B anomalies in the nonminimal universal extra dimension model
Jong-Phil Lee
*
Sang-Huh College, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
(Received 19 June 2019; published 2 October 2019)
We investigate B anomalies in the framework of the nonminimal universal extra dimension model.
Newly measured polarization parameters in B → D
ðÞ
τν, P
τ
ðD
ðÞ
Þ, and F
L
ðD
Þ as well as the ratios
RðD
ðÞ
Þ are considered altogether. The Kaluza-Klein modes of the W boson and charged scalar contributes
to the new physics effects. We find that the model parameters fit the global data very well with the
minimum χ
2
=d:o:f. near unity, rendering B
c
→ τν branching ratios to be a few percent. The best-fit values
of RðDÞ and RðD
Þ are still far from (≳2σ) the standard model predictions.
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.075005
I. INTRODUCTION
The standard model (SM) of particle physics has been up
to now very successful in explaining many phenomena in
our Universe. The last missing piece of the SM, the Higgs
particle, was finally discovered in 2012. But there must be
some new physics (NP) beyond the SM. Flavor physics is a
good testing ground for the NP. Recently, some anomalies
were reported in b → c semileptonic decays. The fraction
of the branching ratios
RðD
ðÞ
Þ ≡
BrðB → D
ðÞ
τνÞ
BrðB → D
ðÞ
lνÞ
ð1Þ
reveals an excess over the SM predictions [1],
RðDÞ
SM
¼ 0.299 0.003;
RðD
Þ
SM
¼ 0.258 0.005: ð2Þ
Experiments including BABAR, Belle, and LHCb have
reported somewhat larger values of RðD
ðÞ
Þ than those of
Eq. (2) by about 2σ ∼ 3σ [2–11]. Recently, the Belle
Collaboration announced new results [9],
RðDÞ
Belle1904
¼ 0.307 0.037 0.016;
RðD
Þ
Belle1904
¼ 0.283 0.018 0.014; ð3Þ
which are closer to Eq. (2) than the previous data and
consistent with the SM within 1.2σ. Combined results for
all data by the Heavy Flavor Averaging Group (HFLAV)
Collaboration [12],
RðDÞ
HFLAV
¼ 0.340 0.027 0.013;
RðD
Þ
HFLAV
¼ 0.295 0.011 0.008; ð4Þ
give a discrepancy between the SM predictions and
experimental data at the 3.08σ level. The BABAR mea-
surements [2,3] exclude at the 99.8% confidence level the
type-II two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) where a charged
Higgs boson contributes to RðD
ðÞ
Þ, while the Belle
measurements [4] are compatible with the type-II
2HDM. It was shown that an anomalous τ coupling to
the charged Higgs in the 2HDM can explain the data very
well [13]. In extra dimension models the overlapping
between the wave functions of τ and the neutral scalar
could be weak to make τ screened from the scalar vacuum,
resulting in an enhancement of τ couplings to charged
Higgs. For discussions in the 2HDM, see Refs. [14–19].
There are many other NP scenarios to explain the RðD
ðÞ
Þ
anomaly, including leptoquark models [20–26], composite
models [27–30], warped extra dimensions [31–34], etc.
[35–37].
On top of the ratio RðD
ðÞ
Þ the Belle Collaboration
measured the relevant polarizations in B → D
ðÞ
τν decays.
One can consider observable parameters associated with D
as well as τ. The τ-polarization asymmetry is defined as
P
τ
ðD
ðÞ
Þ ≡
Γ
D
ðÞ
τ
ðþÞ − Γ
D
ðÞ
τ
ð−Þ
Γ
D
ðÞ
τ
ðþÞ þ Γ
D
ðÞ
τ
ð−Þ
; ð5Þ
where Γ
D
ðÞ
τ
ðÞ is the decay width for ðÞτ helicity. The
SM predictions are [38,39]
*
jongphil7@gmail.com
Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of
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3
.
PHYSICAL REVIEW D 100, 075005 (2019)
2470-0010=2019=100(7)=075005(10) 075005-1 Published by the American Physical Society