跨平台应用集成FireMonkey：构建与使用Win/Mac库

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"这篇白皮书探讨了如何在RAD Studio中使用FireMonkey创建跨平台的共享库，以便在Windows和Mac OS X上用于多种应用程序。文章由技术销售顾问Stephen Ball撰写，Embarcadero Technologies于2012年4月发布。" 在深入讨论之前，我们先了解FireMonkey是什么。FireMonkey是一个原生的CPU和GPU驱动的平台，专为丰富的商业应用设计。它允许开发者创建高性能、多平台的应用，包括Windows、Mac、iOS和Android等。白皮书分为四个主要部分： 1. **介绍**：简述了共享库的概念，以及为何在跨平台开发中使用它们的重要性。FireMonkey的引入使得开发者可以编写一次代码，然后在多个操作系统上运行。 2. **第一部分 - 创建第一个跨平台共享库**：这部分详细讲解了如何使用Delphi创建共享库，并介绍了如何在Delphi的FireMonkey和VCL（Visual Component Library）应用程序中使用这个库。此外，还涵盖了在Mac环境下设置和运行的步骤。 3. **第二部分 - 通过共享库消费FireMonkey**：这里展示了如何创建一个包含FireMonkey组件的库，并且讨论了“懒加载”（lazy loading）的概念，即在需要时才加载库的部分内容，以优化性能。同时，解释了如何为VCL应用程序编写客户端代码，以及如何为FireMonkey客户端编写代码来使用包含FireMonkey组件的库。 4. **第三部分 - 集成C++**：这部分详细阐述了如何将FireMonkey集成到C++Builder项目中，这对于那些使用C++进行视觉效果（使用FireMonkey）和非视觉代码的开发者来说是极其重要的。 5. **第四部分 - 集成C#**：最后，白皮书探讨了如何在C#应用程序中调用使用FireMonkey的库。这对于需要跨平台兼容性的.NET开发者来说，提供了宝贵的指导。这份白皮书为开发者提供了一条清晰的路径，让他们能够充分利用FireMonkey的跨平台能力，将其整合到现有的VCL、C#和C++应用程序中，从而实现更高效、更灵活的开发流程。无论是对于业务逻辑的复用，还是对于FireMonkey图形功能的利用，都有详尽的实例和指导。

Developing and Using Win/Mac Libraries

Embarcadero Technologies, Inc. - 6 -

Your Project Group should now look

something like this

Now that you have your target platforms,

you can double click on the target

platform that you want to build for, and

choose Build or Compile from the Project

menu option. Short cut keys are also

available.

To Compile press Ctrl+F9.

To Build choose Shift +F9

Compiling the DLL may yield the following warning about potential data loss.

This is due to the result of the FormatDateTime function being a String rather than a

ShortString: For more on the warning see this URL.

http://docwiki.embarcadero.com/RADStudio/en/W1058_Implicit_string_cast_with_p

otential_data_loss_from_%27%25s%27_to_%27%25s%27_(Delphi)

This warning can be removed in this instance by typecasting the result as a

ShortString e.g.

function GetQuoteOfTheDay: ShortString; stdcall; export;

begin

Result := ShortString(FormatDateTime('DD-MMM-YYYY HH:NN:SS ',Now)+'Hello

World!!');

end;

Once built, go to the project folder using explorer and you will see that there are 3

separate folders created. OSX32, Win32 and Win64

This folder structure denotes the different platforms that you have built for and the

files required for each platform are created and placed into these output folders.

Each folder internally has either a Debug and/or Release folder depending on the

type of Build configuration used.

Developing and Using Win/Mac Libraries

Embarcadero Technologies, Inc. - 7 -

Inspecting the content of the folders you will notice that the files that are output

have slightly different names between Windows and Mac. (dll vs. dylib extensions).

USING THE SHARED LIBRARY FROM AN APPLICATION

Now that we have our shared library built, we need to write an application to use it.

Using either Delphi or C++Builder we have two main visual choices. RAD Studio XE2

introduces a new multi-platform framework called FireMonkey, alternatively we have

VCL for Windows only. As we want to write and use this library on Windows and Mac

OS X we will use a FireMonkey project.

FireMonkey projects allow you to run visual applications across multiple platforms.

FireMonkey is written from the ground up to be Platform Independent. FireMonkey

draws all the controls itself rather than requiring the platform OS to produce the

controls. This has a number of great benefits including fully customizable style

support, the ability to build your own controls, but most importantly a common

interface that works on each of the platforms that FireMonkey targets (with the ability

for it to move applications to new and emerging platforms quickly as they become

available). This is especially important with the growing requirements for

organisations to support multiple devices per person.

To create a new FireMonkey project, we are going to

right click on the project group and choose Add New

Project and then Choose FireMonkey HD Application

under Delphi Projects.

With the new FireMonkey HD Application project

selected save the new project as

CallingXPlatformLibrary into the same folder as your

library project. This will ensure that when we build for

the different platforms the output goes to the same

folders and the library binaries will automatically be on

the search path. ☺

In your new project you will have a unit1/form1. To test

our library, we need to declare and then call the

GetQuoteOfTheDay function form the library.

Let’s start by setting up an event to call the library; add to the form a TLabel and a

TButton. You can also update the Text property of the button to “Get Quote”.

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