使用AWS进行网站托管与迁移实战指南

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"《Website Hosting and Migration with Amazon Web Services》由Jason Nadon撰写，是一本实践指南，旨在帮助读者将网站迁移到亚马逊网络服务（AWS）平台。本书涵盖了如何评估和利用AWS的各种服务来优化网站性能和控制力，以及如何管理DNS、域名注册和转移。此外，还介绍了如何使用CloudFront进行全球内容分发，以及如何借助AWS RDS构建冗余数据库解决方案。" 在深入探讨AWS网站托管和迁移的知识点之前，我们首先需要理解AWS的核心概念。AWS是亚马逊提供的一个全面的云计算服务平台，提供包括计算、存储、数据库、分析、机器学习等在内的多种服务。这本书将帮助读者了解如何充分利用这些服务。 1. **评估AWS服务**：在迁移到AWS之前，你需要了解AWS提供的各种服务，如EC2（弹性计算云）用于服务器托管，S3（简单存储服务）用于静态文件存储，以及Lambda无服务器计算等，以确定最适合你网站需求的服务。 2. **设置和维护网站**：书中提到的三种独特类型的网站可能包括静态网站、动态内容网站和高可用性电子商务网站。使用AWS的核心服务，如EC2、S3和Route 53，可以创建、部署和维护这些网站，并确保其高效运行。 3. **提高性能和控制**：选择适当的服务，如Auto Scaling以自动调整服务器容量，或者使用CloudWatch监控和优化资源利用率，可以显著提升网站性能并降低成本。 4. **管理DNS和域名**：通过AWS的Route 53服务，你可以管理DNS记录，进行域名注册和转移，确保网站的稳定访问和正确解析。 5. **使用CloudFront**：CloudFront是AWS的全球内容分发网络（CDN），它能够缓存和快速分发内容，减少延迟，提高全球用户的访问速度。 6. **AWS RDS数据库服务**：RDS（关系数据库服务）提供了一种简便的方式来运行、管理和扩展关系数据库，如MySQL、PostgreSQL等，提供了高可用性和自动备份功能，确保网站数据的安全和可靠性。除了以上这些核心知识点，本书可能还会涵盖安全策略、成本优化、监控和日志管理等方面，帮助读者全面掌握在AWS上托管和迁移网站的技巧和最佳实践。通过本书的学习，无论是初学者还是有经验的开发者，都能获得在AWS上构建和管理网站的宝贵知识。

xix

Acknowledgments

This work would not have been possible without the support of many project team members. First and

foremost, thanks to Susan McDermott for believing that this idea had merit and talking me into writing this

book. I’d like to acknowledge Rita Fernando for doing her best to keep me on track in terms of delivery;

I do know how challenging this can be. Thank you to my Technical Reviewer Matt Dilts for adding value and

keeping me honest. Lastly, thanks to the many creators of software and systems referenced and brought

together to bring this book to life. Their hard work and innovation have given us the opportunity to become

more efficient and productive.

xxi

Introduction

Welcome to Website Hosting and Migration with Amazon Web Services and thank you for picking up this book.

I’m excited to be your guide for this adventure in web hosting in AWS. The adoption rate of cloud services

for startups and enterprises alike has been astounding. It reminds me of another time in my IT career when

a major shift happened to move software architecture from desktop, stand-alone applications to web-based,

interconnected applications. As with other disruptive movements in technology, cloud services offer a way

for more control over resources used and much greater choices of self-service managed services. This shift

means that it is possible for everyone to take control and deliver a highly available, scalable, cost-effective

infrastructure to host their application or websites, which results in a better experience for end users.

As I was thinking about the best format for delivering a book that offered an introduction to hosting in

Amazon Web Services, the leading cloud services provider, I wanted to make sure that the book was both

accessible and interesting for those who perhaps have never managed the hosting of their own website as

well as valuable to those looking at Amazon Web Services as an option for migrating their existing website.

The most effective way for me to deliver on both of these goals was to organize the book into “scenarios”

that offer you the choice of working through from start to finish or using it as a “choose your own adventure”

style book and focusing on the content that is most relevant to you. It should be noted that if you’re new to

AWS, starting with the first scenario and working through to the last will give you a progressive experience

that offers the most exposure to services offered in AWS, and each scenario does build on knowledge gained

in the previous scenario.

This book has three web hosting scenarios. First, in Chapter 1, you’ll look at the simple static website:

a simple, multi-page site that is used by many companies to provide an online presence for their goods and

services, complete with a simple contact form. In Chapter 7, you’ll look at the second scenario where I’ll

show how to host popular content management systems in the AWS platform using dedicated compute,

database, and storage resources. Lastly, in Chapter 14, you’ll take a look at a much more complex website

scenario that will have additional challenges and more complex features to be supported such as staff logins,

email services, and ecommerce requirements. You’ll also look at how to extend your enterprise website with

AWS managed services.

In each scenario, I’ll describe the type of website that you’ll be working with as well as give you sample

files that can be used to follow along and host the content in your very own AWS account. I’ll give you the

tools and knowledge needed to host the sample files that are provided for your use and, wherever possible,

I’ll put in tips that are related to how to migrate existing content that you may have over to AWS.

One of the many benefits of Amazon Web Services is being able to easily set up environments and

resources that allow you to learn the AWS platform and deliver a proof of concept: a functional service

with very little investment upfront. This enables you to use the sample files provided, or your own content

in a functional environment, and to monitor billing costs before committing to AWS as your new hosting

provider. Since the hosting cost is a major factor in most people’s decision to use a given hosting provider,

I’ll provide a section on hosting cost considerations in the summary section of each hosting scenario that

will be based on billing data outside of the free-tier hosting period so that you can make an informed

decision in regard to whether to move to AWS for your web hosting needs.

J. Nadon, Website Hosting and Migration with Amazon Web Services, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4842-2589-9_1

CHAPTER 1

Static Content Scenario

In this chapter, you’ll explore your first web hosting scenario: the static content website. A static website is

one that consists of files and web pages that do not change based on user interaction. When a user visits the

website, the content displayed to them is static in nature, meaning that it doesn’t change unless the author of

that content updates the files with new content to be displayed.

This type of website is the least complex architecture to work with since the assets that make up the site

are limited to files. As you progress through future chapters you’ll learn how those asset lists will include files

and also application dependencies such as web servers and databases.

In this scenario, you will be setting up web hosting in Amazon Web Services (AWS) for a fictional local

law office. This small law firm employs less than five staff members but realizes the importance of having a

“web presence” for potential customers to learn about their services, read past client testimonials, and get

contact information for the office.

It is important to understand a bit more about the content and the file assets that you’ll be working with

in the next several chapters. Laying this foundation will allow you to see parallels in working with your own

website content and how you will be able to migrate it to AWS.

Website Content Overview

This hosting scenario will consist of a static website made up of five pages. You will be using a template

provided from www.templated.co; this site offers an excellent selection of responsive, clean HTML/CSS

templates for use with your website. The web pages that you’ll be working with are described below.

• Home: The home page will be the landing page for the website. This page will hold

basic information about the law firm, a high-level overview of services provided, and

important contact information.

• Services: The services page will hold detailed information about the services offered

by the law firm.

• Testimonials: The testimonials page will hold the best of the feedback and

testimonials that the firm has collected from previous and existing clients. As you

progress through this web hosting scenario, I’ll show you how you can use page

templates to add new testimonials and update this page over time. This same

process can be used if you want to do the same with a page for the latest firm news or

blog posts (more on this later).

• About Us: The “About Us” page will hold information about the history of the firm,

the founding partners, and other firm-specific information.

Chapter 1 ■ StatiC Content SCenario

• Contact: The contact page will hold contact information for the firm. This will

include the full address and an embedded map, which will illustrate how you can

still use external resources even though this is a static website. In addition, you see

how other AWS services such as Lambda can be leveraged from your static files to

process information. This will be your first exposure to the power of Amazon Web

Services Managed Services offerings. This one will dive a bit deep, so I’ll save it until

you work through some of the other foundational services.

Website Asset Overview

The file assets that will be used in this web hosting scenario are listed in Figure1-1.

Figure 1-1. The directory listing with the file structure for your static content website scenario

As you can see, you have an HTML page for each of the pages described in the previous section. You

have a folder to hold your CSS content files (which control the styling of your website), a folder for your

image assets, and a folder for any JavaScript that will be used. You can download these sample files from

www.apress.com/9781484225882.

Relevant AWS Services

Let's briefly go over the services that I will be introducing in this website hosting scenario. The services

listed below are some of the core Amazon Web Services infrastructure service offerings that will be used

throughout the rest of the book:

• AWS S3: Amazon Web Services Simple Storage Service is Amazon’s core object-

based storage service, and you’ll be using it in this hosting scenario. I’ll cover all

of the fundamentals and I’ll give you some tips for working with this service when

hosting static web content.

• AWS Route53: Amazon Web Services Route53 DNS service is a fully managed

domain name system that resolves domain names to IP addresses. This service offers

so much more, though, and while working with this hosting scenario you’ll explore

some of the basics, such as domain registration and working with DNS record sets.

In later chapters, you’ll extend your knowledge by using some of the more advanced

features available with this service.

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