Java持久化API (JPA) 2.0 拟定最终草案

5星 · 超过95%的资源需积分: 14 156 浏览量更新于2024-08-02 收藏 3.48MB PDF 举报

"JPA Specification，即Java Persistence API的2.0版本专家小组提出的最终草案，由Sun Microsystems在2009年3月13日发布。该文档详细规定了Java平台上的持久化标准，用于管理和存储对象关系数据。" Java Persistence API (JPA) 是Java开发应用程序时用于管理关系数据库的对象-关系映射（ORM）框架。JPA 2.0是其一个重要的版本升级，提供了更多功能和改进，以提高开发人员在处理数据库操作时的效率和灵活性。 JPA的核心概念包括实体（Entity）、实体管理器（EntityManager）、实体管理工厂（EntityManagerFactory）以及查询语言（JPQL，Java Persistence Query Language）。实体是应用程序中的业务对象，它们通过JPA与数据库中的表进行映射。实体管理器是与持久化层交互的主要接口，负责对象的持久化、加载、更新和删除。实体管理工厂则用于创建实体管理器实例，它是线程安全的，通常在应用启动时初始化一次。JPQL是JPA提供的面向对象的查询语言，类似于SQL，但更专注于对象和关系模型。 JPA 2.0引入了多个新特性，如： 1. **多对多关联**：增加了对多对多关联的直接支持，使得关联管理更加便捷。 2. **复合主键**：允许使用复合主键类，可以更灵活地定义复杂主键。 3. **延迟加载（Lazy Loading）**：改进了延迟加载机制，使得关联对象可以在需要时才被加载，从而提高了性能。 4. ** Criteria 查询**：提供了一种类型安全的API，用于构建动态查询，避免了字符串拼接造成的潜在错误。 5. **嵌入式和组件**：支持将一个对象嵌入到另一个对象中，使得复杂对象结构能够被持久化。 6. **存储过程**：增强了对数据库存储过程的调用支持。 7. **事件监听器**：允许定义在特定操作前后触发的事件监听器，以实现业务逻辑的扩展。 8. **级联操作**：允许将操作（如保存、删除）级联到关联的实体上，简化了代码维护。此外，JPA 2.0还对性能进行了优化，提供了更多的事务控制选项，并且加强了与EJB 3.0的集成。它允许开发者以声明式的方式管理持久化，降低了对低级数据库操作的依赖，提高了代码的可读性和可维护性。 JPA 2.0规范是Java开发人员处理数据库持久化的重要工具，它通过提供一套标准的API，简化了ORM的实现，促进了跨平台的兼容性和代码的可重用性。理解并熟练掌握JPA 2.0的特性，对于任何Java企业级应用开发者来说都是至关重要的。

Java Persistence 2.0, Proposed Final Draft

3/13/09 16

Sun Microsystems, Inc.

Java Persistence 2.0, Proposed Final Draft

17 3/13/09

Sun Microsystems, Inc.

List of Tables

Table 1 Definition of the AND Operator ...........................................................................................................155

Table 2 Definition of the OR Operator ..............................................................................................................155

Table 3 Definition of the NOT Operator............................................................................................................155

Table 4 Access Annotation Elements.................................................................................................................320

Table 5 AssociationOverride Annotation Elements...........................................................................................321

Table 6 AssociationOverrides Annotation Elements .........................................................................................323

Table 7 AttributeOverride Annotation Elements ...............................................................................................324

Table 8 AttributeOverrides Annotation Elements..............................................................................................326

Table 9 Basic Annotation Elements ...................................................................................................................328

Table 10 Cacheable Annotation Elements ...........................................................................................................328

Table 11 CollectionTable Annotation Elements ..................................................................................................329

Table 12 Column Annotation Elements ...............................................................................................................331

Table 13 DiscriminatorColumn Annotation Elements.........................................................................................333

Table 14 DiscriminatorValueAnnotation Elements..............................................................................................334

Table 15 ElementCollection Annotation Elements ..............................................................................................335

Table 16 Enumerated Annotation Elements.........................................................................................................338

Table 17 GeneratedValue Annotation Elements ..................................................................................................339

Table 18 IdClass Annotation Elements ................................................................................................................341

Table 19 Inheritance Annotation Elements ..........................................................................................................342

Table 20 JoinColumn Annotation Elements ........................................................................................................343

Table 21 JoinColumns Annotation Elements.......................................................................................................345

Table 22 JoinTable Annotation Elements ............................................................................................................346

Table 23 ManyToMany Annotation Elements .....................................................................................................348

Table 24 ManyToOne Annotation Elements........................................................................................................351

Table 25 MapKey Annotation Elements..............................................................................................................352

Table 26 MapKeyClass Annotation Elements .....................................................................................................353

Table 27 MapKeyColumn Annotation Elements .................................................................................................355

Table 28 MapKeyEnumerated Annotation Elements...........................................................................................357

Table 29 MapKeyJoinColumn Annotation Elements ..........................................................................................358

Table 30 MapKeyJoinColumns Annotation Elements.........................................................................................360

Table 31 MapKeyTemporal Annotation Elements...............................................................................................361

Table 32 MappedBy IdAnnotation Elements.......................................................................................................361

Table 33 OneToMany Annotation Elements........................................................................................................363

Table 34 OneToOne Annotation Elements ..........................................................................................................366

Table 35 OrderBy Annotation Elements ..............................................................................................................368

Table 36 OrderColumn Annotation Elements......................................................................................................370

Table 37 PrimaryKeyJoinColumn Annotation Elements.....................................................................................372

Table 38 PrimaryKeyJoinColumns Annotation Elements ...................................................................................373

Table 39 SecondaryTable Annotation Elements ..................................................................................................375

Table 40 SecondaryTables Annotation Elements.................................................................................................376

Table 41 SequenceGenerator Annotation Elements.............................................................................................377

19 3/13/09

Java Persistence 2.0, Proposed Final Draft

Sun Microsystems, Inc.

Chapter 1 Introduction

This document is the specification of the Java API for the management of persistence and object/rela-

tional mapping with Java EE and Java SE. The technical objective of this work is to provide an

object/relational mapping facility for the Java application developer using a Java domain model to man-

age a relational database.

This is the Proposed Final Draft of the Java Persistence 2.0 specification. This draft

addresses improvements in the areas of domain modeling, O/R mapping, EntityManager

and Query interfaces, and the Java Persistence query language. It adds an API for criteria

queries, a metamodel API, and support for validation.

We welcome feedback from the community on the features in this draft.

1.1 Expert Group

This work is being conducted as part of JSR 317 under the Java Community Process Program. This

specification is the result of the collaborative work of the past and present members of the JSR 317

Expert Group: Adobe Systems Inc.: Jeff Vroom; akquinet tech@Spree: Michael Bouschen; BEA Sys-

tems: Patrick Linskey; DataDirect: Eric Samson; Ericsson AB: Erik Brakkee; IBM: Kevin Sutter, Pinaki

Poddar; Inria: Florent Benoit; Oracle: Michael Keith, Gordon Yorke; Pramati Technologies: Deepak

Anupalli; Red Hat Middleware LLC: Gavin King, Emmanuel Bernard; SAP AG: Rainer Schweigkoffer,

Adrian Goerler; SpringSource Inc.: Matthew Adams; Sun Microsystems: Linda DeMichiel (Specifica-

tion Lead), Kenneth Saks; Sybase: Evan Ireland; Tmax Soft Inc.: Wonseok Kim; Adam Bien; Antonio

Goncalves; Chris Maki.

1.2 Document Conventions

The regular Times font is used for information that is prescriptive by this specification.

The italic Times font is used for paragraphs that contain descriptive information, such as notes describ-

ing typical use, or notes clarifying the text with prescriptive specification.

The Courier font is used for code examples.

The Helvetica font is used to specify the BNF of the Java Persistence query language.

剩余444页未读，继续阅读

xx510long

粉丝: 7
资源: 8

Java持久化API (JPA) 2.0 拟定最终草案

Java各种Specification

spring data jpa 的Specifications动态查询

spring.jpa.data Specification使用

jpa specification

jpa specification实例

jpa specification distinct

jpa Specification 时间

jpa Specification 时间条件

jpa specification 模糊查询

jpa specification多表查询

最新资源