Pentaho Kettle 数据集成服务器安装指南

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"kettle install" Kettle，全称Pentaho Data Integration，是一款开源的数据集成工具，也被称为ETL（Extract, Transform, Load）工具。它允许用户从各种数据源抽取、转换和加载数据到目标系统，适用于数据清洗、转换、整合等任务。在安装Kettle时，首先你需要确保你的系统满足Kettle的最低硬件和软件要求。通常，这包括一个支持Java运行环境（JRE或JDK）的操作系统，如Windows、Linux或macOS。Kettle的安装过程相对简单，主要包括以下几个步骤： 1. **下载Kettle**: 访问Pentaho的官方网站或GitHub仓库，找到最新版本的Kettle（又称Spoon）进行下载。通常，你会找到一个zip或tar.gz的压缩包文件。 2. **解压Kettle**: 下载完成后，解压缩文件到你希望安装的位置。这个位置可以根据个人偏好设定，但最好选择一个方便访问且不影响系统性能的地方。 3. **配置Java环境**: 确保你的系统已经安装了JRE或JDK，并且`JAVA_HOME`环境变量已经设置正确。Kettle依赖Java运行，所以这个步骤是必不可少的。 4. **运行Kettle**: 在Kettle解压目录下，找到并运行Spoon的可执行文件，通常名为`spoon.sh`（在Linux/Mac环境下）或`spoon.bat`（在Windows环境下）。通过命令行启动或双击执行文件即可打开Kettle界面。 5. **创建DI Repository**: 如果你打算使用自己的数据集成（DI）仓库，你可以通过Kettle的内置数据库连接向导来创建和连接到你的仓库。这通常是一个用于存储转换和工作流元数据的数据库。 6. **安装插件**: Kettle有一个丰富的插件生态系统，允许用户扩展其功能。你可以从Pentaho Marketplace或第三方资源下载插件，然后按照指示进行安装。 7. **配置调度和监控**: 如果你需要自动化Kettle作业的执行或监控其运行状态，可以使用Pentaho的Job Executor和Pan Server，这些组件可以帮助你计划、管理和监视你的ETL流程。 8. **学习和文档**: 官方文档是理解Kettle的强大资源，它提供了详细的步骤指南、示例和最佳实践。如果你在使用过程中遇到问题，可以查阅文档或联系Pentaho的技术支持代表。 9. **社区支持**: 除了官方文档，Kettle还有一个活跃的社区，用户可以在论坛、邮件列表和Stack Overflow等平台寻求帮助，共享解决方案和最佳实践。请记住，Kettle的安装和配置可能因具体版本和操作系统而略有不同，所以始终参考最新的官方文档以获取最准确的信息。在安装和使用过程中，如果遇到任何问题，不要犹豫通过Pentaho的客户支持门户提交问题。对于进一步的教育和培训，还可以查看Pentaho提供的讲师引导的培训课程。

| Prepare Environment | 6

Prepare Environment

To prepare the computer on which you plan to install the DI Server, complete these tasks.

• Create a pentaho user account.

• Install the DI Repository database. If you already have a database installed, skip this task.

• Download and unpack the installation files.

• Install Java JRE or JDK.

• Set environment variables.

• Adjust PostgreSQL Memory for Mac OS.

Create User Account

Create Windows User Account

If you plan to install on a server that runs Windows, you do not need to create a special user account on the server.

However, you should use an account that has administrator privileges to complete the tasks in this section.

Create Linux User Account

If you plan to install the DI Server in a Linux environment you must create a user account named pentaho on the server

computer. By default, license information for Pentaho products is stored in the home directory for this account. Use this

account to perform installation tasks that do not require root access. Also, use this account to run start and stop server

scripts.

1. Open a Terminal window on the server. If you plan to install the DI Server on a remote computer, establish an

OpenSSH session to the remote server.

2. In the Terminal window, log in as the root user by typing this command.

su root

3. When prompted, type the password in the Terminal window.

4. In the Terminal window, create a new user account called pentaho, along with the pentaho home directory, by

typing this line.

sudo useradd -s /bin/bash -m pentaho

Note: /bin/bash indicates that the user account should be created using the Bash shell. In many Linux

distributions, the default new user shell is /bin/sh or some equivalent, such as Dash, that might not use the

~/.bashrc configuration file by default. If you don't have or want to use Bash, adjust the instructions throughout

this section accordingly.

5. In the Terminal window, assign a password for the pentaho user by typing this line.

sudo passwd pentaho

6. Verify that you can log in using the newly-created pentaho user account.

a) In the Terminal window, attempt to log in by typing this line.

su pentaho -

b) Type the password for the pentaho user account if you are prompted.

c) Use the Terminal window to navigate to the pentaho directory to verify that it has been created. By default, it is in

the /home directory.

| Prepare Environment | 7

d) Close the Terminal window.

Create Directory Structure

Create Windows Directory Structure

1. Log into the machine on which you will run the DI Server.

2. Create this directory path.

pentaho/server

3. Verify that you have the appropriate permissions to read, write, and execute commands in the directories you

created.

a) Open Windows Explorer and right-click the pentaho directory.

b) Select the Properties option in the security tab to verify that you have read, write, and execute permissions.

c) In Windows Explorer navigate to server directory, then right-click.

d) Select the Properties option in the security tab to verify that you have read, write, and execute permissions.

e) In Windows Explorer and navigate to the data-integration-server directory and right-click it.

f) Select the properties option in the security tab to verify that you have read, write, and execute permissions.

Create Linux Directory Structure

1. Log into the machine on which you will run the DI Server. Make sure that you are logged in as the pentaho user.

2. Create this directory path from home directory (pentaho).

pentaho/server

3. Verify that you have the appropriate permissions to read, write, and execute commands in the directories you

created.

a) In Linux check the permissions of the pentaho, server, and data-integration-server directories by

opening a Terminal window, navigating to the pentaho directory, then typing this command.

ls -ld ../pentaho ../pentaho/server

b) Make sure that permissions for the directories allow you to read, write, and execute in those directories.

Install the DI Repository Database

The DI Repository houses data needed for Pentaho tools to provide scheduling and security functions, as well as

metadata and models for reports that you create.

You can choose to host the DI Repository on the PostgreSQL, MySQL, or Oracle database. By default, Pentaho

software is configured to use the PostgreSQL Database. If you already have a DI Repository database installed, you

can skip this step.

1. To download and install the DI Repository database, use the instructions in the documentation for the database of

your choice. It does not matter where you install the database.

2. Verify that the DI Repository database is installed correctly. You can do this by connecting to your database and

viewing the contents of any default databases that might have been created upon installation. Consult the user

documentation for the database that you installed for further details.

Note: If you are not familiar with SQL, consider using a visual database design tool to connect to the database and

view its contents.

• PGAdminIII is bundled with PostgreSQL.

• MySQL Workbench can be used with MySQL. It is available as a separate download. Check the MySQL site for

details on how to obtain this design tool.

• Oracle SQL Developer can be used with Oracle. It is available as a separate download. Check the Oracle site for

details on how to obtain this design tool.

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