PDFlib开发指南：实现实时PDF生成与语言集成

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"PDFlib开发手册是一份全面的文档，旨在指导开发者在多种编程语言环境下（如C、C++、Cobol、COM、Java、.NET、Objective-C、Perl、PHP、Python、REALbasic/Xojo、RPG、Ruby）实时生成PDF文件。这份手册特别强调了PDFlib的核心功能，包括PDFlib本身，其增强版本PDFlib+PDI，以及PPS模块。它适用于PDFlib 9.0.2版本，是用户理解和应用PDFlib的强大工具。手册涵盖了PDFlib的基本概念，展示了如何利用这个库来创建动态的PDF输出，无论是对于静态文本、图像处理，还是更复杂的排版和交互元素的添加。它提供了详尽的教程，帮助读者逐步掌握从初始化库、创建PDF文档结构到渲染内容和最终输出的整个过程。版权信息显示，PDFlib GmbH是一家享有盛誉的公司，自1997年至2014年期间一直为用户提供服务。用户可以在内部使用打印或数字副本，但复制必须遵守相应的授权协议。公司的联系方式包括位于德国慕尼黑的办公室地址，以及电子邮件和电话支持选项，分别用于解答问题和技术支持请求。对于商业许可证持有者，PDFlib GmbH建议通过support@pdflib.com寻求支持，并要求提供许可证号。此外，手册指出此出版物和其中的信息可能随时更新，不构成任何形式的承诺，并且PDFlib GmbH不对任何错误或不准确性承担责任，也不保证产品在任何方面的适用性或适合特定用途。 PDFlib开发手册是开发人员必备的参考资料，无论你是初次接触PDFlib还是希望深入优化其使用，都能从中找到所需的技术指导和细节信息。"

16 Chapter 1: Introduction

pCOS Cookbook. The pCOS Cookbook is a collection of code fragments for the pCOS in-

terface which is contained in PDFlib+PDI and PPS. The pCOS interface can be used to

query a variety of properties from PDF documents. It is available at the following URL:

www.pdflib.com/pcos-cookbook/

TET Cookbook. PDFlib TET (Text Extraction Toolkit) is a separate product for extracting

text and images from PDF documents. It can be combined with PDFlib+PDI to process

PDF documents based on their contents. The TET Cookbook is a collection of code frag-

ments for TET. It contains a group of samples which demonstrate the combination of

TET and PDFlib+PDI, e.g. add Web links or bookmarks based on the text on the page,

highlight search terms, split documents based on text, create a table of contents, etc.

The TET Cookbook is available at the following URL:

www.pdflib.com/tet-cookbook/

1.2 PDFlib Programming 17

1.2 PDFlib Programming

What is PDFlib? PDFlib is a development component which allows you to generate

files in Adobe’s Portable Document Format (PDF). PDFlib acts as a backend to your own

programs. While the application programmer is responsible for retrieving the data to be

processed, PDFlib takes over the task of generating the PDF output which graphically

represents the data. PDFlib frees you from the internal details of PDF, and offers various

methods which help you formatting the output. The distribution packages contain dif-

ferent products in a single binary:

> PDFlib contains all functions required to create PDF output containing text, vector

graphics and images plus hypertext elements. PDFlib offers powerful formatting

features for placing single- or multi-line text, images, and creating tables.

> PDFlib+PDI includes all PDFlib functions, plus the PDF Import Library (PDI) for in-

cluding pages from existing PDF documents in the generated output, and the pCOS

interface for querying arbitrary PDF objects from an imported document (e.g. list all

fonts on page, query metadata, and many more).

> PDFlib Personalization Server (PPS) includes PDFlib+PDI, plus additional functions

for automatically filling PDFlib blocks. Blocks are placeholders on the page which

can be filled with text, images, or PDF pages. They can be created interactively with

the PDFlib Block Plugin for Adobe Acrobat (OS X or Windows), and will be filled auto-

matically with PPS. The plugin is included in PPS.

How can I use PDFlib? PDFlib is available on a variety of platforms, including Unix,

Windows, OS X, and EBCDIC-based systems such as IBM i5/iSeries and zSeries. PDFlib is

written in the C language, but it can be also accessed from several other languages and

programming environments which are called language bindings. These language bind-

ings cover all current Web and stand-alone application environments. The Application

Programming Interface (API) is easy to learn, and is identical for all bindings. Currently

the following bindings are supported:

> COM for use with VB, ASP with VBScript or JScript, Windows Script Host, etc.

> ANSI C and C++

> Cobol (IBM zSeries)

> Java, including J2EE Servlets and JSP

> .NET for use with C#, VB.NET, ASP.NET, etc.

> Objective-C (OS X, iOS)

> PHP

> Perl

> Python

> REALbasic

> RPG (IBM i5/iSeries)

> Ruby, including Ruby on Rails

What can I use PDFlib for? PDFlib’s primary target is dynamic PDF creation within

your own software or on a Web server. Similar to HTML pages dynamically generated on

a Web server, you can use a PDFlib program for dynamically generating PDF reflecting

user input or some other dynamic data, e.g. data retrieved from the Web server’s data-

base. The PDFlib approach offers several advantages:

> PDFlib can be integrated directly in the application generating the data.

1.3 What’s new in PDFlib/PDFlib+PDI/PPS 9? 19

1.3 What’s new in PDFlib/PDFlib+PDI/PPS 9?

The following list discusses the most important new or improved features in PDFlib/

PDFlib+PDI/PPS 9.0 and Block Plugin 5. There are many more new features; see Table 1.1

and the PDFlib Reference for details.

Create PDF/A-2 and PDF/A-3. PDFlib supports two new parts of the PDF/A standard for

archiving. PDF/A-2 is based on PDF 1.7 and supports transparency, JPEG 2000 compres-

sion, layers, and many other features. While PDF/A-2 allows embedding of PDF/A-1 and

PDF/A-2 documents, PDF/A-3 allows embedding of arbitrary file types.

Create Tagged PDF and PDF/UA. Creating Tagged PDF is much easier through various

convenience features, such as abbreviated tagging and automatic tagging of Artifacts.

PDFlib’s table formatter automatically tags tables. Tagged PDF documents including

structure elements can be imported with PDI.

Accessible documents can be created according to the PDF/UA standard (Universal

Accessibility). PDF/UA is based on PDF 1.7 and improves Tagged PDF for accessibility

similar to WCAG 2.0 (Web Content Accessibility Guidelines) in the Web world.

Create PDF/VT. PDF/VT is a standard for optimized PDF for variable and transactional

printing. PDFlib can create output which conforms to PDF/VT-1, PDF/VT-2 or PDF/VT-2s

according to ISO 16612-2 for Variable Document Printing (VDP). Document Part Metada-

ta (DPM) can be attached according to the PDF/VT standard.

Import Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). PDFlib imports vector graphics in the SVG for-

mat. SVG is the standard format for vector graphics on the Web, and is supported by all

mainstream browsers.

Font handling and text output. PDFlib’s font engine and text processing have been en-

hanced in several ways:

> ideographic variation sequences (IVS) for CJK variant glyphs

> WOFF fonts (Web Open Font Format), a new container format for TrueType and

OpenType fonts specified by the W3C

> SVG fonts, i.e. vector fonts specified in SVG format

> CEF fonts (Compact Embedded Font), a variant of OpenType used for embedding

fonts in SVG graphics

> support for all Unicode normalization forms (NFC, NFKC etc.)

> automatically create UPR font configuration files with all fonts found in an arbitrary

number of directories

Import PDF documents with PDFlib+PDI. The following features are new in the PDF

Import library PDI:

> Tagged PDF documents including structure elements can be imported.

> Layer definitions can be imported.

20 Chapter 1: Introduction

PDFlib Personalization Server (PPS) and Block Plugin. The following features are new

in PPS:

> The new Block type »Graphics« can be used to fill PDFlib Blocks with SVG graphics.

> PDFlib Blocks can not only be filled with PPS, but also imported into the output PDF.

> A few new Block properties have been introduced.

Create PDFlib Blocks programmatically. In addition to creating PDFlib Blocks interac-

tively with the PDFlib Block Plugin, PDFlib Blocks can be created programmatically with

PPS. Existing PDFlib Blocks in imported documents can be copied to the generated PDF

output. These features enable advanced document composition workflows where tem-

plates for PPS can themselves be built programmatically.

PDF Object Creation API (POCA). POCA provides a set of methods for creating low-level

PDF objects which are included in the generated PDF output. POCA can be used for the

following purposes:

> create Document Part Metadata (DPM) for PDF/VT

> programmatically create PDFlib Blocks for use with PPS

> create argument lists for rich media annotations (e.g. Flash)

Embed multimedia content. PDFlib can create rich media annotations with Flash,

Sound, Movie, or 3D content. The multimedia content can be controlled with JavaScript

and PDF actions. The following new multimedia features are available:

> rich media annotations

> rich media execute actions

> Flash-based navigators for custom presentation of PDF portfolios

Enhanced encryption algorithm. PDFlib supports PDF document encryption according

to Acrobat X/XI. This encryption scheme is based on AES-256 and is specified in PDF 1.7

Adobe extension level 8 and PDF 2.0 according to ISO 32000-2.

Other enhancements. The following enhancements have been implemented:

> improvements in the Table and Textflow formatters

> convenience functions for creating path objects with geometric shapes

> enhanced support for importing JPEG 2000 raster images

> query details of files in the PDFlib Virtual Filesystem (PVF)

> Removed most restrictions related to function scopes, e.g. pages, patterns and tem-

plates can now be nested arbitrarily.

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