OpenGIS Location Service：OGC标准推动地理信息共享与发展

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OpenGIS Location Service (OpenLS) 是一个由Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) 制定并维护的接口标准，旨在促进地理信息数据的共享和地理信息技术的发展。这个规范于2008年9月发布，版本为1.2，属于OpenGIS® Project的一部分，版权归Open Geospatial Consortium所有，未经许可不得随意使用，需遵守相关许可协议（http://www.opengeospatial.org/legal/）。 OpenLS 核心服务包括五个部分： 1. **目录服务 (Directory Service)**：这部分涉及对地理信息数据的组织、管理和查找，它提供了一个结构化的框架，帮助用户查找特定的地理数据集或服务，并管理数据的元数据，以便于发现和访问。 2. **_gateway服务 (Gateway Service)**：作为一个数据接入点，Gateway Service 允许用户无缝地访问和整合来自不同源的地理信息，包括地图数据、位置服务和其他相关的地理信息资源，通过统一的接口实现数据的标准化和互操作性。 3. **位置实用服务 (Location Utility Service)**：此服务包含了两个主要组件——**Geocoder** 和 **Reverse Geocoder**。Geocoder 用于将文本地址转换为地理坐标，而Reverse Geocoder则反之，将坐标转换为可读的地址，这对于定位、路线规划以及地理编码应用至关重要。 4. **呈现服务 (Presentation Service)**：这部分关注数据的可视化和呈现，提供了将地理信息数据以地图、图表或其他图形方式展示的方法，以支持用户理解和分析数据。 5. **路由服务 (Route Service)**：专注于路径规划和导航，允许用户获取从一个位置到另一个位置的最佳路线，考虑了各种因素如交通状况、距离和时间成本等。这些服务共同构成了OpenGIS Location Service的基础架构，使得地理信息系统能够有效地集成和利用地理位置信息，推动了诸如位置感知应用、智慧城市、自动驾驶和物联网等领域的发展。参与标准制定的公司包括ESRI、NavTeq、Autodesk、Oracle等，它们在各自的领域提供了关键技术和专业知识，确保了标准的质量和实用性。 OpenGIS Location Service是地理信息产业的重要里程碑，它通过标准化接口和互操作性促进了地理信息系统的全球化和广泛应用，对推动地理信息行业的发展起到了关键作用。

OpenLS 1.2

in the request when the subscriber is seeking the nearest place, product or service, or if

they desire a place, product or service at a specific location or within a specific area. The

position may be the current Mobile Terminal position, as determined through the

Gateway Service, or a remote position determined in some other manner. The directory

type may also be specified (e.g. yellow pages, restaurant guide, etc). Given the

formulated request, the Directory Service searches the appropriate online directory to

fulfill the request, finding the nearest or specific place, product or service, depending on

the search criteria. The service returns one or more responses to the query (with locations

and complete descriptions of the place, product, or service, depending upon directory

content), where the responses are in ranked order based upon the search criteria.

8.1.1 Pinpoint Directory Service

Provides subscribers with access to an online directory to find the location of a specific

place, product or service. This service is independent of subscriber location (e.g., the

subscriber may wish to ‗pinpoint‘ a place in a distant country).

8.1.2 Proximity Directory Service

Provides subscribers with access to an online directory to find the nearest place, product

or service.

From the Usage Scenarios below, it seems unnecessary to separate these usages into two

services, when they are simply special cases of the same underlying Directory Service

request.

The examples below will illustrate that there are two simple cases for finding a particular

point of interest that roughly correspond to the Pinpoint and Proximity requests:

1. By some property of the Point of Interest (e.g., unique identifier, name,

description, phone number, absolute location)

2. By its location relative to some other point of interest (e.g., Nearest to me, within

some distance of a specified entity, within some defined boundary).

Any of these or combinations of these may be made using the combined Directory

Services request which is specified below.

8.1.3 Use Cases

The user of the Directory Service wishes to locate a particular Place, Product or Service.

The user may constrain the request by specifying parameters that filter out candidate

places/products/services according to some identifier, attribute, or location.

Example usage scenarios for Directory Service are captured below.

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OpenGIS Location Service：OGC标准推动地理信息共享与发展

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