iOS应用界面设计指南:清晰、深度与交互

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“iOS Human Interface Guidelines是苹果公司发布的一份详细文档,旨在指导开发者和设计师遵循最佳实践,创建符合iOS用户体验标准的应用程序界面。” 在iOS应用界面设计中,以下几个关键知识点至关重要: 1. **UIDesignBasics**:这部分强调了设计的基础原则,包括简洁性、易用性和功能性。设计师需要确保用户能快速理解并有效地与应用交互。 2. **DesigningforiOS7**:iOS 7的设计理念更加强调清晰度和内容优先,去除了过多的装饰,使界面更加简洁,突出内容本身。 3. **DefertoContent**:内容应是设计的核心,界面应该让内容自然地成为焦点,避免不必要的装饰或过度设计。 4. **ProvideClarity**:清晰性是界面设计的关键,意味着用户应能一眼看懂每个元素的功能和目的,避免模糊不清的图标或文字。 5. **UseDepthtoCommunicate**:通过使用深度效果,如阴影和透明度,可以增加界面的层次感,帮助用户理解元素间的空间关系。 6. **iOSAppAnatomy**:介绍了iOS应用的基本结构,包括启动画面、主屏幕、导航方式等,这些是构建用户体验的基础。 7. **StartingandStopping**:应用应快速启动,并随时准备停止,以便用户在任何时候都可以无缝切换。 8. **Layout**:良好的布局能引导用户视线,合理组织信息,提高阅读和操作效率。设计师需要考虑不同屏幕尺寸和方向下的适配。 9. **Navigation**:导航设计应直观且一致,让用户轻松地在应用的不同部分之间移动。常见的导航模式包括Tab Bar、Navigation Controller和Stack View等。 10. **ModalContexts**:模态视图提供临时的信息或任务,但不应打断主要的用户体验,设计时需谨慎处理。 11. **InteractivityandFeedback**:交互性和反馈是提升用户体验的关键。用户熟知的标准手势(如滑动、点击)应被充分利用,同时,交互元素应具有触觉反馈,以增强用户的感知。 12. **InputtingInformationShouldBeEasy**:输入界面应简单易用,减少用户的输入负担,如提供预测文本、自动填充等功能。 13. **Animation**:动画可以增强用户体验,但需适度,避免过度动画造成干扰。 14. **Branding**:品牌元素如色彩和字体,应贯穿于应用的各个角落,以建立独特的品牌形象。 15. **ColorandTypography**:颜色可以增强沟通,但需保持一致,避免色彩过于杂乱。文字应始终保持可读性,选择合适的字体和字号。 16. **IconsandGraphics**:图标和图形应清晰易懂,传达准确的信息。应用图标是应用的“面孔”,必须引人注目且易于识别。 17. **TerminologyandWording**:术语和措辞应简洁明了,避免行业术语,使所有用户都能理解。 18. **IntegratingwithiOS**:应用应与iOS系统深度融合,正确使用标准的UI元素,响应设备方向的变化,并利用iOS的特有技术,如Siri集成、3D Touch等。 19. **DesignStrategies**:设计策略包括审美完整性、一致性、直接操作、反馈、隐喻和用户控制等原则,它们共同构建出优秀的用户体验。 20. **FromConcepttoProduct**:从概念到产品的过程中,需要明确应用的目标,逐步细化设计,通过迭代不断优化,最终打造出满足用户需求的产品。 这份指南提供了全面的iOS界面设计指导,涵盖了从设计哲学到具体实现的各个层面,对于希望在iOS平台上创建优秀应用的开发者和设计师来说,是一份不可多得的参考资料。
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Introduction Introduction 9 At a Glance 9 Great iOS Apps Embrace the Platform and HI Design Principles 9 Great App Design Begins with Some Clear Definitions 10 A Great User Experience Is Rooted in Your Attention to Detail 10 People Expect to Find iOS Technologies in the Apps They Use 10 All Apps Need at Least Some Custom Artwork 11 Chapter 1 Platform Characteristics 13 The Display Is Paramount, Regardless of Its Size 13 Device Orientation Can Change 14 Apps Respond to Gestures, Not Clicks 14 People Interact with One App at a Time 15 Preferences Are Available in Settings 16 Onscreen User Help Is Minimal 16 Most iOS Apps Have a Single Window 17 Two Types of Software Run in iOS 17 Safari on iOS Provides the Web Interface 18 Chapter 2 Human Interface Principles 21 Aesthetic Integrity 21 Consistency 21 Direct Manipulation 22 Feedback 22 Metaphors 22 User Control 23 Chapter 3 App Design Strategies 25 Create an Application Definition Statement 25 1. List All the Features You Think Users Might Like 25 2. Determine Who Your Users Are 26 3. Filter the Feature List Through the Audience Definition 26 4. Don’t Stop There 26 Design the App for the Device 27 Embrace iOS UI Paradigms 27 Ensure that Universal Apps Run Well on Both iPhone and iPad 28 Reconsider Web-Based Designs 28 Tailor Customization to the Task 29 Prototype and Iterate 31 Chapter 4 Case Studies: Transitioning to iOS 33 From Mail on the Desktop to Mail on iPhone 33 From Keynote on the Desktop to Keynote on iPad 35 From Mail on iPhone to Mail on iPad 38 From a Desktop Browser to Safari on iOS 41 Chapter 5 User Experience Guidelines 47 Focus on the Primary Task 47 Elevate the Content that People Care About 48 Think Top Down 48 Give People a Logical Path to Follow 48 Make Usage Easy and Obvious 49 Use User-Centric Terminology 50 Minimize the Effort Required for User Input 50 Downplay File-Handling Operations 50 Enable Collaboration and Connectedness 51 De-emphasize Settings 52 Brand Appropriately 53 Make Search Quick and Rewarding 53 Entice and Inform with a Well-Written Description 54 Be Succinct 55 Use UI Elements Consistently 55 Consider Adding Physicality and Realism 56 Delight People with Stunning Graphics 57 Handle Orientation Changes 58 Make Targets Fingertip-Size 60 Use Subtle Animation to Communicate 61 Support Gestures Appropriately 62 Ask People to Save Only When Necessary 63 Make Modal Tasks Occasional and Simple 63 Start Instantly 64 Always Be Prepared to Stop 65 Don’t Quit Programmatically 65 If Necessary, Display a License Agreement or Disclaimer 65 For iPad: Enhance Interactivity (Don’t Just Add Features) 66 For iPad: Reduce Full-Screen Transitions 66 For iPad: Restrain Your Information Hierarchy 67 For iPad: Consider Using Popovers for Some Modal Tasks 69 For iPad: Migrate Toolbar Content to the Top 70 Chapter 6 iOS Technology Usage Guidelines 73 iCloud Storage 73 Multitasking 74 Notification Center 76 Printing 80 iAd Rich Media Ads 81 Quick Look Document Preview 87 Sound 88 Understand User Expectations 88 Define the Audio Behavior of Your App 89 Manage Audio Interruptions 93 Handle Media Remote Control Events, if Appropriate 94 VoiceOver and Accessibility 95 Edit Menu 96 Undo and Redo 98 Keyboards and Input Views 99 Location Services 99 Chapter 7 iOS UI Element Usage Guidelines 101 Bars 101 The Status Bar 101 Navigation Bar 102 Toolbar 105 Tab Bar 106 Content Views 108 Popover (iPad Only) 108 Split View (iPad Only) 111 Table View 113 Text View 121 Web View 122 Container View Controller 123 Alerts, Action Sheets, and Modal Views 123 Alert 123 Action Sheet 127 Modal View 130 Controls 133 Activity Indicator 133 Date and Time Picker 133 Detail Disclosure Button 134 Info Button 135 Label 135 Network Activity Indicator 136 Page Indicator 136 Picker 137 5 2011-10-12 | . 2011 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved. CONTENTS Progress View 138 Rounded Rectangle Button 139 Scope Bar 139 Search Bar 140 Segmented Control 141 Slider 142 Stepper 143 Switch 143 Text Field 144 System-Provided Buttons and Icons 145 Standard Buttons for Use in Toolbars and Navigation Bars 145 Standard Icons for Use in Tab Bars 148 Standard Buttons for Use in Table Rows and Other UI Elements 149 Chapter 8 Custom Icon and Image Creation Guidelines 151 Tips for Designing Great Icons and Images 152 Tips for Creating Great Artwork for the Retina Display 153 Tips for Creating Resizable Images 154 Application Icons 155 Launch Images 157 Small Icons 159 Document Icons 160 Document Icon Specifications for iPhone 160 Document Icon Specifications for iPad 161 Web Clip Icons 163 Icons for Navigation Bars, Toolbars, and Tab Bars 164 Newsstand Icons 166 Document Revision History 169