Delphi入门指南：英文版与资源详解

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"《Mastering Delphi 6》是一本由SYBEX出版的专业教程，适合Delphi初学者快速入门。本书版权于2001年，作者Marco Cantù，涵盖了Delphi 6这一版本的深入剖析和实践指导。该书在San Francisco、Paris、Düsseldorf、Soest和London等地发行，旨在帮助读者掌握Delphi编程语言的关键技能。本书结构严谨，包含多个方面的内容，例如开发人员的责任声明、版权信息以及团队协作，包括Associate Publisher Richard Mills、Contracts and Licensing Manager Kristine O’Callaghan等在内的多名专业人员参与了不同阶段的工作。Acquisitions Editor Denise Santoro Lincoln负责项目获取，Developmental Editors Diane Lowery和Denise Santoro Lincoln负责稿件的发展和完善。核心部分是Marco Cantù的编著，他以其丰富的经验和专业知识，详细介绍了Delphi 6的基础概念、控件使用、面向对象编程、数据库操作、网络编程以及高级主题。书中不仅有理论讲解，还有实用的代码示例，让学习者能够在实践中迅速掌握Delphi技术。 Technical Editors如Danny Thorpe和Eddie Churchill确保技术内容的准确性和实用性，Book Designer Robin Kibby负责书籍的整体设计，Graphic Illustrator Tony Jonick则负责插图和视觉元素，使得内容更易理解。此外，电子出版专家Kris Warrenburg和Cyan Design团队也对电子版进行了优化。为了确保内容的质量，Proofreaders团队如Nanette Duffy等人进行了细致的校对，Indexer Ted Laux负责索引，帮助读者快速查找所需信息。生产和协调团队如Leslie E. H. Light、Christine Harris和Kevin Ly分别负责印刷和数字化流程。封面设计由DesignSite完成，Sergie Loobkoff既是封面插画师也是摄影师，共同打造了吸引眼球的封面形象。版权方面，所有内容受到世界范围内的法律保护，作者鼓励读者将可重用的代码用于个人学习。综上，《Mastering Delphi 6》是一本全面且实用的Delphi入门指南，无论是对于希望步入Delphi编程领域的新手，还是希望提升现有技能的开发者，都是不可或缺的学习资源。通过阅读这本书，读者可以系统地学习Delphi 6的各个方面，并在实际项目中熟练应用。"

The Object TreeView

Delphi 5 introduced a TreeView for data modules, where you could see the relations among

nonvisual components, such as datasets, fields, actions, and so on. Delphi 6 extends the idea

by providing an Object TreeView for every designer, including plain forms. The Object

TreeView is placed by default above the Object Inspector; use the View ➢ Object TreeView

command in case it is hidden.

The Object TreeView shows all of the components and objects on the form in a tree, rep-

resenting their relations. The most obvious is the parent/child relation: Place a panel on a

form, a button inside it and one outside of the panel. The tree will show the two buttons, one

under the form and the other under the panel, as in Figure 1.1. Notice that the TreeView is

synchronized with the Object Inspector and Form Designer, so as you select an item and

change the focus in any one of these three tools, the focus changes in the other two tools.

Besides parent/child, the Object TreeView shows also other relations, such as owner/owned,

component/subobject, collection/item, plus various specific ones, including dataset/connection

and data source/dataset relations. Here, you can see an example of the structure of a menu in

the tree.

At times, the TreeView also displays “dummy” nodes, which do not correspond to an

actual object but do correspond to a predefined one. As an example of this behavior, drop a

Table component (from the BDE page) and you’ll see two grayed icons for the session and

the alias. Technically, the Object TreeView uses gray icons for components that do not have

design-time persistence. They are real components (at design time and at run time), but

because they are default objects that are constructed at run time and have no persistent data

that can be edited at design time, the Data Module Designer does not allow you to edit their

properties. If you drop a Table on the form, you’ll also see items with a red question mark

enclosed in a yellow circle next to them. This symbol indicates partially undefined items

(there used to be a red square around those items in Delphi 5).

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Loadable Views

Another important change has taken place in the Code Editor window. For any single file

loaded in the IDE, the editor can now show multiple views, and these views can be defined

programmatically and added to the system, then loaded for given files—hence the name load-

able views.

The most frequently used view is the Diagram page, which was already available in Delphi 5

data modules, although it was less powerful. Another set of views is available in Web applica-

tions, including an HTML Script view, an HTML Result preview, and many others dis-

cussed in Chapter 22.

The Diagram View

Along with the TreeView, another feature originally introduced in Delphi 5 Data Modules and

now available for every designer is the Diagram view. This view shows dependencies among

components, including parent/child relations, ownership, linked properties, and generic rela-

tions. For dataset components, it also supports master/detail relations and lookup connections.

You can even add your comments in text blocks linked to specific components.

The Diagram is not built automatically. You must drag components from the TreeView to

the diagram, which will automatically display the existing relations among the components

you drop there. In Delphi 6, you can now select multiple items from the Object TreeView

and drag them all at once to the Diagram page.

What’s nice is that you can set properties by simply drawing arrows between the compo-

nents. For example, after moving an edit and a label to Diagram, you can select the Property

Connector icon, click the label, and drag the mouse cursor over the edit. When you release

the mouse button, the Diagram will set up a property relation based on the FocusControl

property, which is the only property of the label referring to an edit control. This situation is

depicted in Figure 1.2.

As you can see, setting properties is directional: If you drag the property relation line from

the edit to the label, you end up trying to use the label as the value of a property of the edit

box. Because this isn’t possible, you’ll see an error message indicating the problem and offer-

ing to connect the components in the opposite way.

In Delphi 6, the Diagram view allows you to create multiple diagrams for each Delphi

unit—that is, for each form or data module. Simply give a name to the diagram and possibly

add a description, click the New Diagram button, prepare another diagram, and you’ll be

able to switch back and forth between diagrams using the combo box available in the toolbar

of the Diagram view.

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An IDE for Two Libraries

Another very important change I just want to introduce here is the fact that Delphi 6, for the

first time, allows you to use to different component libraries, VCL (Visual Components

Library) and CLX (Component Library for Cross-Platform). When you create a new project,

you simply choose which of the two libraries you want to use, starting with the File ➢ New ➢

Application command for a classic VCL-based Windows program and with the File ➢

New ➢ CLX Application command for a new CLX-based portable application.

Creating a new project or opening an existing one, the Component Palette is rearranged to

show only the controls related to the current library (although most of them are actually

shared). This topic is fully covered in Chapter 6, so I don’t want to get into the details here;

I’ll just underline that you can use Delphi 6 to build applications you can compile right away

for Linux using Kylix. The effect of this change on the IDE is really quite large, as many

things “under the hood” had to be reengineered. Only programmers using the ToolsAPI and

other advanced elements will notice all these internal differences, as they are mostly trans-

parent to most users.

Smaller Enhancements

Besides this important change and others I’ll discuss in later sections, such as the update of

the Object Inspector and of code completion, there are small (but still quite important)

changes in the Delphi 6 IDE. Here is a list of these changes:

• There is a new Window menu in the IDE. This menu lists the open windows, some-

thing you could obtain in the past using the Alt+0 keys. This is really very handy, as

windows often end up behind others and are hard to find. (Thanks, Borland, for listen-

ing to this and other simple but effective requests from users.)

TIP

Two entries of the Main Window registry section of Delphi (under \Software\Borland\

Delphi\6.0 for the current user) allow you to hide this menu and disable its alphabetic sort

order. This registry keys use strings (in place of Boolean values) where “-1” indicates true and

“0” false.

• The File menu doesn’t include specific items for creating new forms or applications.

These commands have been increased in number and grouped under the File ➢ New

secondary menu. The Other command of this menu opens the New Item dialog box

(the Object Repository) as the File ➢ New command did in the past.

• The Component Palette local menu has a submenu listing all of the palette pages in

alphabetic order. You can use it to change the active page, particularly when it is not

visible on the screen.

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