Joinpoint 回归分析软件使用手册

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"Joinpoint Help Manual 4.8.0.1 是一份关于Jointpoint回归操作的指南，适用于Windows平台的统计软件包。该软件用于分析Joinpoint模型，旨在检验趋势变化是否具有统计显著性。它能将选定的趋势数据（如癌症发病率）拟合到最简单的Joinpoint模型中，结果显示为多条线在'Joinpoints'处相连接的图形。用户可以查看每个Joinpoint模型的单独图形，从最少到最多的Joinpoint数量。数据文件可由任何软件创建，而SEER*Stat软件提供了一种方便的方法来创建能被Joinpoint分析的癌症率或计数数据文件。" Joinpoint回归是一种统计分析方法，主要用于研究时间序列数据中趋势的变化点。它允许研究者识别和量化趋势在不同时间段内的变化，例如疾病发病率、经济增长或其他随时间变化的指标。Joinpoint Regression Program是一个专为此目的设计的软件工具，其4.8.0.1版本提供了对趋势变化点进行分析的能力。在这个程序中，"Joinpoint"是指数据中趋势发生显著改变的点。通过拟合不同的Joinpoint模型，软件能够确定趋势线何时和如何变化。最简单的模型可能只有一条直线，而更复杂的模型可能包含多个Joinpoints，使得趋势在这些点之间呈现不同的斜率。用户可以输入自己创建的数据文件，或者利用SEER*Stat软件导出的数据文件。SEER*Stat是一个专门用于癌症统计数据的软件，它可以生成符合Joinpoint分析要求的文件格式，使得数据导入和分析过程更加便捷。在Joinpoint Specifications选项卡上，如果加载了从SEER*Stat导出的数据文件，控制设置会自动完成。在实际应用中，Joinpoint分析对于公共卫生研究人员来说非常有价值，因为它可以帮助他们识别疾病发病率的趋势变化，从而指导公共卫生策略的制定。例如，如果癌症发病率在一段时间内持续上升，然后突然下降，Joinpoint分析可以确认这种转变是否具有统计意义，进而推断出可能的原因，如预防措施的有效性或治疗技术的进步。 Joinpoint Regression Program是理解时间序列数据中趋势变化的强大工具，其4.8.0.1版本提供了一个直观的界面和灵活的功能，使得非统计专业人士也能进行复杂的数据分析。通过与SEER*Stat等软件的集成，它简化了数据准备和结果解释的过程，促进了科研成果的产出。

Surveillance Research Program

Define Format

Joinpoint allows by-variables to be renamed and labels to be assigned to each of their

associated values. If the format for a variable is changed, the new format will be saved with

the session and when the session is executed, the resultant output will reflect the changes.

The following attributes can be set for each By-variable:

Variable name:

The name must be of reasonable length and it is recommended that the label be concise

(short) for ease of viewing in the output.

Coding Information (Value = Label):

Each By-variable must consist of a series of values. Each value can be assigned a label. Users

are allowed to change the label for any value. If no labels were initially found for the by-

variable, then the label for each value is defaulted to the associated value.

A By-variable format example would be:

1 = Male and Female

2 = Male

3 = Female

Labels may have any meaningful text including numbers, letters, and special characters. They

must also be a reasonable length and it is recommended that the label be concise for ease of

viewing in the output.

Joinpoint Help Manual 4.8.0.1 | https://surveillance.cancer.gov/help/joinpoint/ | 21 April 2020

Surveillance Research Program

Include/Exclude Select Cohorts

Specify which cohorts from the data should actually be processed.

The “Exclude...” option should be used when you want Joinpoint to analyze a subset of the

cohorts found in your input data file. With this feature, you can select those cohorts you wish

to analyze and those that you do not.

Regardless of the number of cohorts you select to include in your analysis, all cohorts will still

be present in the output data file. Those that were “excluded” from the analysis, will be

marked with an and labeled as “Excluded By User”. Excluded cohorts will only display the

observed data values in the graph and data grids.

If one or more cohorts are excluded when you execute your session, Joinpoint will display

those cohorts in the “Issues Found in Cohort Data” window. The cohorts will be marked as

“User Selected to Exclude This Cohort” and the user can choose to cancel the job.

Selecting Cohorts to include using the “By-Variable” categories:

Choose By-Variables to Include

This list will contain all categories for each of your by-variables. You can use this list to

include or exclude cohort categories (groups) in your Joinpoint analysis.

Options:

Add By-Group –This button will add all cohorts containing the selected By-Variable category

to the “Cohorts to Be Included” list.

Remove By-Group – This button will remove all cohorts containing the selected By-Variable

category from the “Cohorts to Be Included” list.

Selecting Individual Cohorts to Include:

Choose Individual Cohorts to Include

This list will contain all the individual cohorts found in your input data file. By using this list,

you can include or exclude individual cohorts from your Joinpoint analysis.

Options:

Add All – this button will add all items in the “Choose Individual Cohorts to Include” list to the

“Cohorts to Be Included” list.

Add -> - this button will add any selected items in the “Choose Individual Cohorts to Include”

list to the “Cohorts to Be Included” list.

<- Remove – this button will remove all selected items from the “Cohorts to Be Included” list.

Remove All – this button will remove all items in the “Cohorts to Be Included” list.

Cohorts That Will Be Modeled By Joinpoint:

Cohorts to Be Included: This list will contain all cohorts to be analyzed by Joinpoint. If the list

is empty, then the Joinpoint session cannot be executed. There must be one or more cohorts

listed.

Total Possible Cohorts: In the lower left-hand corner of the “Select Cohorts To Run” dialog will

Joinpoint Help Manual 4.8.0.1 | https://surveillance.cancer.gov/help/joinpoint/ | 21 April 2020

Surveillance Research Program

How to Compute Age-Adjusted Rates in Joinpoint

For a detailed explanation on how to calculate age-adjusted rates, please refer to the following

web site:

http://seer.cancer.gov/seerstat/tutorials/aarates/step1.html

For Joinpoint to compute age-adjusted rates, each input data record must have the following

variables IN THIS ORDER:

1. All cohort-defining variables

2. Independent variable

3. Adjustment variable (this is typically an age variable)

4. Count

5. Population

6. Standard Population

The following requirements will be applied to each cohort when age-adjusted rates are

computed by Joinpoint:

The data has to be sorted using the following variable order:

All cohort defining variables

Independent variable

Adjustment variable

Count values must be greater than or equal to zero.

Population values must be greater than or equal to zero

If the population value is zero, the associated count must also be zero.

The count must not be greater than the associated population.

Standard Populations values must be greater than zero.

The Adjustment Variable must have the same categories (in the same order) for each By

Variable/Independent Variable combination.

Below is an example of an input data file correctly structured for Joinpoint to compute age-

adjusted rates.The data file contains one by variable (sex:1 = Male, 2 = Female) and the

independent variable is Year (values are 1980 thru 2000 inclusive).For each Sex/Year

combination, there is a complete set of adjustment variable values (00 years to 85+ years).

Please note that the standard population appears on every data record and the value

corresponds to the associated age group.

Variable

(Sex)

Independent

Variable (Year)

Adjustment

Variable (Age)

Count Population US 2000

Standard

Populations

1 1980 00 years 29 139,879 3,794,901

1 1980 01-04 years 87 553,189 15,191,619

1 1980 05-09 years 67 736,212 19,919,840

1 1980 10-14 years 71 770,999 20,056,779

1 1980 15-19 years 87 651,309 19,819,518

Joinpoint Help Manual 4.8.0.1 | https://surveillance.cancer.gov/help/joinpoint/ | 21 April 2020

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