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首页Fedora 10与Red Hat Enterprise Linux：实践指南与4GB软件包
"《Fedora 10与Red Hat Enterprise Linux：入门指南与实战》是一本专为学习者设计的教程，针对的是最新版本的Fedora操作系统和广受欢迎的Red Hat Enterprise Linux服务器环境。作者Christopher Negus和Eric Foster-Johnson以其丰富的经验和深入浅出的方式，为读者提供了全面的学习资源。
该书的核心内容包括：
1. 安装与部署：书中详细介绍了官方Fedora 10的安装过程，以及超过4GB的官方Fedora软件包，这些都收录在配套的DVD中。此外，还提供了CD-ROM版的Fedora 10 KDE Live CD，用户可以在安装前先体验其功能强大的桌面环境。
2. 基础服务设置：通过本书，读者可以学习如何设置网络服务（如Web页面、打印和登录服务），以便更好地融入Linux世界。
3. 多媒体娱乐：书中也探讨了如何在Fedora 10上播放音乐、视频和游戏，展现了Linux系统的多样性和娱乐性。
4. 尝试与安装决策：书中鼓励读者先用Live CD进行试用，亲身体验Fedora的实时运行，确保对系统有充分了解后再决定是否进行正式安装。
5. Fedora 10软件仓库：DVD中包含了Fedora 10的完整安装器和软件库，这将为用户安装过程中提供充足且压缩过的软件资源。
6. Fedora Live CD体验：随书附赠的Fedora 10 KDE Live CD让学习者有机会在不改变原有系统的情况下，尝试完整的桌面操作环境，便于理解和熟悉系统功能。
《Fedora 10与Red Hat Enterprise Linux》不仅是一本技术指南，也是一本实用的工具书，旨在帮助读者从入门到精通这两款Linux发行版，提升IT技能，并适应不断变化的IT行业需求。无论是初次接触Linux的新手，还是寻求服务器管理经验的专业人士，这本书都能提供有价值的信息和实践经验。"
Contents
Part I: Getting Started in Fedora and RHEL
Chapter 1: An Overview of Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux ............................3
Introducing Fedora 10 and Red Hat Enterprise Linux .................................................................... 4
What Is Linux?................................................................................................................................ 5
Linux’s Roots in UNIX................................................................................................................... 6
What Is an Operating System? .................................................................................................. 7
Common Linux Features................................................................................................................. 8
Primary Advantages of Linux ....................................................................................................... 10
What Are Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Fedora?......................................................................... 11
Red Hat forms the Fedora Project ........................................................................................... 11
Red Hat shifts to Red Hat Enterprise Linux............................................................................ 14
Choosing between Fedora and Enterprise ............................................................................... 14
Why Choose Fedora or Red Hat Enterprise Linux?...................................................................... 15
New Features in Fedora 10............................................................................................................ 17
Better Printing ......................................................................................................................... 17
FirstAidKit .............................................................................................................................. 18
OpenOffice.org 3..................................................................................................................... 18
Faster Boot Times ................................................................................................................... 18
K Desktop Environment (KDE) 4 ........................................................................................... 18
PackageKit Software Management ......................................................................................... 18
Firefox 3 Web browser............................................................................................................ 19
Preupgrade............................................................................................................................... 19
Ext4 file systems ..................................................................................................................... 19
Encrypted file systems............................................................................................................. 19
Identity management with freeIPA.......................................................................................... 19
NetworkManager..................................................................................................................... 20
Getting custom Fedora spins ................................................................................................... 20
Creating your own spins.......................................................................................................... 21
Firewall Configuration ............................................................................................................ 21
The Culture of Free Software........................................................................................................ 21
Summary....................................................................................................................................... 22
Chapter 2: Installing Fedora..........................................................................................23
Understanding Fedora Installation Media ..................................................................................... 24
Using the Fedora 10 Live CD ....................................................................................................... 24
Quick Installation.......................................................................................................................... 26
Detailed Installation Instructions .................................................................................................. 28
Installing Fedora 10................................................................................................................. 28
Choosing an installation method ............................................................................................. 29
xvi Contents
Install or upgrade? .............................................................................................................29
From DVD, network, or hard disk? ................................................................................... 31
Choosing computer hardware.................................................................................................. 32
Installing Fedora on a Laptop.................................................................................................. 33
Preparing for installation using the live CD ............................................................................ 34
Display hardware information ........................................................................................... 34
Test your hardware ............................................................................................................ 36
Beginning the installation........................................................................................................ 37
Choosing Different Install Modes............................................................................................39
Running Fedora Firstboot........................................................................................................44
Enabling Authentication.......................................................................................................... 45
Going forward after installation............................................................................................... 46
Special Installation Procedures ..................................................................................................... 47
Alternatives for starting installation ........................................................................................ 47
Booting installation from hard disk ................................................................................... 47
Booting installation from a USB device ............................................................................ 49
Booting installation using PXE.......................................................................................... 49
Installing from other media .....................................................................................................50
Beginning installation........................................................................................................ 50
Setting up an HTTP, FTP, or NFS install server................................................................ 51
Starting a VNC install.............................................................................................................. 53
Performing a kickstart installation........................................................................................... 54
Creating the kickstart file................................................................................................... 54
Installing the kickstart file ................................................................................................. 59
Booting a kickstart installation .......................................................................................... 59
Special Installation Topics ............................................................................................................ 60
Setting up to dual-boot Linux and Windows........................................................................... 60
Resizing your Windows partitions..................................................................................... 60
Using Windows partitions from Linux .............................................................................. 64
Partitioning your disks............................................................................................................. 66
Partitioning with Disk Setup during installation................................................................ 67
Partitioning with fdisk........................................................................................................70
Tips for creating partitions................................................................................................. 72
Using the GRUB boot loader................................................................................................... 74
Temporarily changing boot options................................................................................... 75
Permanently changing boot options...................................................................................77
Adding a new GRUB boot image ...................................................................................... 78
Troubleshooting Installation.......................................................................................................... 79
Spinning Your Own Fedora Install or Live Media........................................................................81
Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 82
Chapter 3: Getting Started with the Desktop .............................................................. 83
Logging in to Fedora or RHEL ..................................................................................................... 84
Why Do I Need a User Login? ................................................................................................ 86
Getting Familiar with the Desktop................................................................................................86
Contents xvii
Touring your desktop......................................................................................................... 87
Tips for configuring your desktop ..................................................................................... 94
Using the GNOME Desktop .........................................................................................................95
Using the Metacity window manager...................................................................................... 97
Using the GNOME panels....................................................................................................... 99
Use the Applications and System menus......................................................................... 100
Adding an applet.............................................................................................................. 101
Adding another panel....................................................................................................... 102
Adding an application launcher....................................................................................... 102
Adding a drawer .............................................................................................................. 103
Changing panel properties............................................................................................... 103
Using the Nautilus file manager............................................................................................ 104
Changing GNOME preferences............................................................................................. 107
Managing removable media .................................................................................................. 108
Trying other GNOME applications....................................................................................... 109
Taking notes with Tomboy.............................................................................................. 109
Checking Your Network from GNOME.......................................................................... 110
Switching to another user...................................................................................................... 110
Exiting GNOME.................................................................................................................... 111
Setting Up an Online Desktop..................................................................................................... 112
Switching Desktop Environments............................................................................................... 115
Using the KDE Desktop.............................................................................................................. 116
New Features in KDE 4.1...................................................................................................... 116
Starting with KDE................................................................................................................. 117
KDE desktop basics............................................................................................................... 118
Getting around the desktop.............................................................................................. 119
Managing files with Dolphin and Konqueror File Managers................................................ 120
Working with files........................................................................................................... 122
Searching for files with Dolphin and kfind...................................................................... 123
Creating new files and folders......................................................................................... 124
Using the Konqueror browser features.................................................................................. 125
Configuring Konqueror and Dolphin options........................................................................ 126
Managing windows ............................................................................................................... 128
Using the taskbar ............................................................................................................. 129
Moving windows............................................................................................................. 129
Resizing windows............................................................................................................ 129
Pinning windows on top or bottom.................................................................................. 130
Using virtual desktops ..................................................................................................... 130
Configuring the desktop ........................................................................................................ 130
Adding widgets...................................................................................................................... 131
Adding widgets to the panel ............................................................................................ 132
Adding widgets to the desktop......................................................................................... 132
Running 3D Accelerated Desktop Effects................................................................................... 132
Using the Xfce Desktop Environment......................................................................................... 135
Troubleshooting Your Desktop................................................................................................... 136
xviii Contents
GUI doesn’t work at start-up................................................................................................. 137
What Happens During Desktop Startup?............................................................................... 137
Tuning your video card and monitor ..................................................................................... 138
Running the Display Settings window............................................................................. 138
Understanding the xorg.conf file ..................................................................................... 139
Configuring video cards for gaming......................................................................................140
Getting more information ...................................................................................................... 140
Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 141
Chapter 4: Using Linux Commands........................................................................... 143
The Shell Interface ...................................................................................................................... 143
Checking your login session.................................................................................................. 144
Checking directories and permissions ................................................................................... 145
Checking system activity....................................................................................................... 147
Exiting the shell..................................................................................................................... 148
Understanding the Shell .............................................................................................................. 148
Using the Shell in Linux.............................................................................................................. 149
Locating commands...............................................................................................................150
Getting Help with Using the Shell......................................................................................... 151
Rerunning commands............................................................................................................ 153
Command-line editing ..................................................................................................... 153
Command-line completion............................................................................................... 155
Command-line recall........................................................................................................ 156
Connecting and expanding commands.................................................................................. 158
Piping commands............................................................................................................. 158
Sequential commands ...................................................................................................... 159
Background commands.................................................................................................... 159
Expanding commands...................................................................................................... 159
Expanding arithmetic expressions ................................................................................... 160
Expanding variables......................................................................................................... 160
Using shell environment variables......................................................................................... 160
Common shell environment variables.............................................................................. 161
Setting your own environment variables..........................................................................162
Managing background and foreground processes.................................................................. 164
Starting background processes......................................................................................... 164
Moving commands to the foreground and background.................................................... 165
Configuring your shell........................................................................................................... 166
Setting your prompt ......................................................................................................... 167
Adding environment variables......................................................................................... 168
Adding aliases..................................................................................................................169
Working with the Linux File System .......................................................................................... 169
Linux File Systems Versus Windows-Based File Systems ................................................... 171
Creating files and directories................................................................................................. 172
Identifying Directories........................................................................................................... 173
Using metacharacters and operators ................................................................................173
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