.2. Communicating Between the Host and Node Processes ........................................................ 425
7.5.2.1. Host-to-Node Data Transfer .......................................................................................... 425
7.5.2.2. Node-to-Host Data Transfer .......................................................................................... 425
7.5.3. Predicates ............................................................................................................................ 426
7.5.4. Global Reduction Macros ...................................................................................................... 427
7.5.4.1. Global Summations ..................................................................................................... 428
7.5.4.2. Global Maximums and Minimums ................................................................................ 428
7.5.4.3. Global Logicals ............................................................................................................ 429
7.5.4.4. Global Synchronization ................................................................................................ 430
7.5.5. Looping Macros ................................................................................................................... 430
7.5.5.1. Looping Over Cells ....................................................................................................... 430
7.5.5.2. Interior Cell Looping Macro .......................................................................................... 430
7.5.5.3. Exterior Cell Looping Macro ......................................................................................... 431
7.5.5.4. Interior and Exterior Cell Looping Macro ...................................................................... 432
7.5.5.5. Looping Over Faces ..................................................................................................... 433
7.5.6. Cell and Face Partition ID Macros .......................................................................................... 434
7.5.6.1. Cell Partition IDs .......................................................................................................... 434
7.5.6.2. Face Partition IDs ......................................................................................................... 434
7.5.7. Message Displaying Macros .................................................................................................. 435
7.5.8. Message Passing Macros ...................................................................................................... 435
7.5.9. Macros for Exchanging Data Between Compute Nodes ......................................................... 438
7.6. Limitations of Parallel UDFs ........................................................................................................... 438
7.7. Process Identification .................................................................................................................... 439
7.8. Parallel UDF Example .................................................................................................................... 440
7.9. Reading and Writing Files in Parallel .............................................................................................. 442
7.9.1. Reading Files in Parallel ........................................................................................................ 442
7.9.2.Writing Files in Parallel .......................................................................................................... 443
7.10. Enabling Fluent UDFs to Execute on General Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) ........... 445
8. Examples ............................................................................................................................................. 447
8.1. Step-By-Step UDF Example ........................................................................................................... 447
8.1.1. Process Overview ................................................................................................................. 447
8.1.2. Step 1: Define Your Problem .................................................................................................. 448
8.1.3. Step 2: Create a C Source File ................................................................................................ 450
8.1.4. Step 3: Start ANSYS Fluent and Read (or Set Up) the Case File ................................................ 450
8.1.5. Step 4: Interpret or Compile the Source File ........................................................................... 451
8.1.5.1. Interpret the Source File ............................................................................................... 451
8.1.5.2. Compile the Source File ............................................................................................... 453
8.1.6. Step 5: Hook the UDF to ANSYS Fluent .................................................................................. 456
8.1.7. Step 6: Run the Calculation ................................................................................................... 456
8.1.8. Step 7: Analyze the Numerical Solution and Compare to Expected Results ............................. 457
8.2. Detailed UDF Examples ................................................................................................................. 457
8.2.1. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 457
8.2.1.1. Parabolic Velocity Inlet Profile in an Elbow Duct ............................................................ 458
8.2.1.2.Transient Pressure Outlet Profile for Flow in a Tube ....................................................... 462
8.2.2. Source Terms ........................................................................................................................ 467
8.2.2.1. Adding a Momentum Source to a Duct Flow ................................................................ 467
8.2.3. Physical Properties ............................................................................................................... 472
8.2.3.1. Solidification via a Temperature-Dependent Viscosity ................................................... 472
8.2.4. Reaction Rates ..................................................................................................................... 475
8.2.4.1. Volume Reaction Rate .................................................................................................. 476
8.2.5. User-Defined Scalars ............................................................................................................ 479
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8.2.5.1. Postprocessing Using User-Defined Scalars .................................................................. 479
8.2.5.2. Implementing ANSYS Fluent’s P-1 Radiation Model Using User-Defined Scalars ............. 481
8.2.6. User-Defined Real Gas Models (UDRGM) ............................................................................... 484
8.2.6.1. UDRGM Example: Redlich-Kwong Equation of State ...................................................... 484
8.2.6.2. Specific Volume and Density ........................................................................................ 484
8.2.6.3. Derivatives of Specific Volume and Density .................................................................. 486
8.2.6.4. Specific Heat and Enthalpy ........................................................................................... 486
8.2.6.5. Entropy ....................................................................................................................... 487
8.2.6.6. Speed of Sound ........................................................................................................... 488
8.2.6.7. Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity .............................................................................. 488
8.2.6.8. Using the Redlich-Kwong Real Gas UDRGM .................................................................. 489
8.2.6.9. Redlich-Kwong Real Gas UDRGM Code Listing .............................................................. 490
8.2.6.9.1. UDRGM Example: Multiple-Species Real Gas Model .............................................. 495
8.2.6.9.2. UDRGM Example: Real Gas Model with Volumetric Reactions ............................... 501
A. C Programming Basics ........................................................................................................................... 513
A.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 513
A.2. Commenting Your C Code ............................................................................................................. 513
A.3. C Data Types in ANSYS Fluent ........................................................................................................ 514
A.4. Constants ..................................................................................................................................... 514
A.5.Variables ....................................................................................................................................... 514
A.5.1. Declaring Variables .............................................................................................................. 515
A.5.2. External Variables ................................................................................................................. 515
A.5.2.1. Example ...................................................................................................................... 515
A.5.3. Static Variables ..................................................................................................................... 516
A.5.3.1. Example - Static Global Variable ................................................................................... 516
A.6. User-Defined Data Types ............................................................................................................... 517
A.6.1. Example .............................................................................................................................. 517
A.7. Casting ......................................................................................................................................... 517
A.8. Functions ..................................................................................................................................... 517
A.9. Arrays ........................................................................................................................................... 518
A.9.1. Examples ............................................................................................................................. 518
A.10. Pointers ...................................................................................................................................... 518
A.10.1. Pointers as Function Arguments ......................................................................................... 519
A.11. Control Statements ..................................................................................................................... 519
A.11.1. if Statement ..................................................................................................................... 519
A.11.1.1. Example .................................................................................................................... 519
A.11.2. if-else Statement .......................................................................................................... 519
A.11.2.1. Example .................................................................................................................... 519
A.11.3. for Loops ......................................................................................................................... 520
A.11.3.1. Example .................................................................................................................... 520
A.12. Common C Operators ................................................................................................................. 520
A.12.1. Arithmetic Operators ......................................................................................................... 520
A.12.2. Logical Operators ............................................................................................................... 521
A.13. C Library Functions ..................................................................................................................... 521
A.13.1. Trigonometric Functions .................................................................................................... 521
A.13.2. Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions ............................................................................... 521
A.13.3. Standard I/O Functions ....................................................................................................... 522
A.13.3.1. fopen ...................................................................................................................... 522
A.13.3.2. fclose .................................................................................................................... 523
A.13.3.3. printf .................................................................................................................... 523
A.13.3.4. fprintf .................................................................................................................. 523
A.13.3.5. fscanf .................................................................................................................... 524
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of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
UDF Manual
A.14. Preprocessor Directives ............................................................................................................... 524
A.14.1. Macro Substitution Directive Using #define .................................................................... 524
A.14.2. File Inclusion Directive Using #include ............................................................................ 525
A.15. Comparison with FORTRAN ......................................................................................................... 525
B. DEFINE Macro Definitions .................................................................................................................... 527
B.1. General Solver DEFINE Macros ..................................................................................................... 527
B.2. Model-Specific DEFINE Macro Definitions .................................................................................... 527
B.3. Multiphase DEFINE Macros .......................................................................................................... 529
B.4. Dynamic Mesh Model DEFINE Macros ......................................................................................... 529
B.5. Discrete Phase Model DEFINE Macros .......................................................................................... 530
B.6. User-Defined Scalar (UDS) DEFINE Macros ................................................................................... 530
C. Quick Reference Guide for Multiphase DEFINE Macros .......................................................................... 533
C.1.VOF Model .................................................................................................................................... 533
C.2. Mixture Model .............................................................................................................................. 535
C.3. Eulerian Model - Laminar Flow ...................................................................................................... 537
C.4. Eulerian Model - Mixture Turbulence Flow ..................................................................................... 539
C.5. Eulerian Model - Dispersed Turbulence Flow .................................................................................. 541
C.6. Eulerian Model - Per Phase Turbulence Flow .................................................................................. 544
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................. 547
Index ........................................................................................................................................................ 549
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UDF Manual
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