绿色WDM网络中基于功率效率的动态混合IP优化
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更新于2024-07-14
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本文献主要探讨了"绿色IP在WDM网络上的动态混合修饰"这一主题，针对网络设备规模与复杂性日益增长的问题，尤其是随着各种应用的快速扩展，导致网络设备需要持续提供服务，从而增加了不必要的能耗。为了应对突发的IP流量并实现能源效率，研究者们关注了将IP级请求打包成一个单元处理的策略，这在光层的波分复用（WDM）网络中尤其具有吸引力。这种方法被称为混合修饰（Hybrid Grooming），它能够降低与电子IP路由器相比的组件功耗。
混合修饰技术的核心在于利用WDM网络的优势，将多个IP流量流（即服务需求）合并到一个光通道中进行处理，这有助于减少单独路由每个流量流所需的硬件资源，从而节省电力。该技术对于构建绿色（或称节能）的IP over WDM网络具有重要意义，这种网络旨在通过优化光网络的智能路由和功率使用，提高整体能效。
论文作者Weigang Hou、Lei Guo、Xiaoxue Gong和Yejun Liu在2010年7月24日提交了初步研究成果，并在2011年11月23日接受发表，发表于《光网络通信》(PhotonNetwCommun)期刊，DOI为10.1007/s11107-011-0353-8。他们的研究旨在解决网络能耗问题，同时保持服务质量，推动学术界和工业界对绿色IP over WDM网络技术的深入探索。
文章可能包括了以下几个关键部分：
1. 引言：介绍背景，强调IP网络的增长和能耗问题，以及绿色网络的重要性。
2. 混合修饰原理：详细解释如何通过WDM网络实现IP流量的聚合和分解，以提高功率效率。
3. 功率效率评估：讨论混合修饰方法如何优于传统的电子路由器在功率消耗方面的表现。
4. 系统设计与实现：可能包括网络架构设计、算法描述和实验验证。
5. 结果与分析：展示实验结果，评估混合修饰在实际环境中的性能和节能效果。
6. 未来挑战与展望：提出可能面临的挑战，如动态流量预测和网络扩展等，并讨论可能的发展趋势。
这篇论文不仅提供了理论分析，还可能包含了实践应用的案例和对业界的政策建议，为构建更加可持续的IP网络提供了有价值的参考。
Photon Netw Commun
support optical bypass. The grooming matrix in OXC is
equipped with GMPs and transceivers for establishing light-
paths and performing OEO conversions. The wavelength
assignment scheme is First-Fit. The following inputs and
notations are introduced.
E
t
Power consumption per transceiver.
E
gmp
Power consumption per grooming matrix
port.
E
a
Power consumption per amplifier.
E
AP
Power consumption per aggregating port.
E
TP
Power consumption per transmission port.
d Distance between two neighboring
in-line amplifiers.
CR
n
(s, d) The nth arriving IP-level request from
source
node s to destination node d.
CR Set of accepted IP-level requests in the
whole network.
|
|
Number of elements in set .
x Physical node in the physical network
topology.
D
i, j
Distance of the fiber link from node i
to node j, D
i, j
≥ d.
V
x
Virtual node corresponding to node x.
WPL
y
The yth wavelength-plane layer
corresponding to wavelength
W
y
(1 ≤ y ≤
|
W
|
).
W
y
x
Wavelength-node corresponding to node x.
WL
y
x,z
If there is a fiber connection from node x
to node z and wavelength W
y
on this
fiber is free, then there will be a wavelength-
link
WL
y
x,z
from W
y
x
to W
y
z
on WPL
y
.
LP
y,x,z
If there is a wavelength-route from node
W
y
x
to node W
y
z
, then there will be a lightpath
LP
y,x,z
from node V
x
to node V
z
on VTL.
RB
y,x,z
Residual bandwidth of lightpath LP
y,x,z
.
LP
t
y,x,z
Amount of IP-level requests carried by
lightpath LP
y,x,z
.
LP Set of established lightpaths in the WDM
optical layer.
FTP
x
Pair of numbers beside node V
x
, that is,
FTP
x
= (a, b) where a and b
are the number of available
transceivers and the number of available
GMPs in node x, respectively.
TVL(V
x
, W
y
x
) If a and b are both greater than zero
in FTP
x
= (a, b), then there will be a vir-
tual-link
TVL(V
x
, W
y
x
) connecting node V
x
with
node
W
y
x
(1 ≤ y ≤
|
W
|
).
γ
i, j
Boolean variable which would
take the value of 1 once the fiber link from
node
i to node j is traversed by one lightpath, 0
otherwise.
β
i
Boolean variable which would
take the value of 1 once the node i is
selected as source-end node of a lightpath,
0 otherwise.
ϕ
i
Boolean variable which would take the
value
of 1 once the node i is selected
as destination-end node of a lightpath, 0
otherwise.
γ
i, j
y,x,z
Boolean variable which would take the
value of 1
if the fiber link from node i to node j
is traversed by lightpath LP
y,x,z
, 0 other-
wise.
2.2 Formulation of power consumed by establishing
lightpaths
In this paper, we divide the power consumed by establishing
lightpaths PC into two main parts, the traffic-independent
part PC
0
and the traffic-dependent part PC
t
, that is:
PC = PC
0
+ PC
t
(1)
In Eq. (1), the traffic-independent part PC
0
mainly depends
on the number of established lightpaths and the traffic-
dependent part PC
t
is basically proportional to the number
of IP-level requests, which are respectively written as:
PC
0
= PC
EDFA
+ 2 ×
|
LP
|
×
E
t
+ E
gmp
(2)
PC
t
= 2 × E
AP
×
|
CR
|
(3)
where PC
EDFA
is calculated as:
PC
EDFA
= E
a
×
i∈V
j∈V, j=i
γ
i, j
× D
i, j
d
− 1
+E
a
×
i∈V
β
i
+
i∈V
ϕ
i
, Subject to : D
i, j
≥ d
(4)
In Eq. (2), the term 2 ×
|
LP
|
×
E
t
+ E
gmp
computes the
total power consumption of transceivers and GMPs. The term
2 × E
AP
×
|
CR
|
in Eq. (3) evaluates the total power con-
sumed by aggregating ports in core routers. In Eq. (4), for
the sake of further saving power, only the node selected as
source (destination) end node of the lightpath is equipped
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