TLK111工业级以太网PHY收发器技术规格

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"TLK111是一款工业温度级的10/100Mbps以太网物理层收发器，由TI公司制造。这款器件与TLK110完全引脚兼容，并且在典型条件下能实现无错误的100Base-TX操作，最长可达150米。" TI的TLK111 PHYTER®是一款专为工业环境设计的以太网收发器，它能够提供可靠的高速网络连接。其主要特点包括： 1. **引脚兼容性**：TLK111与TLK110设备完全引脚兼容，这使得在现有系统中替换或升级变得简单，无需重新设计硬件。 2. **性能优化**：在标准条件下，该器件支持长达150米的100Base-TX操作无错误，对于10Base-T操作，这一距离可以延长至300米。 3. **低功耗设计**：TLK111采用单电源供电时，功耗通常低于205mW（PHY），如果加上中心抽头，则为275mW。在双电源配置下，功耗则降低到126mW（PHY）和200mW（含中心抽头）。 4. **管理接口**：设备内置串行管理接口，便于对设备进行配置和监控。 5. **符合标准**：TLK111遵循IEEE 802.3u标准，包括10Base-T和100Base-TX的ENDEC（编码解码器）以及滤波器。 6. **功率管理**：通过可编程的功率回退功能，可以根据电缆长度减少PHY的功率消耗，最高可节省20%。 7. **高级功能**：支持IEEE 1588 SFD指示，这对于时间戳功能至关重要。此外，它还集成了IEEE 1149.1 JTAG，允许通过控制器或处理器进行边界扫描测试。 8. **信号质量**：该收发器具备集成的ANSI X3.263兼容的TP-PMD，以确保在有噪声或长距离传输环境下的信号完整性。它还配备了自适应均衡和基线漂移补偿，以降低确定性延迟，支持IEEE 1588物理子层的实现。 9. **电缆诊断**：TLK111还具有电缆诊断功能，可以检测和报告电缆故障，提高了网络维护的效率和可靠性。这款收发器适用于需要稳定、高效网络连接的工业自动化、远程监控和恶劣环境中的其他应用。其低功耗特性使其特别适合那些对能源效率有高要求的系统。TLK111是构建坚固、可靠、节能的工业以太网解决方案的理想选择。

MAC/

Switch

PCS

Signal

Process

PHY

AFE

DigitalLoopback

PHY Digital

ExternalLoopback

AnalogLoopbackPCSLoopback

XFMR

RJ45

MIILoopback

TLK111

SLLSEF8C –AUGUST 2013–REVISED NOVEMBER 2014

www.ti.com

3.10 Multi-Configurable LED (MLED)

In addition, the TLK111 supports by register access a multi-configurable LED (MLED). The MLED by

default is not activated; by register access it can be routed through either the 3 LED pins 26-28 or the

COL pin, allowing support of 4 LEDS. When MLED is routed to the COL pin, the COL functionality is

disabled. REG 0x0025 (MLEDCR Register) controls the MLED routing and configurations. The different

MLED modes are configured by bits [6:3] as described in Table 3-4.

Table 3-4. MLED Mode Select

(bit 6:3) Mode (bit 6:3) Mode

0x0 Link OK 0x6 LED Speed: High for 10 Base TX

0x1 RX/TX Activity 0x7 Full Duplex

0x2 TX Activity 0x8 Link OK / Blink on TX/RX Activity

0x3 RX Activity 0x9 Active stretch signal

0x4 Collision 0xA MI_LINK (100BT+FD)

0x5 LED Speed: High for 100 Base TX

3.11 Loopback Functionality

The TLK111 provides several options for Loopback that test and verify various functional blocks within the

PHY. Enabling loopback mode allows in-circuit testing of the TLK111 digital and analog data path.

Generally, the TLK111 may be configured to one of the Near-end loopback modes or to the Far-end

(reverse) loopback.

3.11.1 Near-End Loopback

Near-end loopback provides the ability to loop the transmitted data back to the receiver via the digital or

analog circuitry. The point at which the signal is looped back is selected using loopback control bits with

several options being provided. Figure 3-7 shows the PHY near-end loopback functionality.

Figure 3-7. Block Diagram, Near-End Loopback Mode

The Near-end Loopback mode is selected by setting the respective bit in the BIST Control Register

(BISCR), MII register address 0x0016. MII loopback can be selected by using the BMCR register at

address 0x0000, bit [14].

The Near-end Loopback can be selected according to the following:

• Reg 0x0000, Bit [14]: MII Loopback

• Reg 0x0016, Bit [0]: PCS input Loopback

• Reg 0x0016, Bit [1]: PCS output Loopback

• Reg 0x0016, Bit [2]: Digital Loopback

• Reg 0x0016, Bit [3]: Analog Loopback

Table 3-5 describes the available operational modes for each loop mode:

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MAC/

Switch

PCS

Signal

Process

PHY

AFE

PHY Digital

XFMR

RJ45

CAT5 Cable

LinkPartner

ReverseLoopback

TLK111

www.ti.com

SLLSEF8C –AUGUST 2013–REVISED NOVEMBER 2014

Table 3-5. Loop Modes

Loop Mode MII PCS Input PCS Output Digital Analog

(1)

External

Force 10/100 ANEG

Operational Setting Force/ANEG 100/10 Force 100/10 Force 100 Force 100 Force/ANEG 100/10

Operational MAC int. MII Only MII or RMII MII or RMII MII or RMII MII or RMII MII or RMII

(1) Requires 100Ω termination

While in MII Loopback mode, there is no link indication, but packets propagate back to the MAC. While in

MII Loopback mode the data is looped back, and can also be transmitted onto the media. For transmitting

data during MII loopback in 100BT only please use bit [6] in the BISCR Register address 0x0016. For

proper operation in Analog Loopback mode, attach 100Ω terminations to the RJ45 connector. External

Loopback can be performed while working in normal mode (Bits 3:0 of the BISCR register are asserted to

0, and on the RJ45 connector, pin 1 is connected to pin 3 and pin 2 is connected to pin 6). To maintain

the desired operating mode, Auto-Negotiation should be disabled before selecting Loopback mode. This

constraint does not apply for external-loopback mode. For selected loopback Delay propagation timing

please see Section 9.9.21.

3.11.2 Far-End Loopback

Far-end (Reverse) loopback is a special test mode to allow testing the PHY from the link-partner side. In

this mode, data that is received from the link partner passes through the PHY's receiver, looped back on

the MII and transmitted back to the link partner. Figure 3-8 shows Far-end loopback functionality.

Figure 3-8. Block Diagram, Far-End Loopback Mode

The Reverse Loopback mode is selected by setting bit 4 in the BIST Control Register (BISCR), MII

While in Reverse Loopback mode the data is looped back and also transmitted onto the MAC Interface

and all data signals that come from the MAC are ignored.

Table 3-6 describes the operating modes for Far-End Loopback.

Table 3-6. Far-End Loopback Modes

Operational MAC Int. MII Mode RMII Mode

Operational Setting Force/ANEG 10/100 Force/ANEG 10

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TLK111

SLLSEF8C –AUGUST 2013–REVISED NOVEMBER 2014

www.ti.com

3.12 BIST

The device incorporates an internal PRBS Built-in Self Test (BIST) circuit to accommodate in-circuit

testing or diagnostics. The BIST circuit can be used to test the integrity of the transmit and receive data

paths. The BIST can be performed using both internal loopback (digital or analog) or external loopback

using a cable fixture. The BIST simulates pseudo-random data transfer scenarios in format of real packets

and Inter-Packet Gap (IPG) on the lines. The BIST allows full control of the packet lengths and of the IPG.

The BIST is implemented with independent transmit and receive paths, with the transmit block generating

a continuous stream of a pseudo-random sequence. The device generates a 15-bit pseudo-random

sequence for the BIST. The received data is compared to the generated pseudo-random data by the BIST

Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR) to determine the BIST pass/fail status. The number of error bytes

that the PRBS checker received is stored in the BICSR1 register (0x001Bh). The status of whether the

PRBS checker is locked to the incoming receive bit stream, whether the PRBS has lost sync, and whether

the packet generator is busy, can be read from the BISCR register (0x0016h). While the lock and sync

indications are required to identify the beginning of proper data reception, for any link failures or data

corruption, the best indication is the contents of the the error counter in the BICSR1 register (0x001Bh).

The PRBS test can be put in a continuous mode or single mode by using bit 14 of the BISCR register

(0x0016h). In continuous mode, when one of the PRBS counters reaches the maximum value, the counter

starts counting from zero again. In single mode, when the PRBS counter reaches its maximum value, the

PRBS checker stops counting.

The device allows the user to control the length of the PRBS packet. By programming the BICSR2 register

(0x001Ch) one can set the length of the PRBS packet. There is also an option to generate a single-packet

transmission of two types, 64 and 1518 bytes, through register bit 13 of the BISCR register (0x0016h).

The single generated packet is composed of a constant data.

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TLK111

www.ti.com

SLLSEF8C –AUGUST 2013–REVISED NOVEMBER 2014

3.13 Cable Diagnostics

With the vast deployment of Ethernet devices, the need for reliable, comprehensive and user-friendly

cable diagnostic tool is more important than ever. The wide variety of cables, topologies, and connectors

deployed results in the need to non-intrusively identify and report cable faults. The TI cable-diagnostic unit

provides extensive information about cable integrity.

The TLK111 offers the following capabilities in its Cable Diagnostic tools kit:

1. Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR)

2. Active Link Cable Diagnostic (ALCD)

3.13.1 TDR

The TLK111 uses Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) to determine the quality of the cables, connectors,

and terminations in addition to estimating the cable length. Some of the possible problems that can be

diagnosed include opens, shorts, cable impedance mismatch, bad connectors, termination mismatches,

cross faults, cross shorts and any other discontinuities along the cable.

The TLK111 transmits a test pulse of known amplitude (1V or 2.5V) down each of the two pairs of an

attached cable. The transmitted signal continues down the cable and reflects from each cable

imperfection, fault, bad connector, and from the end of the cable itself. After the pulse transmission the

TLK111 measures the return time and amplitude of all these reflected pulses. This technique enables

measuring the distance and magnitude (impedance) of non-terminated cables (open or short),

discontinuities (bad connectors), and improperly-terminated cables with ±1m accuracy.

The TLK111 also uses data averaging to reduce noise and improve accuracy. The TLK111 can record up

to five reflections within the tested pair. If more than 5 reflections are recorded, the TLK111 saves the first

5 of them. If a cross fault is detected, the TDR saves the first location of the cross fault and up to 4

reflections in the tested channel. The TLK111 TDR can measure cables up to 200m in length.

For all TDR measurements, the transformation between time of arrival and physical distance is done by

the external host using minor computations (such as multiplication, addition and lookup tables). The host

must know the expected propagation delay of the cable, which depends, among other things, on the cable

category (for example, CAT5, CAT5e, or CAT6).

TDR measurement is allowed in the TLK111 in the following scenarios:

• While Link partner is disconnected – cable is unplugged at the other side

• Link partner is connected but remains “quiet” (for example, in power down mode)

• TDR could be automatically activated when the link fails or is dropped by setting bit 8 of register

0x0009 (SWSCR1). The results of the TDR run after the link fails will be saved in the TDR registers.

The SW could read these registers at any time to apply post processing on the TDR results. This mode

is designed for cases in which the link dropped due to cable disconnections, in which after link failure,

the line will be quiet to allow a proper function of the TDR.

3.13.2 ALCD

The TLK111 also supports Active Link Cable Diagnostic (ALCD). The ALCD offers a passive method to

estimate the cable length during active link. The ALCD uses passive digital signal processing based on

adapted data, thus enabling measurement of cable length with an active link partner.

The ALCD Cable length measurement accuracy is ±5m for the pair used in the Rx path (due to the

passive nature of the test, only the receive path is measured).

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