低功耗蓝牙5.0驱动的18V/600W BLDC电机控制参考设计

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该设计文档(TIDA-01516)详细介绍了一款专为工业应用，如电动工具设计的高性能系统，它利用了低功耗蓝牙® 5.0技术。核心组件是CC2640R2F单片机，集成了蓝牙模块，实现了无线连接的高效性和稳定性。设计采用18伏特(18VDC)供电，支持高达600瓦的三相无刷直流电机（BLDC）控制。该参考设计的特点包括： 1. **无线连接**：基于蓝牙5.0 SimpleLink™，提供了工业级别的抗干扰能力和更远的通信范围，同时降低了能耗，这对于电池供电设备来说尤为重要。 2. **电机控制**：通过单个MCU实现梯形控制，使得控制更为简洁，减少了电路板复杂度，从而降低物料清单(BOM)成本和总体成本。 3. **射频性能**：设计展示了卓越的射频接收灵敏度，即使在驱动高功率电机时也能达到–96分贝毫瓦(RX灵敏度)，显示出出色的射频性能稳定性。 4. **安全防护**：集成有过流和短路保护机制，通过MOSFET V DS检测来确保电机安全运行，防止意外损坏。 5. **硬件组件**：文档提到了关键硬件组件，如CSD88584Q5DC、DRV8323、LMT87-Q1、TPS709等，它们分别负责不同的功能，如信号处理、电源管理、霍尔传感器控制等。 6. **接口兼容性**：设计支持SPI接口，便于与其他外部设备通信，同时提供了3.3伏特(PWM)、霍尔信号输入以及GPIO，以满足多种功能需求。 7. **产品资料**：文档附件包含了相关的CSD88584Q5DC、DRV8323等产品的详细资料，方便用户了解和应用。 8. **版权信息**：此设计出自Texas Instruments Inc.，2017年发布，提供了完整的版权声明和在线技术支持链接。 TIDA-01516是一款实用的单MCU、低功耗BLDC电机控制系统，结合了蓝牙5.0的优势，旨在提升工业应用中的无线控制性能和设备可靠性。通过其设计与组件选择，该参考设计为电动工具制造商提供了一个经济且高效的解决方案。

System Overview

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ZHCU327–November 2017

TIDUDK8 — http://www-s.ti.com/sc/techlit/TIDUDK8

采用低功耗

Bluetooth

5.0

的单

MCU

、

18V/600W BLDC

电机控制参考设计

The I/O controller controls the digital I/O pins and contains multiplexer circuitry to allow a set of peripherals

to be assigned to I/O pins in a flexible manner. All digital I/Os are interrupt and wake-up capable, have a

programmable pullup and pulldown function, and can generate an interrupt on a negative or positive edge

(configurable).

General peripherals and modules include the following:

• The synchronous serial interfaces (SSIs) are synchronous serial interfaces that are compatible with

SPI, MICROWIRE, and Texas Instruments' SSIs. The SSIs support both SPI master and slave up to 4

MHz.

• The UART implements a universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter function and supports

flexible baud rate generation up to a maximum of 3 Mbps.

• Timer 0 is a general-purpose timer module (GPTM), which provides two 16-bit timers. The GPTM can

be configured to operate as a single 32-bit timer, dual 16-bit timers, or as a PWM module. Timer 1,

Timer 2, and Timer 3 are also GPTMs. Each of these timers is functionally equivalent to Timer 0.

• In addition to these four timers, the RF core has its own timer to handle timing for RF protocols; the RF

timer can be synchronized to the RTC.

• The I

C interface capable of 100-kHz and 400-kHz operation and can serve as both I

C master and I

slave.

• The TRNG module provides a true, non-deterministic noise source for the purpose of generating keys,

initialization vectors (IVs), and other random number requirements.

• The watchdog timer is used to regain control if the system fails due to a software error after an external

device fails to respond as expected.

2.2.4 TPS709

The TPS709 linear regulator is an ultra-low, quiescent current device designed for power-sensitive

applications. The LDO can work up to a 30-V input voltage, which makes it ideal for a five-cell Li-ion

battery supply application. A precision band-gap and error amplifier provides 2% accuracy over

temperature. A quiescent current of only 1 µA makes this LDO ideal for battery-powered, always-on

systems that require very little idle-state power dissipation. This device has thermal-shutdown, current-

limit, and reverse-current protections for added safety. The TPS709 linear regulator is available in WSON-

6 and SOT-23-5 packages.

2.2.5 LMT87-Q1

The LMT87-Q1 is a precision CMOS integrated-circuit temperature sensor with an analog output voltage

that is linearly and inversely proportional to temperature. The sensor can operate down to a 2.7-V supply

with 5.4-µA power consumption. Package options including through-hole TO-92 package allows the

LMT87-Q1 to be mounted onboard, off-board, to a heat sink, or on multiple unique locations. The LMT87-

Q1 has accuracy specified in the operating range of −50°C to +150°C.

2.2.6 TPD1E10B06

The TPD1E10B06 device is a single-channel electrostatic discharge (ESD) transient voltage suppression

(TVS) diode in a small 0402 package. This TVS protection product offers ±30-kV contact ESD, ±30-kV

IEC air-gap protection, and has an ESD clamp circuit with a back-to-back TVS diode for bipolar or

bidirectional signal support. Typical applications of this ESD protection product are circuit protection for

general-purpose I/O ports.

( ) ( )

max max

DC ADC _ DC

300 k 2000 k 300 k 2000 k

3.3 25.3 V

300 k 300 k

V V

W + W W + W

= ´ = ´ =

W W

0.1µF

C11

GND

DC_FB

PVDD

0.1µF

C12

470µF

300k

30V

SMAJ58CA

www.ti.com.cn

System Overview

ZHCU327–November 2017

TIDUDK8 — http://www-s.ti.com/sc/techlit/TIDUDK8

采用低功耗

Bluetooth

5.0

的单

MCU

、

18V/600W BLDC

电机控制参考设计

2.3 System Design Theory

The three-phase BLDC motor needs a three-phase electronic drive to energize the motor based on the

rotor position. The electronic drive in this reference design consists of the following:

• Power stage with a three-phase inverter having the required power capability

• MCU to implement the motor control algorithm and having Bluetooth low energy capability

• Position sensor for accurate motor current commutation

• Gate driver for driving the three-phase inverter

• Power supply to power up the MCU

2.3.1 Power Stage Design—Battery Power Input to the Board

图 3 shows the section for the battery power input. The input bulk aluminum electrolytic capacitors C6 and

C7 provide the ripple current, and its voltage rating is de-rated by 20% for better life. These capacitors are

rated to carry high-ripple current. C11 is used as a high-frequency bypass capacitor. D1 is the TVS having

a breakdown voltage of 30 V.

图图 3. Schematic of Battery Power Input Section

The input supply voltage PVDD is scaled using the resistive divider network, which consists of R3, R5 and

C12, and fed to the MCU. Considering the maximum voltage for the MCU ADC input as 3.3 V, the

maximum DC input voltage measurable by the MCU is calculated as in 公式 1:

(1)

Considering 15% headroom for this value, the maximum recommended voltage input to the system is 25.3

× 0.85 = 21.5. So for a power stage with maximum operating voltage of 21 V, this voltage feedback

resistor divider is ideal. Also, this choice gives optimal ADC resolution for a system operating from 6 V to

21 V.

2 2

RMS SENSE

Power loss in the resistor I R 35 0.0005 0.6125 W= ´ = ´ =

10.0

R25

10.0

R26

GND

SL_A

SL_B

SL_C

SN1

SP1

0.001

R23

0.001

R24

GH_A

SH_A

GL_A

SL_A

PVDD

SL_A

PVDD

2.2µF

C40

VSW

PGND

VIN

CSD88599Q5DC

System Overview

www.ti.com.cn

ZHCU327–November 2017

TIDUDK8 — http://www-s.ti.com/sc/techlit/TIDUDK8

采用低功耗

Bluetooth

5.0

的单

MCU

、

18V/600W BLDC

电机控制参考设计

2.3.2 Power Stage Design—Three-Phase Inverter

The three-phase inverter is realized using three MOSFET power blocks. Each power block consists of two

MOSFETs connected as a high-side and low-side FET, which can be used as one leg of the inverter. 图 4

shows one leg of the power stage. This stage consists of one power block and the decoupling capacitor

C40 placed close across power blocks to reduce the ringing in the supply lines because of the parasitic

inductance added by the sense resistor and the power track.

图图 4. Schematic of One Half Bridge of Three-Phase MOSFET Inverter

注注: Connect the decoupling capacitors very near to the corresponding MOSFET legs for better

decoupling. An improper layout or position of the decoupling capacitors can cause undesired

switching voltage spikes.

The design measures DC bus current using the shunt resistors R23 and R24 mounted on the DC bus

return path, as shown in 图 5. The sensed currents are fed to the MCU through the current shunt

amplifiers .

图图 5. Schematic of External Shunt for Current Sensing

Power dissipation in sense resistors and the input offset error voltage of the op amps are important in

selecting the sense resistance values. The sense resistors are designed to carry a maximum continuous

RMS current of 35 A with a peak current of 60 A for 2 seconds. A high sense resistance value increases

the power loss in the resistors. The internal current shunt amplifiers of the DRV8323 have an input offset

error of 4 mV. The DRV8323 has the DC offset voltage calibration feature. In case the amplifier is used

without offset calibration, it is required to select the sense resistor such that the sense voltage across the

resistor is sufficiently higher than the offset error voltage to reduce the effect of the offset error. Selecting

a 0.5-mΩ resistor as the sense resistor, the power loss in the resistor at 35-A

RMS

is given by 公式 2:

(2)

At a 60-A peak current, using 公式 2, the power loss in the resistor = 1.8 W (for 2 seconds). This

reference design uses two 1-mΩ, 3-W resistors in parallel.

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