双基地MIMO雷达的近场4-D目标定位新算法

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本文主要探讨了在双基地多输入多输出（Bistatic MIMO）雷达中进行近场目标定位的4-D参数估计问题。随着雷达技术的发展，传统基于远场假设的目标定位算法在面对近距离目标时可能会失效，因为这些算法不再适用。因此，研究者们针对这一挑战，提出了一个创新的解决方案。论文标题"4-D Parameter Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar for Near-Field Target Localization"明确了研究的核心内容，即如何利用中心对称的发射和接收阵列特性，在近场环境下准确地估计目标的四个关键参数：方向到达角(Destination of Arrival, DOD)、方向离去角(Direction of Departure, DOA)、从发射器到目标的距离以及从接收器到目标的距离。这四个参数对于精确的雷达定位至关重要。作者Erning Zhou、Hong Jiang和Han Qi来自吉林大学通信工程学院，他们通过构建四个接收阵列数据的交叉相关矩阵，并分析这些矩阵的特征值和特征向量来实现4-D参数的估计。这种方法旨在克服远场模型的局限性，提供一种更为精确和适用的近场目标定位算法。论文引用了IEEE的标准出版信息978-1-4799-1928-4/15/$31.00，表明该研究成果是2015年发表的，具有一定的学术价值。对于雷达工程师和研究人员来说，这篇论文提供了在复杂环境中提升雷达性能的关键技术，尤其是在处理近距离目标时，能够显著提高定位精度和鲁棒性。总结来说，这篇文章深入研究了双基地MIMO雷达系统中的一项关键技术挑战，即近场条件下目标参数的精确估计，提出了一种新的方法，通过矩阵分析来提取关键的4-D信息，对于现代雷达系统的实际应用具有重要的理论指导意义。

4-D Parameter Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar for

Near-Field Target Localization

Erning Zhou, Hong Jiang, Member, IEEE, Han Qi

College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China

Email: zhouen13@mails.jlu.edu.cn, jiangh@jlu.edu.cn, qihan14@mails. jlu.edu.cn

Abstract — The existing target localization algorithms in

bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar are

based on the far-field assumption. However, when the targets

are located close to the transmit and receive arrays, these

algorithms are no longer valid. Aiming at the problem of

near-field target localization in bistatic MIMO radar, the

paper presents a novel algorithm of parameter estimation

based on the centro-symmetric transmit and receive arrays.

Four cross-covariance matrices of the received array data

are employed and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of two

constructed matrices are obtained to estimate the four-

dimensional (4-D) parameters, including the direction-of-

departure (DOD), the direction-of-direction (DOA), the

range from transmitter to target, and the range from target

to receiver. This proposed algorithm avoids spectrum peak

search, therefore the amount of calculation is small. Also, the

parameters can be well paired. The simulations demonstrate

the effectiveness of the propose method.

Index Terms — Bistatic MIMO radar, near-field, target

localization, parameter estimation, array signal processing

I. INTRODUCTION

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar [1-2] is a

new radar scheme, which has potential advantages in the

anti-jamming, anti stealth, anti radiation missile and so on.

The application of MIMO radar in target localization has

drawn attention in recent years [3]. For coherent MIMO

radar, the transmit antenna array can transmit multiple

orthogonal waveforms to achieve waveform diversity and

form virtual array in the receiver, which can avoid the loss

of array aperture. Many target localization methods has

been developed by direction estimation in monostatic or

bistatic MIMO radar systems [4-7]. However, in all these

algorithms, targets are assumed to be located in the far-

field and their returns are plane waves. When targets are

located close to the transmit and receive arrays, the

hypothesis is no longer valid since the wavefronts are

spherical. In recent years, low angle targets such as the

stealth aircrafts often appear with the development of

stealth technology [8]. They can easily enter the near field

of the radar without being discovered. The study of near-

field target localization in MIMO radar has an important

significance in anti-reconnaissance.

The literatures with respect to MIMO radar near-field

target localization are little. In [9], a illuminator-based

near field target localization of MIMO Radar is developed,

which assumes that the distance between target and radar

is known. In [10], a near field three-dimensional (3-D)

parameter estimation method is presented in monostatic

MIMO Radar. It determines the distance by peak search.

In this paper, a novel 4-D parameter estimation in

bistatic MIMO radar is proposed for near-field target

localization. The proposed algorithm is based on centro-

symmetric transmit and receive arrays to jointly estimate

the direction-of-departure (DOD), the direction-of-

direction (DOA), the range from transmitter to target, and

the range from target to receiver. Spectrum peak search

can be avoided. Also, the parameters for multiple targets

can be well paired.

II. N

EAR-FIELD SIGNAL MODEL FOR BISTATIC MIMO

RADAR

Fig. 1 shows the configuration of a bistatic MIMO

radar system. As illustrated in Fig.1, the transmit array

and receive array respectively consist of

and

21N

uniformly spaced omnidirectional elements with

interelements spacing

and

. Let the centers of the

transmit and receive arrays, O and O’, be the two phase

reference points. There are

targets located in the near

field. For the pth target,

1, 2, ,

, we denote

and

as the DOD, the DOA, the range from

transmitter to target, and the range from target to receiver,

respectively.

Fig. 1. Configuration of bistatic radar for near-field localization

The received signals in the l-th snapshot,

1, ,lL= "

can

be expressed as the following

(2 1)

K+×

matrix

O’

The pth target

-1

-M

-1

Transmit array

Receive array

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