构建单页应用：设计与架构指南

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"SPA Design and Architecture(Manning,2015)" 是一本关于单页应用程序（SPA）设计与架构的书籍，由 Emmit A. Scott Jr. 编著。本书旨在教授读者创建SPA所需的设计和开发技能，内容涵盖MV*框架概述、单元测试、路由、布局管理、数据访问、发布/订阅以及客户端任务自动化。购买实体书还赠送PDF、Kindle和ePub格式的电子书。在技术方面，SPA代表单页应用，它将桌面应用的流畅体验带入了浏览器中。对于想要从传统多页面应用过渡到SPA的开发者，这本书提供了指导。书中通过易于理解的例子，帮助读者将所学应用到他们选择的库或框架中。书中内容包括： 1. **模块化JavaScript**：讲解如何构建可维护的、模块化的JavaScript代码，这对于大型SPA项目至关重要。 2. **MV*框架**：介绍MVVM（Model-View-ViewModel）、MVC（Model-View-Controller）等框架，这些框架是SPA开发的核心工具，帮助管理应用程序的状态和视图更新。 3. **导航与路由**：讨论在单页面环境中如何实现平滑的页面转换，确保用户在不刷新整个页面的情况下仍能顺畅地浏览应用。 4. **视图组合与布局管理**：讲解如何有效地组织和管理SPA中的视图，提供一致且直观的用户体验。 5. **模块间交互**：探讨不同组件之间如何通信，以实现功能的协调和数据共享。 6. **服务器通信**：介绍如何在客户端与服务器之间交换数据，如使用Ajax技术，尤其是XMLHttpRequest API的运用。 7. **单元测试**：阐述如何对SPA进行单元测试，确保代码质量并降低维护成本。 8. **客户端任务自动化**：介绍自动化工具，如Gulp.js，用于构建、测试和部署SPA，提高开发效率。本书适合有一定JavaScript基础的Web开发者阅读。作者Emmit Scott是一位经验丰富的软件工程师和架构师，专长于构建大规模的Web应用。书中的章节结构分为两部分： **第一部分：基础** - 单页应用程序是什么？ - MV*框架的角色 - 模块化JavaScript **第二部分：核心概念** - 导航单一页面 - 视图组合和布局 - 模块间交互 - 与服务器通信 - 单元测试 - 客户端任务自动化此外，附录中还有具体示例的逐步讲解，XMLHttpRequest API的回顾，以及第七章的服务器设置和总结。通过阅读本书，读者将能够深入理解SPA的工作原理，并具备构建高效、可扩展的SPA应用的能力。

foreword

In 1991, Tim Berners-Lee launched the world’s first website, which ran on a program

he named the WorldWideWeb. Two years later, he would release the source code for

the WorldWideWeb and the world itself would never be the same. You can still see that

first web page at info.cern.ch.

Since 1991, the web has experienced unprecedented popularity. At 24 years old,

it’s still the most widely used technology in the world. It runs on all operating systems,

all hardware platforms, and nearly all mobile devices in some form or fashion. The

program that makes this all possible is the almighty web browser.

Traditionally, web browsers were simply middlemen. They would fetch data from a

server, display it, take data back to the server, and get more data to display. But today’s

web browsers, while still true to the original principals of the web, are far more com-

plex than anyone could ever have imagined back then.

The humble browser has graduated into a full-fledged runtime for applications of

all sizes. These are applications that don’t have to be installed, can be accessed from

anywhere, and run everywhere. This is the holy grail for developers. Being able to

deploy one codebase that runs everywhere and is always up to date is an opportunity

too good to pass up. No other technology can make this boast.

Riding on the success of the web platform is the ubiquity of JavaScript—a language

created in 10 days that’s now the most used programming language in the world.

Developers have embraced JavaScript, and that has opened up doors to new types of

applications that we never would have dreamed possible in a web browser.

These new applications, often called single-page applications (

SPAs), run almost

entirely in the browser, and they introduce a whole new set of principles, patterns, and

problems. The broad appeal of the web has resulted in a Cambrian explosion of Java-

Script and

CSS frameworks; so many that it is daunting at best to try to find the needle

of success in the haystack of frameworks.

Licensed to Mark Watson <nordickan@gmail.com>

FOREWORD

xvi

That, dear reader, is why this book is so important.

For the past four years, I’ve worked at Telerik as a developer advocate focusing on

the Kendo

UI JavaScript library. I’ve watched countless JavaScript frameworks come

and go. The hype reaches critical mass, and then the next big thing shows up, and the

developers who are actually building solutions on these fads are left to pick up the

pieces. It often leaves me wondering when it will settle down and we can focus on the

one “right way” to build this new generation of rich client applications.

The raw truth is that there is no “right way” to do anything. There is only the way

that works for your project and your skill set. There is only the way that makes you

most productive and, ultimately, most successful.

In order to find that way in the world of

SPAs, it’s imperative to understand the fun-

damental principles behind the

SPA concept itself. Learning a framework will not be

sufficient and will ultimately leave you short and wanting more. A deep understanding

of the core concepts on which a successful

SPA rests will enable you to make the right

decisions with confidence and to know how to build the last 20% when your JavaScript

framework of choice takes you only 80% of the way there.

This book will be your guide. It’s for experts and novices alike. While reading it, I

found myself learning basics that I had hastily glossed over, as well as getting new

insight into terminology that I thought I had a good grasp of but only partially (and in

some cases incorrectly) understood. The insight and explanations contained in these

pages are not just academic but also practical and hands-on, showing you how to build

SPA and addressing real-world implementations head-on while discussing relevant

SPA frameworks.

I’m generally skeptical of books that try to tackle a concept as big as that of

SPAs,

but this is one of the few reads that somehow manages to take a very complex topic

and break it down into easily understandable and digestible pieces.

It is without hesitation that I provide my full recommendation for this book—each

and every page.

URKE HOLLAND

DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPER RELATIONS

TELERIK

Licensed to Mark Watson <nordickan@gmail.com>

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