STM32L083: 超低功耗32位MCU，全面技术规格

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STM32L083是一款由意法半导体（STMicroelectronics）生产的超低功耗32位微控制器（MCU），基于ARM Cortex-M0+架构。这款产品针对需要极高能源效率和宽温范围应用设计，特别适合电池供电设备或对功耗敏感的工业级设备。该芯片的核心特性包括： 1. 功耗极低：工作电压范围广泛，从1.65V至3.6V，可在-40℃到125℃的极端温度下稳定运行。在待机模式下，仅消耗0.29μA，当使用唤醒引脚时降至0.43μA，而停机模式（包含RTC和20KB RAM保留）功耗可降低至0.86μA。运行模式下的功耗最低可达93μA/MHz，具有快速的5μs唤醒时间，以及12位ADC转换速度高达10ksps时的41μA电流。 2. CPU性能：内置ARM Cortex-M0+内核，最高频率可达32MHz，提供了0.95 DMIPS/MHz的处理能力。它还配备了内存管理单元（MPU），支持高效的数据处理和内存保护。 3. 电源管理和重置选项：设计了超安全的低功耗 brownout reset 功能，具有5个可编程阈值；此外，还包括低功耗上电/掉电复位（POR/PDR）和可编程电压检测器（PVD），确保系统在电源变化时的稳定启动。 4. 时钟源多样化：支持1到25MHz的外部晶体振荡器，以及用于RTC的32kHz振荡器，内置工厂校准的高速16MHz RC振荡器精度达到±1%。此外，还有低功耗的37kHz、65kHz到4.2MHz的多速内部RC振荡器，以及48MHz RC振荡器的自校准功能，确保精确的时间和频率控制。 5. 配备丰富的外设接口：STM32L083集成了LCD接口，便于图形显示；USB接口实现数据传输和供电；以及模拟-to-digital converter (ADC) 和 digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 用于信号转换，支持高级加密标准（AES）功能，确保数据安全。 STM32L083是一款专为低功耗、高性能、宽温环境设计的嵌入式微控制器，它的高效能、低功耗和丰富的功能使其在物联网、智能家居、工业自动化等领域有广泛应用潜力。对于开发者来说，这款芯片是构建低成本、电池续航能力强的解决方案的理想选择。

Functional overview STM32L083xx

16/139 DocID027070 Rev 3

Table 3. Functionalities depending on the operating power supply range

Operating power

supply range

Functionalities depending on the operating power supply range

DAC and ADC

operation

Dynamic

voltage scaling

range

I/O operation USB

= 1.65 to 1.71 V

ADC only,

conversion time

up to 570 ksps

Range 2 or

range 3

Degraded speed

performance

Not functional

= 1.71 to 1.8 V

(1)

1. CPU frequency changes from initial to final must respect "fcpu initial <4*fcpu final". It must also respect 5

μs delay between two changes. For example to switch from 4.2 MHz to 32 MHz, you can switch from 4.2

MHz to 16 MHz, wait 5 μs, then switch from 16 MHz to 32 MHz.

ADC only,

conversion time

up to 1.14 Msps

Range 1, range 2

or range 3

Degraded speed

performance

Functional

(2)

= 1.8 to 2.0 V

(1)

Conversion time

up to 1.14 Msps

Range1, range 2

or range 3

Degraded speed

performance

Functional

(2)

= 2.0 to 2.4 V

Conversion time

up to

1.14 Msps

Range 1, range 2

or range 3

Full speed operation Functional

(2)

2. To be USB compliant from the I/O voltage standpoint, the minimum V

DD_USB

is 3.0 V.

= 2.4 to 3.6 V

Conversion time

up to

1.14 Msps

Range 1, range 2

or range 3

Full speed operation Functional

(2)

Table 4. CPU frequency range depending on dynamic voltage scaling

CPU frequency range Dynamic voltage scaling range

16 MHz to 32 MHz (1ws)

32 kHz to 16 MHz (0ws)

Range 1

8 MHz to 16 MHz (1ws)

32 kHz to 8 MHz (0ws)

Range 2

32 kHz to 4.2 MHz (0ws) Range 3

Functional overview STM32L083xx

20/139 DocID027070 Rev 3

3.3 ARM

Cortex

-M0+ core with MPU

The Cortex-M0+ processor is an entry-level 32-bit ARM Cortex processor designed for a

broad range of embedded applications. It offers significant benefits to developers, including:

 a simple architecture that is easy to learn and program

 ultra-low power, energy-efficient operation

 excellent code density

 deterministic, high-performance interrupt handling

 upward compatibility with Cortex-M processor family

 platform security robustness, with integrated Memory Protection Unit (MPU).

The Cortex-M0+ processor is built on a highly area and power optimized 32-bit processor

core, with a 2-stage pipeline Von Neumann architecture. The processor delivers exceptional

energy efficiency through a small but powerful instruction set and extensively optimized

design, providing high-end processing hardware including a single-cycle multiplier.

The Cortex-M0+ processor provides the exceptional performance expected of a modern 32-

bit architecture, with a higher code density than other 8-bit and 16-bit microcontrollers.

Owing to its embedded ARM core, the STM32L083xx are compatible with all ARM tools and

software.

Nested vectored interrupt controller (NVIC)

The ultra-low-power STM32L083xx embed a nested vectored interrupt controller able to

handle up to 32 maskable interrupt channels and 4 priority levels.

The Cortex-M0+ processor closely integrates a configurable Nested Vectored Interrupt

Controller (NVIC), to deliver industry-leading interrupt performance. The NVIC:

 includes a Non-Maskable Interrupt (NMI)

 provides zero jitter interrupt option

 provides four interrupt priority levels

The tight integration of the processor core and NVIC provides fast execution of Interrupt

Service Routines (ISRs), dramatically reducing the interrupt latency. This is achieved

through the hardware stacking of registers, and the ability to abandon and restart load-

multiple and store-multiple operations. Interrupt handlers do not require any assembler

wrapper code, removing any code overhead from the ISRs. Tail-chaining optimization also

significantly reduces the overhead when switching from one ISR to another.

To optimize low-power designs, the NVIC integrates with the sleep modes, that include a

deep sleep function that enables the entire device to enter rapidly stop or standby mode.

This hardware block provides flexible interrupt management features with minimal interrupt

latency.

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