Figure 2. Adding padding to elements
As Figure 2 illustrates, the background of an element extends into the padding by
default. If the background is transparent, this will create some extra transparent space
around the element’s content, but any visible background will extend into the pad‐
ding area (and beyond, as we’ll see in a later section).
Visible backgrounds can be prevented from extending into the
padding by using the property background-clip.
By default, elements have no padding. The separation between paragraphs, for exam‐
ple, has traditionally been enforced with margins alone (as we’ll see later on). It’s also
the case that, without padding, the border of an element will come very close to the
content of the element itself. Thus, when putting a border on an element, it’s usually a
good idea to add some padding as well, as Figure 3 illustrates.
Figure 3. e eect of padding on bordered block-level elements
Any length value is permitted, from ems to inches. The simplest way to set padding is
with a single length value, which is applied equally to all four padding sides. At times,
however, you might desire a different amount of padding on each side of an element.
That’s simple as well. If you want all h1 elements to have a top padding of 10 pixels, a
Padding | 5
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