UL758第三版：安全规范更新，含半导体聚合物与阻燃等级提升

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"UL758-ULStandardforSafetyforApplianceWiringMaterial,2014最新版插书签.pdf" UL758是美国国家标准化组织(ANSI)和美国保险商实验室(UL)发布的一项关于家用和类似用途电线材料的安全标准。2014年发布的第三版对之前的版本进行了多项重要更新，旨在提高电器内部电线的安全性和可靠性。以下是第三版的主要变更内容： 1. **铜铝接触限制**：第三版明确指出铜和铝不能直接接触，例如在裸露的铜地线与铝箔麦拉屏蔽之间，必须避免直接接触。这是因为铜和铝之间的电化学反应可能导致腐蚀，影响连接的稳定性和安全性。 2. **公制截面导体的电阻要求**：标准增加了对公制截面导体电阻的规定，将不同规格的导体按截面积划分，并与国际电工委员会(IEC)、中国国家标准(GB)和日本电气技术协会(JET)等标准保持一致。这确保了全球范围内的电线产品具有可比性，同时提高了能效和安全标准。 3. **阻燃等级的增强**：新版标准增加了IEC 60332-1和IEC 60332-2的阻燃等级要求，这意味着电线材料必须达到更高的阻燃级别，以降低火灾风险。这些测试确保了材料在火焰条件下能提供更好的保护。 4. **半导体聚合物的定义**： UL 758第三版中，新增了对半导体聚合物材料的定义，明确了其在绝缘和护套中的应用。条款5.9明确表示，半导体聚合物层的性能评估不在本标准范围内，可能需要参考其他专门针对这类材料的标准进行评估。 5. **卷装电缆尺寸和取样规定**：更新的内容还包括卷装电缆的尺寸控制和取样方法，以确保产品质量的均匀性和一致性。这有助于制造商在生产过程中实现更精确的质量控制。 6. **新材料和标记要求**：标准中加入了新的300°C材料——Epitaxial Co-Crystalized Alloy (ECA) Perfluoropolymer用于绝缘和护套，修订了Table 7.1和Table 7.5。此外，还规定了导体材料在标签上的标记（51.2(e)），以及对于金属丝导体的标记要求（51.2(d)）。 UL758第三版的发布强化了电线材料的安全标准，涵盖了从材料选择、性能要求到测试方法等多个方面，以确保家用电器和类似设备的电线材料符合最新的安全规范，保护用户的生命财产安全。

Table 3.7 Continued

Heat Shock Test (Thermoplastic materials only), Section 22.

Cold Bend Test, Section 23.

Durability of Ink- Print Test, Section 27.

Horizontal Flame Test for Internal Wiring, Section 40.

VW-1 Flame Test (required for external use), Section 42.

*Cables covered by this table contain no current-carrying parts.

Table 3.8

Single- and multiple-conductor cable employing a non-extruded covering as the outermost layer

Conductors:

Material See Conductor, Section 5

Size See Conductor, Section 5

Insulated conductors:

Material See Insulation, Section 7

Thickness See Insulation, Section 7

Shield: See Shield(s), Section 11

Covering:

Material See Coverings, Section 8

Markings: See Surface Marking of AWM, Section 50, and Markings on Tag, Reel, or Carton,

Section 51

Basic tests:

Insulated conductors tested in accordance with Tables 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, or 3.5.

Flexibility Test, Section 21.

Cold Bend Test, Section 23.

Durability of Ink-Print Test, Section 27.

Horizontal Flame Test for Internal Wiring, Section 40.

Elective tests/ratings: See Table 3.9.

Laminated ?at ribbon cable is covered in Table 3.5.

Table 3.9

Elective tests and ratings

Flame tests: VW-1 Flame Test, Section 42.

FT-1 Flame Test, Section 43.

FT-2 Flame Test, Section 44.

IEC 60332-1 Flame Test, Section 45.

IEC 60332-2 Flame Test, Section 46.

Mechanical test: Crush Resistance Test, Section 28.

Sunlight resistance test: Physical Properties, Sunlight Resistance, Section 17.

Oil and gasoline resistance tests: Physical Properties, Oil Immersion Aging, Section 15.

Physical Properties, Gasoline Conditioning, Section 16.

Wet ratings tests: Temperature Correction Factor (Wet Rated AWM), Section 37.

MAY 5, 2014APPLIANCE WIRING MATERIAL - UL 75812

Table 3.9 Continued on Next Page

Table 3.9 Continued

Capacitance and Relative Permittivity Tests (Wet Rated AWM),

Section 38.

Short Term Insulation-Resistance Test in Water at Room

Temperature (Wet Rated AWM), Section 35, required for all

wet rated wires.

Long Term Insulation-Resistance Test in Water at Elevated

Temperature (Wet Rated AWM), Section 36, at 50°Ｃrequired

for wires rated 60°Ｃwet.

Long Term Insulation-Resistance Test in Water at Elevated

Temperature (Wet Rated AWM), Section 36, at 75°Ｃrequired

for wires rated 75°Ｃwet.

Long Term Insulation-Resistance Test in Water at Elevated

Temperature (Wet Rated AWM), Section 36, at 90°Ｃrequired

for wires rated 90°Ｃwet.

Long Term Insulation-Resistance Test in Water at Elevated

Temperature (Wet Rated AWM), Section 36, at 100°Ｃrequired

for wires rated 100°Ｃwet.

4 Materials

4.1 Each material used in AWM shall be compatible with all of the other materials used in the wire or

cable.

4.2 Due to possible incompatibility, TPE materials of the styrenic type may not be suitable for use in cords

whereby direct contact with PVC may occur. A separator is one acceptable means of avoiding direct

contact. Other combinations of materials which could be incompatible, if any, are as yet undetected.

4.3 Due to possible incompatibility, uncoated copper, copper alloy, copper-clad aluminum, copper-clad

steel, or other components with uncoated copper on the outer surface shall not be used in wire or cable

whereby direct contact with aluminum may occur. A separator is one acceptable means of avoiding direct

contact, or the copper components shall be metal-coated.

4.3 effective September 3, 2014

5 Conductor

5.1 General

5.1.1 A conductor consisting of a single wire is designated as a solid conductor, while one consisting of

a number of individual wires is designated as a stranded conductor. The American Wire Gauge (AWG)

numbers, the kcmil (thousands of circular mils) sizes, and the square-millimeter sizes each signify a

de?nite nominal total cross-sectional area (see Table 5.1 or Table 5.2) independent of the conductor

material. The individual wires used in making up a stranded conductor are not required to correspond to

any particular AWG or other standard gauge size. A tinsel conductor consists of a number of strands,

twisted together, a portion of, or all strands being composed of one or more ?attened wires of copper or

copper alloy, helically wound on a ?brous polymeric thread. A conductor with a tubular cross-section and

uniform wall thickness shall be of copper, and may be metal coated. A bus bar conductor consists of a

single bar, or two or more bars stacked to form two or more layers, with each bar of solid rectangular

cross-section with two plane, parallel surfaces and round or other simple regularly shaped edges. Fibrous

yarns impregnated or coated with metal or other conductive materials may be used as a conductor, or may

be assembled with other types of conductor strands to form a conductor. A carbon ?ber ?lament conductor

consists of a number of carbon ?bers twisted together to form the conductor and the carbon ?bers may be

metal coated. A resistance wire is a conductor material used in products primarily as the source of heat

MAY 5, 2014 APPLIANCE WIRING MATERIAL - UL 758 13

based on a designed resistance per unit length. A magnet wire conductor shall consist of an enameled

single conductor or an assembly of individually enameled wires which may be assembled or twisted

together with an overall covering of ?lm ?ber, tape, or extruded compound to form a Litz wire. The magnet

wire conductor shall have a minimum temperature rating of the AWM and be evaluated in accordance with

the requirements in the Standard for Systems of Insulation Materials –General, UL 1446. The size of a

conductor composed of or containing conductive ?brous yarns and resistance wires including carbon ?ber

?lament conductors, a conductor of a tubular shape, or a bus bar conductor, and a magnet wire conductor

shall be determined by conductor resistance described in 5.6.1. The circular mil area (CMA) of a

rectangular conductor shall be determined from the formula:

average width (mils) X average thickness (mils) X 1.273

The AWG size can then be determined using Table 5.1.

5.1.1 effective September 3, 2014

Table 5.1

Conductor dimensions

Size of

conductor,

Diameter of solid conductor Cross-sectional area of stranded conductor

Nominal, Minimum, Nominal, Minimum,

AWG Mils (mm) Mils (mm) Cmils (mm

) Cmils (mm

)

50 0.99 0.0251 0.98 0.025 0.980 0.000497 0.960 0.000486

49 1.11 0.0282 1.10 0.028 1.23 0.000624 1.21 0.000613

48 1.24 0.0315 1.23 0.031 1.54 0.000768 1.51 0.000765

47 1.40 0.0356 1.39 0.035 1.96 0.000993 1.92 0.000973

46 1.57 0.0399 1.55 0.039 2.46 0.00125 2.41 0.00122

45 1.76 0.0447 1.74 0.044 3.10 0.00157 3.04 0.00154

44 2.0 0.051 1.98 0.050 4.00 0.00203 3.92 0.00198

43 2.2 0.056 2.18 0.055 4.84 0.00245 4.74 0.00240

42 2.5 0.064 2.48 0.063 6.25 0.00317 6.13 0.003115

41 2.8 0.071 2.77 0.070 7.84 0.00397 7.68 0.00389

40 3.1 0.079 3.07 0.078 9.61 0.00487 9.42 0.00477

39 3.5 0.089 3.47 0.088 12.2 0.00621 11.9 0.00603

38 4.0 0.102 3.96 0.101 16.0 0.00811 15.7 0.00796

37 4.5 0.114 4.46 0.113 20.2 0.0103 19.8 0.0100

36 5.0 0.127 4.95 0.126 25.0 0.0127 24.5 0.0124

35 5.6 0.142 5.54 0.141 31.4 0.0159 30.8 0.0156

34 6.3 0.160 6.24 0.158 39.7 0.020 38.9 0.0197

33 7.1 0.180 7.03 0.179 50.4 0.0255 49.4 0.0250

32 8.0 0.203 7.92 0.201 64.0 0.0324 62.7 0.0318

31 8.9 0.226 8.81 0.224 79.2 0.0401 77.6 0.0393

30 10.0 0.254 9.9 0.251 100 0.0507 98 0.0497

29 11.3 0.287 11.2 0.284 128 0.0647 125 0.0633

28 12.6 0.320 12.5 0.318 159 0.0804 156 0.0790

27 14.2 0.361 14.1 0.358 202 0.102 198 0.100

26 15.9 0.404 15.7 0.399 253 0.128 248 0.126

25 17.9 0.455 17.7 0.450 320 0.162 314 0.159

24 20.1 0.511 19.9 0.506 404 0.205 396 0.201

23 22.6 0.574 22.4 0.569 511 0.259 501 0.254

22 25.3 0.643 25.0 0.635 640 0.324 627 0.318

21 28.5 0.724 28.2 0.716 812 0.412 796 0.404

20 32.0 0.813 31.7 0.805 1020 0.519 1000 0.509

MAY 5, 2014APPLIANCE WIRING MATERIAL - UL 75814

Table 5.1 Continued on Next Page

Table 5.1 Continued

Size of

conductor,

Diameter of solid conductor Cross-sectional area of stranded conductor

Nominal, Minimum, Nominal, Minimum,

AWG Mils (mm) Mils (mm) Cmils (mm

) Cmils (mm

)

19 35.9 0.912 35.6 0.904 1290 0.653 1264 0.641

18 40.3 1.02 40.0 1.016 1620 0.823 1588 0.807

17 45.3 1.15 44.9 1.140 2050 1.04 2009 1.02

16 50.8 1.29 50.3 1.278 2580 1.31 2528 1.28

15 57.1 1.45 56.5 1.435 3260 1.65 3195 1.62

14 64.1 1.63 63.5 1.613 4110 2.08 4028 2.04

13 72.0 1.83 71 1.80 5180 2.63 5076 2.58

12 80.8 2.05 80 2.03 6530 3.31 6399 3.24

11 90.7 2.30 90 2.29 8230 4.17 8065 4.09

10 101.9 2.588 101 2.57 10380 5.261 10172 5.16

9 114.4 2.906 113 2.87 13090 6.631 12828 6.50

8 128.5 3.264 127 3.23 16510 8.367 16180 8.20

7 144.3 3.665 143 3.63 20820 10.55 20404 10.34

6 162.0 4.115 160 4.06 26240 13.30 25715 13.03

5 181.9 4.620 180 4.57 33090 16.77 32428 16.43

4 204.3 5.189 202 5.13 41740 21.15 40905 20.73

3 229.4 5.827 227 5.77 52620 26.67 51568 26.14

2 257.6 6.543 255 6.48 66360 33.62 65033 32.95

1 289.3 7.348 286 7.26 83690 42.41 82016 41.56

1/0 324.9 8.252 322 8.18 105600 53.49 103488 52.42

2/0 364.8 9.226 361 9.17 133100 67.43 130438 66.08

3/0 409.6 10.40 406 10.31 167800 85.01 164444 83.31

4/0 460.0 11.68 455 11.56 211600 107.2 207368 105.1

kcmil – – – – kcmil – kcmil –

250 – – – – 250 127 245 124.1

300 – – – – 300 152 294 149.0

350 – – – – 350 177 343 173.8

400 – – – – 400 203 392 198.6

450 – – – – 450 228 441 223.5

500 – – – – 500 253 490 248.3

550 – – – – 550 279 539 273.1

600 – – – – 600 304 588 297.9

650 – – – – 650 329 637 322.8

700 – – – – 700 355 686 347.6

750 – – – – 750 380 735 372.4

800 – – – – 800 405 784 397.2

900 – – – – 900 456 882 446.9

1000 – – – – 1000 507 980 496.6

1100 – – – – 1100 557 1078 546.2

1200 – – – – 1200 608 1176 595.9

1250 – – – – 1250 633 1225 620.7

1300 – – – – 1300 659 1274 645.5

1400 – – – – 1400 709 1372 695.2

1500 – – – – 1500 760 1470 744.9

1600 – – – – 1600 811 1568 794.5

1700 – – – – 1700 861 1666 844.2

1750 – – – – 1750 887 1715 869.0

MAY 5, 2014 APPLIANCE WIRING MATERIAL - UL 758 15

Table 5.1 Continued on Next Page

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