SolarWinds Orion Network Performance Monitor 快速入门指南

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"OrionQuickStartGuide.pdf - SolarWinds Orion Network Performance Monitor 快速入门指南" 这份文档是SolarWinds公司的Orion Network Performance Monitor的快速启动指南，它旨在帮助用户迅速理解和部署这款强大的网络性能监控工具。SolarWinds Orion是一款企业级的网络监控平台，能够实时监控网络的性能、可用性和健康状况，确保网络运行顺畅。该指南可能涵盖了以下关键知识点： 1. **Orion Network Performance Monitor简介**：Orion NPM是SolarWinds的核心产品之一，它提供了全面的网络监控解决方案，包括对网络设备、服务器、应用程序和带宽的监控。通过集成的仪表板，用户可以一目了然地了解网络状态。 2. **安装与配置**：快速启动指南会详细说明如何下载、安装和配置Orion NPM，包括服务器要求、数据库设置、网络发现和设备添加等步骤。 3. **网络发现**：Orion NPM具有自动网络发现功能，可以扫描网络并识别所有设备，然后根据需求添加到监控列表中。 4. **性能指标监控**：Orion NPM可以监控各种网络性能指标，如CPU和内存利用率、接口带宽利用率、错误和丢包率等，帮助用户识别网络瓶颈和性能问题。 5. **警报和通知**：系统会根据预设阈值自动触发警报，并通过邮件、短信或其他方式通知管理员，确保及时响应网络问题。 6. **报告生成**：Orion NPM提供自定义报告功能，用户可以创建包含网络性能、可用性和趋势分析的报告，以便于故障排查和合规性审计。 7. **性能图表和仪表板**：直观的图形界面展示网络性能数据，用户可以自定义仪表板，以满足特定的监控需求。 8. **第三方集成**：Orion NPM可能支持与其他SolarWinds产品（如ipMonitor和LAN Surveyor）以及第三方工具的集成，扩展监控能力。 9. **知识产权和许可**：文档明确指出，所有权利归SolarWinds及其许可方所有，未经书面同意，不得复制、修改或分发文档和软件。 10. **保修声明**：SolarWinds对提供的软件和文档不做任何明示或暗示的保证，包括但不限于设计、适销性和针对特定目的的适用性保证，且在任何情况下不承担侵权责任。这份快速启动指南是新用户开始使用Orion NPM的重要参考资料，它将帮助用户快速掌握工具的使用方法，实现高效、全面的网络监控。

Quick Start Guide  SolarWinds Orion Network Performance Monitor

 Introduction

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)

For most network monitoring and management tasks, Orion NPM uses the

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). SNMP-enabled network devices,

including routers, switches, and PCs, host SNMP agents that maintain a virtual

database of system status and performance information that is tied to specific

Object Identifiers (OIDs). This virtual database is referred to as a Management

Information Base (MIB), and Orion NPM uses MIB OIDs as references to retrieve

specific data about a selected, SNMP-enabled, managed device. Access to MIB

data may be secured either with SNMP Community Strings, as provided with

SNMPv1 and SNMPv2c, or with optional SNMP credentials, as provided with

SNMPv3.

For more information about MIBs, see “Management Information Base (MIB)” on

page 7.

For more information about SNMP credentials, see “SNMP Credentials” on

page 6.

Notes:

• To properly monitor devices on your network, you must enable SNMP on all

devices that are capable of SNMP communications. The steps to enable

SNMP differ by device, so you may need to consult the documentation

provided by your device vendor.

• If SNMPv2c is enabled on a device you want Orion NPM to monitor, by

default, Orion NPM will attempt to use SNMPv2c to poll the device for

performance information. If you only want Orion NPM to poll using SNMPv1,

you must disable SNMPv2c on the device to be polled.

SNMP Credentials

SNMP credentials secure access to SNMP-enabled managed devices. SNMPv1

and SNMPv2c credentials serve as a type of password that is authenticated by

confirming a match between a cleartext SNMP Community String provided by an

SNMP request and the SNMP Community String stored as a MIB object on an

SNMP-enabled, managed device. SNMPv3 provides a more secure interaction

by employing the following fields:

• The User Name is a required cleartext string that indentifies the agent or poll

request that is attempting to access an SNMP-enabled device. User Name

functions similarly to the SNMP Community String of SNMP v1 and v2c.

• The Context is an optional identifying field that can provide an additional

layer of organization and security to the information available in the MIB of an

SNMP-enabled device. Typically, the context is an empty string unless it is

specifically configured on an SNMP-enabled device.

SolarWinds Orion Network Performance Monitor  Quick Start Guide

Introduction

 7

• SNMPv3 provides two optional Authentication Methods: Message Digest 5

(MD5) and Secure Hash Algorithm 1 (SHA1). Both methods, MD5 and SHA1,

include the Authentication Key with the SNMPv3 packet and then generate

a digest of an entire SNMPv3 packet that is then sent. MD5 digests are 20

bytes long, and SHA1 digests are 16 bytes long. When the packet is

received, the User Name is used to recreate a packet digest using the

appropriate method. Both digests are then compared to authenticate.

• SNMPv3 also provides two optional Privacy/Encryption Methods: Data

Encryption Standard (DES56) and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES128)

using a 128 bit key. DES56 uses a 56 bit key with a 56 bit salt, and AES128

uses a 128 bit key with a 128 bit salt to encrypt the full SNMP v3 packet.

Management Information Base (MIB)

A Management Information Base (MIB) is the formal description of a set of

objects that can be managed using SNMP. MIB-I refers to the initial MIB

definition, and MIB-II refers to the current definition. Each MIB object stores a

value such as

sysUpTime, bandwidth utilization, or sysContact. During

polling, Orion NPM sends a

SNMP GET request to each network device to poll the

specified MIB objects. Received responses are then recorded in the Orion NPM

database for use in Orion NPM, including within Orion Web Console resources.

Most network devices can support several different types of MIBs. While most

devices support the standard MIB-II MIBs, they may also support any of a

number of additional MIBs that you may want to monitor. Using a fully

customizable Orion Universal Device Poller, you can gather information from

virtually any MIB on any network device to which you have access.

How Orion Network Performance Monitor Works

Through ICMP, SNMP, and Syslog communication and data collection, Orion

NPM continuously monitors the health and performance of your network. Orion

NPM does this without interfering with the critical functions of your network

devices. Unlike many other network monitoring products, Orion NPM helps you

maintain the overall performance of your network in the following ways:

• Orion NPM does not install outside agents on your mission-critical servers

• Orion NPM does not employ services that take vital resources from critical

applications

• Orion NPM does not install any code on monitored network devices.

Unmanaged or outdated code can open security holes in your network.

After installing Orion NPM, you can automate the initial discovery of your

network, and then simply add new devices to Orion NPM as you add them to

your network. Orion NPM stores gathered information in a SQL database and

Quick Start Guide  SolarWinds Orion Network Performance Monitor

 Installing SolarWinds Orion Network Performance Monitor

Orion NPM Requirements

SolarWinds recommends installing Orion NPM on its own server, with the Orion

database hosted separately, on its own SQL Server. Installations of multiple

Orion NPM servers using the same database are not supported.

Orion NPM Server

The following table lists minimum software requirements for your Orion server.

Software

Requirements

Operating System

Windows 2008 Server R2 (32-bit or 64-bit, with IIS in 32-bit mode)

Windows 2003 Server R2 (32-bit or 64-bit, with IIS in 32-bit mode)

IIS must be installed. SolarWinds recommends that Orion NPM

administrators have local administrator privileges to ensure full

functionality of local Orion NPM tools. Accounts limited to use of the

web console do not require administrator privileges.

Note: SolarWinds does not support production installations of Orion

NPM in Windows XP, Windows Vista, or Windows 7 environments.

Web Server

Microsoft IIS, version 6.0 and higher, in 32-bit mode.

DNS specifications require that hostnames be composed of

alphanumeric characters (

A-Z, 0-9), the minus sign (-), and periods

(

.). Underscore characters (_) are not allowed. For more information,

see RFC 952.

Note: SolarWinds neither recommends nor supports the installation of

Orion NPM on the same server or using the same database server as a

Research in Motion (RIM) Blackberry server.

.NET Framework Version 3.5 or higher. .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 is recommended.

SNMP Trap

Services

Windows operating system management and monitoring tools

component

Web Console

Browser

Microsoft Internet Explorer version 6 or higher with Active scripting

Firefox 3.0 or higher (Toolset Integration is not supported on Firefox)

The following hardware requirements are listed by Orion NPM license level.

Hardware

SL100, SL250, or SL500

SL2000

SLX

CPU Speed

2.0 GHz

2.4 GHz

3.0 GHz

Note:

Dual processor, dual core is recommended.

Hard Drive

Space

2 GB

5 GB

20 GB

Note: A RAID 1 drive for server operating system, Orion NPM installation,

and tempdb files is recommended. The Orion installer needs 1GB on the

drive where temporary Windows system or user variables are stored. Per

Windows standards, some common files may need to be installed on the

same drive as your server operating system. For more information, see

“

Working with System Temporary Directories” in the SolarWinds Orion

Network Performance Monitor Administrator Guide.

Memory

2 GB

3 GB

Application

Ports

161/SNMP and 443/SNMP. VMware ESX/ESXi Servers are polled on 443.

17777/TCP open for Orion module traffic

17778/ HTTPS open to access the SolarWinds Information Service API

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