Recess PHP框架官方指南

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“php Recess框架文档” 这篇文档是关于“php Recess框架”的官方指南，以英文PDF形式呈现。Recess是一个PHP开发框架，旨在简化Web应用的构建过程。该框架提供了一种结构化的方法来处理请求、路由、控制器、视图等核心Web开发元素。在文档中，"The Book of Recess"首先介绍了框架的基本概念，引导读者入门。"Getting Started"部分指导用户如何开始使用Recess，包括了解必要的系统要求和安装步骤。框架的安装要求包括PHP环境，文档中提到了下载与安装Recess的流程，并且特别提到了在Lighttpd服务器上的安装方法。此外，还有Recess的版本发布日志，帮助开发者追踪框架的更新和改进。接着，文档深入解析了Recess应用程序的结构。"The Structure of Recess Applications"章节展示了如何创建一个简单的"Hello World"应用，通过Recess Tools自动化启动应用，或者手动创建新的应用程序。这一部分还涵盖了控制器和视图的概念，以及它们如何协同工作。路由机制在Web应用中起着关键作用，它解释了如何定义URL映射到特定的控制器操作。请求对象、控制器-视图关系、响应对象以及`urlTo`助手函数也是这部分的重点。 "Writing a Recess Application"章节进一步深入到实际项目开发，详细介绍了“项目”这个概念，这通常是Recess应用的基础结构。开发者可以在这里了解如何组织代码，以及如何构建可扩展和可维护的应用程序。 "Recess Core"部分揭示了框架的核心组件，如`recess.lang`，它扩展了PHP语言，增强了类的元数据处理。文档还讲解了库类（Library Class）和自动加载器（Autoloader），这些是Recess如何管理类文件并减少手动引入的。`Object`类是框架的基础，提供了挂钩（Hooks）功能，允许在扩展注解和塑造类描述符时进行自定义。此外，文档讨论了附加方法（Attached Methods）、可包装方法（Wrappable Methods）和`IWrapperInterface`，解释了方法包装器的工作原理，以及如何组合使用它们。`Before`和`After`注解的使用也被详细阐述，这些注解允许在方法执行前后插入自定义逻辑。这份"php Recess framework documents"是学习和理解Recess框架的宝贵资源，为开发者提供了从基础到高级的全面教程，包括安装、应用构建、框架核心组件及其工作原理。对于想要使用Recess开发高效PHP Web应用的人员来说，这份指南是不可或缺的学习材料。

Hello World

After saving the recess-conf.php file we have finished installing our 'Hello World' application. By

navigating to 'Apps' we'll see our application 'Hello World' installed on the list of applications. Go ahead

and follow the link.

Figure 4.6. Viewing an App in Recess Tools

When viewing an application in Recess Tools we can see the Models, Controllers, Views, and

Routes. Note the new application wizard created a HelloWorldHome controller for us.

Figure 4.7. Hello World Application

The routes section shows us which URLs our application will respond to and which method in a

controller is being mapped. We can see the url helloWorld/ will call the index method in our

HelloWorldHomeController class. In a new tab try navigating to the location you installed

Recess followed by /helloWorld/ (probably http://localhost/helloWorld/). You should

be greeted with the default new application landing page:

Figure 4.8. The Generated Hello World Application

We've now got a simple hello world application. In the next sections we'll explore what's going on in the

Controller and View which the wizard generated.

Hello World

Creating a New Application Manually

Note: This Section is Details Oriented

This section describes the files that Recess Tools will create automatically when starting an

application. You can safely skip this section if you are not interested in those details right now.

Behind the scenes of the new application wizard a couple of steps happen to kick off a new application.

There's nothing to stop developers from doing this manually should the need arise.

The first step is creating the application directory structure. After installing Recess open up the 'apps'

directory. Create a new sub-directory with a name for your application like 'helloWorld'. Directories in

Recess are typically named using the camelCaseConvention.

Now create the following 'views' and 'controllers' sub-directories so your structure looks like this:

• apps/

• helloWorld/

• models/

• views/

• controllers/

After creating the directory structure, the next step is creating a sub-class of Application. This

class holds settings specific to the application such as the location of views in the directory structure

and the prefix of models and controllers in the class path. In the apps/helloWorld/ directory

create a new file named HelloWorldApplication.class.php. The '.class.php' extension is

an important distinction for the Recess Library to know the file contains a PHP class named

HelloWorldApplication. The class should be specified as follows:

Example 4.1. The HelloWorldApplication

<?php

Library::import('recess.framework.Application');

class HelloWorldApplication extends Application {

public function __construct() {

$this->name = 'Hello World';

$this->viewsDir = $_ENV['dir.apps'] . 'helloWorld/views/';

$this->modelsPrefix = 'helloWorld.models.';

$this->controllersPrefix = 'helloWorld.controllers.';

$this->routingPrefix = 'helloWorld/';

}

Now that the HelloWorldApplication class is setup our last step is to 'install' the application

into the recess-conf.php file. Within recess-conf.php there is an array of strings named

RecessConf::$applications. These strings point to application classes in the class path. The apps folder

is in the Library's class path so we can reference the newly created HelloWorldApplication using

'helloWorld.HelloWorldApplication'. If we were to put the HelloWorldApplication class in a

Hello World

subdirectory called app within the helloWorld subdirectory the fully-qualified class name would

be helloWorld.app.HelloWorldApplication. The convention of single classes per file and

directories being broken up with dots is an influence from Java/C# namespacing. Library is covered

in later documentation.

The Controller & View

In Recess a is an object responsible for taking a web request, invoking the intended logic in a Model, and

then selecting a View which will generate the response, likely in HTML, to be sent back to the client.

Having kicked-off a HelloWorldApplication in Recess Tools, let's take a quick look at some basic

concepts.

In an apps/helloWorld directory there is a subdirectory controllers where Controllers are

placed. Creating a new controller involves creating a new PHP file containing a class which extends

Controller. Here is an example:

Example 4.2. A functionless Controller

<?php

class HelloWorldController extends Controller { }

The file will be named HelloWorldController.class.php. The .class.php extension is

important in Recess because it implies to the Recess Library that the file has only classes defined in it.

Let's add some functionality to the controller. We will begin by adding a simple method to print 'Hello

World' and exit.

Example 4.3. Hello World! in Recess

<?php

class HelloWorldController extends Controller {

function printIt() {

print 'Hello World!'; exit;

}

If we now navigate to helloWorld/printIt we will see 'Hello World!' printed. How did the request for

helloWorld/printIt wind up getting mapped to the printIt method? This process is called Routing.

Routing

Routing is the subsystem in Recess that maps a URL to a method in your controller. For more information

on routing details refer to this article on Routing.

The Request Object

An HTTP request contains a variety of information: variables, headers, cookies, a URL, etc. Routing

takes care of mapping an HTTP method (GET/POST/PUT/DELETE) to a controller method. Within your

controller method you'll likely need to perform logic based on information in the request. Controllers

have a Request object which can be referenced using $this->request. Let's take a look:

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