加速开发：Yii 2 和 PHP 框架实战

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"Web Application Development with Yii 2 and PHP" 是一本关于使用Yii 2框架进行Web应用程序开发的英文原版图书。作者是Mark Safronov和Jeffrey Winesett，由Packt Publishing出版。本书深入探讨了使用Yii 2框架和PHP语言快速构建Web应用的技巧和方法。Yii 2是PHP的一个高性能、基于组件的框架，特别适合用于开发复杂的企业级Web应用。它提供了丰富的功能，包括MVC（模型-视图-控制器）架构模式、主动记录（Active Record）对象关系映射、缓存管理、身份验证和权限控制等。在书中，读者将了解到： 1. **Yii 2框架的基础**：学习Yii 2的基本概念，包括目录结构、配置、路由和控制器的使用。 2. **MVC设计模式**：理解模型、视图和控制器各自的作用，以及如何在Yii 2中实现它们。 3. **模板和视图**：学习如何创建和组织视图，以及利用Yii的模板引擎来提升用户体验。 4. **数据库交互**：通过Active Record了解如何与数据库进行操作，创建数据模型并执行CRUD（创建、读取、更新、删除）操作。 5. **表单处理**：掌握表单创建和验证，确保用户输入的数据安全可靠。 6. **认证和授权**：学习如何实现用户认证和访问控制，例如基于角色的访问控制（RBAC）。 7. **性能优化**：了解如何使用Yii 2的缓存机制，包括页面缓存、片段缓存和数据缓存，以及如何进行代码优化。 8. **RESTful API开发**：构建符合REST原则的API，以便于与其他系统或移动应用集成。 9. **测试和调试**：学习Yii 2的单元测试和集成测试工具，以及调试技巧。 10. **部署和维护**：理解如何将应用部署到生产环境，并进行持续集成和持续部署（CI/CD）。此外，书中还可能涵盖了错误处理、日志记录、国际化和本地化、第三方库集成等Web开发中的常见问题。通过这本书，开发者可以快速上手Yii 2框架，提升开发效率，同时保证代码的质量和安全性。请注意，虽然作者和出版商已尽力确保书中的信息准确无误，但书中可能存在疏漏或不准确之处，读者在实际开发中应结合其他资源和技术文档进行参考。此外，书中提到的公司和产品商标信息可能会有变动，读者需自行核实。

Preface

This book is a guide that describes the process of incremental, test-rst development

of a web application using Yii framework Version 2.

The Yii framework, hosted at

http://www.yiiframework.com/, is a PHP-based

application framework built around the Model-View-Controller composite pattern.

It is suitable for building both web and console applications, but its feature set makes

it most useful for web applications. It has several code generation facilities, including

the full create-read-update-delete (CRUD) interface maker. It relies heavily on the

conventions expressed in its default conguration settings.

Overall, if all you need is a fancy interface for the underlying database, there

is probably nothing better for you than the Yii framework. Given the extensive

conguration options, any kind of application can be made from Yii.

Version 2 of the Yii framework is built utilizing the latest improvements in the PHP

infrastructure collected over the years. It uses the Composer utility (see

https://

getcomposer.org/

) as a primary distribution method, PSR levels 1, 2, and 4 from

the PHP Framework Interop Group guidelines (see http://www.php-fig.org/),

and PHP 5.4+ features, such as short array syntax and closures.

At the time of writing, Yii 2 is at the stage of late beta. Some changes are expected,

but there should not be backward-compatibility-breaking changes anymore. Thus,

the content of this book can be reasonably trusted even if the framework can attain

some additional features after this book is published.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Getting Started, covers the simplest possible methods to raise a working

web application completely from scratch using the Yii framework.

Preface

[ 2 ]

Chapter 2, Making a Custom Application with Yii 2, shows how the process of

implementation of a web application with a single, working, tested feature can

be done from scratch using the Yii framework.

Chapter 3, Automatically Generating the CRUD Code, shows how we can implement

a working, tested feature in an existing web application using only the code

generation facilities and not a line of custom code written.

Chapter 4, The Renderer, describes the details of how the framework renders its output

and presents some tricks to introduce customizations to the rendering process.

Chapter 5, User Authentication, discusses the tools to provide authentication to

application visitors.

Chapter 6, User Authorization and Access Control, explains the ways to control access

for application visitors, and, especially, about the role-based access control system.

Chapter 7, Modules, returns from the exact features of the framework to its

fundamentals. Here we will clearly understand the internal structure and logic

of the Yii-based application and how it inuences the overall design.

Chapter 8, Overall Behavior, is about the infrastructure of the Yii-based application.

We will learn about several features that affect the application as a whole.

Chapter 9, Making an Extension, tells us how to make the extension to the Yii 2

framework and prepare it so that it is installable in the same way as the extensions

built-in to the basic distribution of the framework itself.

Chapter 10, Events and Behaviors, investigates the intricacies of the system inside

the Yii 2 framework allowing us to attach custom behavior to many of the usual

activities of the application, such as fetching a record from the database or rendering

a view le.

Chapter 11, The Grid, has two purposes. First, it explains the powerful and complex

GridView widget, which allows you to make complicated, table-based interfaces

relatively easily. Second, it presents a different approach in developing applications

using the Yii 2 framework, the one that is customary in its community, so you can

see both the advantages and the disadvantages of both approaches.

Chapter 12, Route Management, explains the top level of the framework, that is, how it

responds to HTTP requests from actual visitors.

Chapter 13, Collaborative Work, concludes the book by presenting the methods that

help to manage the code base of a Yii-based application when there are several

developers working on it.

Preface

[ 3 ]

Appendix A, Deployment Setup with Vagrant, shows a simple way to construct a virtual

machine for your local development, which you can use for building the examples

from this book.

Appendix B, The Active Form Primer, contains an extension to Chapter 11, The Grid, in

which we use another powerful user interface widget of Yii 2, the ActiveForm. It

was excluded from the chapter text because it's not directly related to the GridView

widget, but we could not gloss over it completely. Without the ActiveForm, the

feature we were building in Chapter 11, The Grid, is not complete.

Through the course of the book, starting from Chapter 2, Making a Custom Application

with Yii 2, we'll be working with a single code base. Later chapters will build over

the work previously done, so the book is expected to be read sequentially, without

skipping or changing order.

Who this book is for

The text is targeted at existing, established developers who want to learn quickly

whether the Yii framework can t their demands and, especially, workow. It is not

a reference, but rather a guide. More than that, the reader is expected to have a copy

of the source code and an ofcial documentation as supplementary material

while reading.

We will expect some relatively high qualications from the reader, as several basic

development concepts such as POSIX-compatible command line, version control

system, deployment pipeline, automated testing harness, and an ability to navigate

through the code base by fully qualied names of classes are assumed as obvious

and not requiring any explanation.

What you need for this book

A workstation with the full LAMP stack installed, that is, having Apache web

server, MySQL relational database management system, and PHP runtime installed

over some Linux-based distribution. If the reader is capable enough, then any of

these requirements can be swapped for different vendors, except PHP, which is

quite obvious.

You have to use PHP Version 5.4 and higher, because it's a requirement for Yii 2,

and generally, you don't have any reason to use previous versions anymore.

Even if you don't use a POSIX-compatible OS, such as any Linux-based distribution

or Mac OS X, you should have a Bash-like shell, as all command-line examples in

this book assume the availability of this shell.

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