第 2 1 卷 第 1 期
2014年 2 月
工程设计学报
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design
Vol. 21 No. 1
Feb. 2014
DOI:10. 3785/j. issn. 1006-754X. 2014. 01. 012
小型制冷压缩机吸气阀的流固耦合分析和优化研究
郑传祥S 李 蓉 1,王 亮 S 魏宗新S 刘远峰2
(1.浙江大学化工机械研究所,浙江杭州310027; 2.杭州钱江压缩机有限公司研发部,浙江杭州310013)
摘 要 :为了优化压缩机的制冷量、功率、噪音和寿命,以研究无升程限制器的吸气阀运动规律为目标,确立数值模
拟和物理试验相互佐证寻求最佳阀片结构的基本思路.将制冷剂的流动场和阀组构成的结构场耦合起来模拟阀片
的运动,利用ADINA流固耦合模块(fluid-structure mteraCt10n,FSI),基于流体质量、动量、热量守恒定律和平板振
动模型,得到了吸气过程中的阀片位移、缸内压力、吸气速度及阀片与阀座接触力的时程变化曲线. 分析了阀片设
计参数对其动态响应的影响,发现减小厚度可以优化压缩机性能,根据最大有效流通面积准则,得到了 WS75YV
型号压缩机的吸气阀最小即最优厚度.欧拉坐标系下制冷剂的速度分布及气缸内温度随时间的变化过程的模拟结
果表明,压缩机吸气过程存在过热现象. 采用第二制冷剂量热计法测量压缩机的制冷量、电机功率和其比值(coeffi-
cent of pefrmam eCOP),对比压缩机性能的理论和模拟计算值,证明流固耦合模拟方法可行,基于此对压缩机
进行设计和优化是可靠的.
关键词:压缩机;吸气阀;流固耦合;优化设计
中图分类号:TH 457 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-754X(2014)01-0068-07
Fluid-structure interaction analysis and optimization study of
suction valves in small refrigeration compressors
ZHEN G Chuan-xiang1,LI Rong1,W AN G Liang1,W EI Zong-xm1,LIU Yuan-feng2
(1. Institute of Chemical Machinery,Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027,China;
2. Department of Research & Development,Hangzhou Qianjiang Compressor Co. , Ltd.,Hangzhou 310013,China)
Abstract : T o optimize the capacity, power, noise and life of the compressor via studying the motion
law of suction valves w ithout lift lim iters,a basic idea of corroborating numerical simulations and
physical tests was established. The refrigerant flow fie ld and the valve structure field were cou
pled together to analog valves movement. A D IN A FSI (fluid-structure interaction) module was
used to get the valve displacement,cylinder pressure,suction speed and valve seat contact force
during inhalation,based on fluid mass,momentum,energy conservation laws and the tablet -vibra
tion model. Analysis of the valve design parameters tmpacting on its dynamic response shows that
reducing the thickness of valves can optimize the compressor’s performance. Based on the maxi
mum effective flow area criterion,the smallest and optimal thickness of the suction valve in
WS75YV compressor is found. The simulation results of the velocity distribution of the refriger
ant under Eulerian coordinate and cylinder temperature during inhalation show that the phenome
non of overheating exist. Capacity of the compressor,motor power,and the ratio COP (coefficient
of performance) were measuredby the second refrigerant calorimeter method. A fter comparing
theory and sim ulationvalues,we can conclude that FSI method is feasible and compressors de
signed or optimized by FSI are reliable.
Key words : compressor ; suction valve ; fluid-structure interaction ; optimization design
收稿日期 :2013-06-28. 本刊网址• 在线期刊:http://www. journals, zju. edu. cn/gcsjxb
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(11172052).
作者简介:郑传祥(1971—) ,男,浙江杭州人,教授,博士,从事化工过程机械研究,E-mail:zhchx@zju. edu. cn.