IEEE802.11n无线局域网高吞吐量增强标准草案

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"IEEE 802.11n 是一个无线局域网（WLAN）标准，旨在显著提升无线网络的数据传输速率。这个标准由电气和电子工程师协会（IEEE）制定，其英文文档为IEEEP802.11n/D3.00，发布于2007年。该文档是草案版本，可能会有变动，因此在使用时需注意其未经最终批准的状态。802.11n标准是802.11系列标准的一部分，主要关注介质访问控制（MAC）层和物理层（PHY）的规范，旨在实现更高的吞吐量。此标准的制定由802.11工作组负责，旨在提高无线通信效率，满足更多带宽需求的应用，如高清视频流、在线游戏和大文件传输等。" IEEE 802.11n标准的关键改进包括： 1. **多输入多输出（MIMO）技术**：802.11n引入了MIMO技术，通过使用多个天线同时发送和接收数据，极大地提高了无线信号的传输效率和抗干扰能力。MIMO系统可以利用空间多样性和信号干涉来提升网络容量。 2. **信道捆绑**：802.11n允许将两个或四个20MHz的无线信道捆绑在一起，形成一个更宽的40MHz信道，从而提供更高的带宽，理论上最高速度可达600Mbps。 3. **正交频分复用（OFDM）增强**：在802.11a/g标准的基础上，802.11n进一步优化了OFDM技术，增加了子载波数量，减少了数据传输错误。 4. **帧聚合**：802.11n支持在单个无线传输中发送多个数据包，减少了传输开销，提升了整体效率。 5. **短 guard interval (SGI)**：缩短保护间隔可以提高信道利用率，进一步提高传输速度，但可能会对长距离传输造成影响。 6. **增强型分布式链路状态（EDCA）**：改善了多用户环境下的服务质量，确保不同优先级的数据包得到适当的服务。 802.11n标准的实施不仅提升了家庭和企业网络的性能，也为公共场所如机场、咖啡厅等提供了更快的无线接入服务。然而，由于其使用了更宽的信道，可能与相邻的802.11a/b/g设备产生干扰，因此在部署时需要合理规划无线频道。 IEEE 802.11n是无线通信领域的一次重大进步，它通过技术创新实现了高速率、高稳定性的无线连接，为后来的802.11ac和802.11ax（Wi-Fi 6）等更高速度标准奠定了基础。尽管802.11n已逐渐被更先进的标准所取代，但在许多场合，它仍然是可靠的高速无线连接选择。

IEEE P802.11n/D3.00, September 2007

This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.

20.5.5.4.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 329

20.5.5.5 PMD_TXEND.request................................................................................. 329

20.5.5.5.1 Function ................................................................................... 329

20.5.5.5.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 329

20.5.5.5.3 When generated ....................................................................... 329

20.5.5.5.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 329

20.5.5.6 PMD_TXPWRLVL.request ........................................................................ 329

20.5.5.6.1 Function ................................................................................... 329

20.5.5.6.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 330

20.5.5.6.3 When generated ....................................................................... 330

20.5.5.6.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 330

20.5.5.7 PMD_RSSI.indication ................................................................................. 330

20.5.5.7.1 Function ................................................................................... 330

20.5.5.7.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 330

20.5.5.7.3 When generated ....................................................................... 330

20.5.5.7.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 330

20.5.5.8 PMD_RCPI.indication................................................................................. 330

20.5.5.8.1 Function ................................................................................... 330

20.5.5.8.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 330

20.5.5.8.3 When generated ....................................................................... 331

20.5.5.8.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 331

20.5.5.9 PMD_TX_PARAMETERS.request ............................................................ 331

20.5.5.9.1 Function ................................................................................... 331

20.5.5.9.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 331

20.5.5.9.3 When generated ....................................................................... 331

20.5.5.9.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 331

20.5.5.10 PMD_CBW_OFFSET.indication ................................................................ 331

20.5.5.10.1 Function ................................................................................... 331

20.5.5.10.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 331

20.5.5.10.3 When generated ....................................................................... 331

20.5.5.10.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 332

20.5.5.11 PMD_CHAN_MAT.indication.................................................................... 332

20.5.5.11.1 Function ................................................................................... 332

20.5.5.11.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 332

20.5.5.11.3 When generated ....................................................................... 332

20.5.5.11.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 332

20.5.5.12 PMD_FORMAT.indication ......................................................................... 332

20.5.5.12.1 Function ................................................................................... 332

20.5.5.12.2 Semantics of the service primitive........................................... 332

20.5.5.12.3 When generated ....................................................................... 332

20.5.5.12.4 Effect of receipt ....................................................................... 332

20.6 Parameters for HT Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCS) ................................................. 332

Annex A (normative) PICS......................................................................................................................... 343

A.4 PICS proforma–IEEE Std 802.11-2007........................................................................... 343

A.4.3 IUT configuration............................................................................................... 343

A.4.14 QoS base functionality ....................................................................................... 343

A.4.19 Higher Throughput (HT) features ...................................................................... 344

A.4.19.1 HT MAC features................................................................................ 344

A.4.19.2 HT PHY features................................................................................. 351

Annex C (informative) Formal description of a subset of MAC operation................................................ 370

C.3 State machines for MAC stations .................................................................................... 370

IEEE P802.11n/D3.00, September 2007

xvii

This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.

Annex D (normative) ASN.1 encoding of the MAC and PHY MIB........................................................... 371

Annex G (informative) An example

Examples of encoding a frame for the OFDM PHYs........................ 423

G.1 Example 1 - BCC encoding ............................................................................................. 423

G.1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 423

G.1.2 The message for the BCC example .................................................................... 424

G.1.5 Generating the DATA bits for the BCC example .............................................. 425

G.1.5.1 Delineating, SERVICE field prepending, and zero padding............... 425

G.1.5.2 Scrambling the BCC example............................................................. 428

G.1.6 Generating the first DATA symbol for the BCC example................................. 430

G.1.6.1 Coding the DATA bits ........................................................................ 430

G.1.8 The entire packet for the BCC example ............................................................. 432

G.2 Generating encoded DATA bits — LDPC example 1..................................................... 442

G.2.1 The message for LDPC example 1..................................................................... 442

G.2.2 Prepending the SERVICE field for LDPC example 1 ....................................... 442

G.2.3 Scrambling LDPC example 1............................................................................. 442

G.2.4 Inserting the shortening bits for LDPC example 1............................................. 446

G.2.5 Encoding the data for LDPC example 1............................................................. 448

G.2.6 Removing the shortening bits and puncturing for LDPC example 1 ................. 451

G.3 Generating encoded DATA bits — LDPC example 2..................................................... 454

G.3.1 The message for LDPC example 2..................................................................... 454

G.3.2 Prepending the SERVICE field for LDPC example 2 ....................................... 454

G.3.3 Scrambling LDPC example 2............................................................................. 455

G.3.4 Inserting the shortening bits for LDPC example 2............................................. 459

G.3.5 Encoding the data for LDPC example 2............................................................. 461

G.3.6 Removing the shortening bits and repetition for LDPC example 2 ................... 461

Annex I (informative) Regulatory Classes ................................................................................................. 471

Annex J (normative) Country information element and regulatory classes ................................................ 473

Annex P (normative) HT LDPC matrix definitions.................................................................................... 475

Annex Q (normative) ASN.1 encoding of the RRM MIB.......................................................................... 479

Annex R (informative) Frame exchange sequences .................................................................................... 501

Annex S (informative) Additional high throughput information................................................................. 512

S.1 Waveform generator tool ................................................................................................. 512

S.2 Summary of the use of HT Protection signaling.............................................................. 512

S.3 A-MPDU de-aggregation................................................................................................. 514

S.4 20/40 MHz BSS establishment and maintenance ............................................................ 515

S.4.1 Signaling 20/40 MHz BSS capability and operation ......................................... 515

S.4.2 establishing a 20/40 MHz BSS........................................................................... 515

S.4.3 Monitoring channels for other BSS operation.................................................... 516

Annex T (informative) Bibliography........................................................................................................... 519

IEEE P802.11n/D3.00, September 2007

This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.

Tables

Table 7-1—Valid type and subtype combinations ........................................................................................ 13

Table 7-4—QoS Control F

field ..................................................................................................................... 16

Table 7-6—Ack Policy subfield in QoS Control field of QoS data frames .................................................. 17

Table 7-6a—Link Adaptation Control subfields ........................................................................................... 19

Table 7-6b—Subfields of the MAI field........................................................................................................ 20

Table 7-6c—The ASEL Command and ASEL Data subfields...................................................................... 20

Table 7-6d—Calibration Control subfields ................................................................................................... 22

Table 7-6e—CSI/Steering values .................................................................................................................. 22

Table 7-6f—AC Constraint values ................................................................................................................ 22

Table 7-6g—RDG/More PPDU values ......................................................................................................... 23

Table 7-6h—BAR Ack Policy subfield for HT-delayed Block Ack ............................................................. 27

Table 7-6i—BlockAckReq frame variant encoding ...................................................................................... 27

Table 7-6j—BA Ack Policy subfield for HT-delayed Block Ack................................................................. 30

Table 7-6k—BlockAck frame variant encoding............................................................................................ 30

Table 7-7—Address field contents ................................................................................................................ 34

Table 7-8—Beacon frame body..................................................................................................................... 36

Table 7-10—Association Request frame body .............................................................................................. 37

Table 7-11—Association Response frame body ........................................................................................... 38

Table 7-12—Reassociation Request frame format........................................................................................ 38

Table 7-13—Reassociation Response frame body ........................................................................................ 39

Table 7-14—Probe Request frame body ....................................................................................................... 39

Table 7-15—Probe Response frame body ..................................................................................................... 40

Table 7-15a—Measurement Pilot frame body............................................................................................... 40

Table 7-19a—Action No Ack frame body .................................................................................................... 41

Table 7-23—Status codes .............................................................................................................................. 41

Table 7-24—Category Values ....................................................................................................................... 42

Table 7-25—Settings of the Max SP Length subfield................................................................................... 43

Table 7-25a—Subfields of the MIMO Control field ..................................................................................... 47

Table 7-25b—CSI Report fixed field (20 MHz) ........................................................................................... 48

Table 7-25c—CSI Report fixed field (40 MHz)............................................................................................ 49

Table 7-25d—Number of matrices and carrier grouping .............................................................................. 49

Table 7-25e—Non-compressed Beamforming Report fixed field (20 MHz)................................................ 50

Table 7-25f—Non-compressed Beamforming Report fixed field (40 MHz) ................................................ 51

Table 7-25g—Order of angles in the Compressed Beamforming Report field............................................. 52

Table 7-25h—Quantization of angles............................................................................................................ 53

Table 7-25i—Compressed Beamforming Report fixed field (20 MHz)........................................................ 54

Table 7-25j—Compressed Beamforming Report fixed field (40 MHz)........................................................ 54

Table 7-26—Element IDs.............................................................................................................................. 56

Table 7-26—Element IDs.............................................................................................................................. 57

Table 7-26a—BSS membership selector value encoding..............................................................................58

Table 7-29c—Group Identity for a STA Statistics Request .......................................................................... 60

Table 7-31b—Group Identity for a STA Statistics Report ............................................................................ 61

Table 7-31b—Group Identity for a STA Statistics Report ............................................................................ 62

Table 7-37—Default EDCA Parameter Set element parameter values......................................................... 64

Table 7-38—Direction subfield encoding ..................................................................................................... 64

Table 7-41—Setting of Schedule Subfield .................................................................................................... 65

Table 7-43b—Optional Sub-elements ........................................................................................................... 67

Table 7-43g—Subfields of the HT Capabilities Info field ............................................................................ 68

Table 7-43h—Subfields of the A-MPDU Parameters field........................................................................... 70

IEEE P802.11n/D3.00, September 2007

xix

This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.

Table 7-43i—Transmit MCS Set................................................................................................................... 72

Table 7-43j—Subfields of the HT Extended Capabilities field.....................................................................73

Table 7-43k—Subfields of the Transmit Beamforming Capabilities field.................................................... 74

Table 7-43l—Subfields of the Antenna Selection Capability field ............................................................... 77

Table 7-43m—HT Information element........................................................................................................ 78

Table 7-50—DLS Request frame body ......................................................................................................... 86

Table 7-51—DLS Response frame body....................................................................................................... 86

Table 7-57ab—Public Action field values..................................................................................................... 86

Table 7-57ac—20/40 BSS Coexistence Management...................................................................................87

Table 7-57g—HT Action field values ........................................................................................................... 87

Table 7-57h—Notify Channel Width ............................................................................................................ 88

Table 7-57i—SM Power Save ....................................................................................................................... 88

Table 7-57j—Format of the PSMP Management Action field...................................................................... 89

Table 7-57k—Set PCO Phase........................................................................................................................ 89

Table 7-57l—CSI........................................................................................................................................... 90

Table 7-57m—Non-compressed Beamforming............................................................................................. 90

Table 7-57n—Compressed Beamforming ..................................................................................................... 91

Table 7-57o—Antenna Selection Indices Feedback...................................................................................... 91

Table 7-57p— MPDU Delimiter fields ......................................................................................................... 93

Table 7-57q—A-MPDU contents using HT-immediate Block Ack ............................................................. 94

Table 7-57r—A-MPDU contents using HT-delayed Block Ack................................................................... 94

Table 7-57s—A-MPDU contents using MTBA/PSMP................................................................................. 94

Table 7-57u—A-MPDU contents using No Ack........................................................................................... 95

Table 7-57t—A-MPDU contents MPDUs using explicit feedback............................................................... 95

Table 9-1a—Dual CTS rules ....................................................................................................................... 104

Table 9-2—Modulation classes ................................................................................................................... 116

Table 9-2a—Non-HT reference rate............................................................................................................ 117

Table 9-6—Protection requirements for HT Protection field values 1 and 3.............................................. 136

Table 9-7—Applicable HT protection mechanisms .................................................................................... 137

Table 9-8—STA type requirements for transmit Beamforming with implicit feedback............................. 158

Table 9-9—Transmit beamforming support required with implicit feedback............................................. 158

Table 11-1—Power Management modes .................................................................................................... 193

Table 11-8a—A-MSDU STA Behavior for RSNA associations................................................................. 220

Table 12-2— PHY-SAP sublayer-to-sublayer service primitives ............................................................... 221

Table 12-3—PHY-SAP service primitive parameters.................................................................................221

Table 12-4—Vector descriptions................................................................................................................. 222

Table 20-1—TXVECTOR and RXVECTOR parameters .......................................................................... 228

Table 20-2—PPDU format as a function of CH_BANDWIDTH and CH_OFFSET parameters............... 237

Table 20-3—Mapping of the HT PHY parameters for NON_HT operation............................................... 238

Table 20-4—Elements of the HT PLCP packet........................................................................................... 240

Table 20-5—Timing related constants ........................................................................................................ 247

Table 20-6—Frequently used parameters.................................................................................................... 248

Table 20-7—Value of tone scaling factor ................................................................................................... 252

Table 20-8—Cyclic shift for non-HT portion of the packet........................................................................254

Table 20-9—Cyclic shift values of the HT portion of the packet ............................................................... 258

Table 20-10—Fields of the HT SIGNAL field............................................................................................ 259

Table 20-11—Determining the number of space time streams ................................................................... 265

Table 20-12—Number of DLTFs required for data space-time streams..................................................... 265

Table 20-13—Number of ELTFs required for extension spatial streams: .................................................. 265

Table 20-14—LDPC parameters ................................................................................................................. 274

Table 20-15—PPDU encoding parameters.................................................................................................. 276

Table 20-16—Number of rows and columns in the interleaver .................................................................. 279

Table 20-17—Constellation mapper output to spatial mapper input for STBC .......................................... 282

IEEE P802.11n/D3.00, September 2007

This is an unapproved IEEE Standards Draft, subject to change.

Table 20-18—Pilot values for 20 MHz transmission .................................................................................. 283

Table 20-19—Pilots values for 40 MHz transmission (excluding MCS 32)............................................... 283

Table 20-20—Maximum available space-time streams .............................................................................. 300

Table 20-21—Allowed relative constellation error versus constellation size and coding rate.................... 305

Table 20-22—Receiver minimum input level sensitivity............................................................................307

Table 20-23—HT PHY MIB attributes ....................................................................................................... 318

Table 20-24—MIMO PHY characteristics.................................................................................................. 324

Table 20-25—PMD_SAP peer-to-peer service primitives .......................................................................... 326

Table 20-26—PMD_SAP sublayer-to-sublayer service primitives............................................................. 326

Table 20-27—List of parameters for the PMD primitives .......................................................................... 327

Table 20-29—MCS parameters for mandatory 20 MHz, N

= 1, N

= 1, EQM..................................... 333

Table 20-28—Symbols used in MCS parameter tables............................................................................... 333

Table 20-30—MCS parameters for optional 20 MHz, N

= 2, N

= 1, EQM......................................... 334

Table 20-31—MCS parameters for optional 20 MHz, N

= 3, N

= 1, EQM......................................... 334

Table 20-32—MCS parameters for optional 20 MHz, N

= 4, N

= 1, EQM......................................... 335

Table 20-33—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz, N

= 1, N

= 1 ................................................... 335

Table 20-34—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz, N

= 2, N

= 1, EQM......................................... 336

Table 20-35—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz, N

= 3, EQM ....................................................... 336

Table 20-36—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz, N

= 4, EQM ....................................................... 337

Table 20-37—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz MCS 32 format, N

= 1, N

= 1 ......................... 337

Table 20-38—MCS parameters for optional 20 MHz, N

= 2, N

= 1, UEQM...................................... 337

Table 20-39—MCS parameters for optional 20 MHz, N

= 3 MCSs, N

= 1, UEQM .......................... 338

Table 20-40—MCS parameters for optional 20 MHz, N

= 4, N

= 1, UEQM ..................................... 339

Table 20-41—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz, N

= 2 MCSs, N

= 1, UEQM........................... 340

Table 20-42—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz, N

= 3, UEQM .................................................... 340

Table 20-43—MCS parameters for optional 40 MHz, N

= 4, UEQM .................................................... 341

Table G.1—The message for the BCC example ......................................................................................... 425

Table G.13—The DATA bits before scrambling ........................................................................................ 427

Table G.16—The DATA bits after scrambling ........................................................................................... 429

Table G.18—The BCC encoded DATA bits ............................................................................................... 431

Table G.24—Time domain representation of the short training sequence .................................................. 433

Table G.25—Time domain representation of the long training sequence .................................................. 435

Table G.26—Time domain representation of the SIGNAL field (1 symbol) ............................................ 436

Table G.27—Time domain representation of the DATA field: symbol 1of 6 ........................................... 437

Table G.28—Time domain representation of the DATA field: symbol 2 of 6 .......................................... 438

Table G.29—Time domain representation of the DATA field: symbol 3 of 6 .......................................... 439

Table G.30—Time domain representation of the DATA field: symbol 4 of 6 .......................................... 439

Table G.31—Time domain representation of the DATA field: symbol 5 of 6 .......................................... 440

Table G.32—Time domain representation of the DATA field: symbol 6 of 6 .......................................... 441

Table G.33—The message for LDPC example 1 ....................................................................................... 443

Table G.34—The DATA bits for LDPC example 1 before scrambling .................................................... 444

Table G.35—The DATA bits for LDPC example 1 after scrambling ........................................................ 445

Table G.36—The DATA bits for LDPC example 1 after insertion of shortening bits ............................... 447

Table G.37—The DATA bits for LDPC example 1 after LDPC encoding. ............................................... 449

Table G.38—The DATA bits after puncturing and removal of shortening bits ......................................... 452

Table G.39—The message for LDPC example 2 ......................................................................................455

Table G.40—The DATA bits for LDPC example 2 before scrambling ..................................................... 456

Table G.41—The DATA bits for LDPC example 2 after scrambling ........................................................ 457

Table G.42—The DATA bits for LDPC Example #2 after insertion of shortening bits ............................ 460

Table G.43—The DATA bits for LDPC example 2 after LDPC encoding ................................................ 462

Table G.44—The DATA bits after removal of shortening bits and copying of repetition bits .................. 465

Table I.3—Behavior limits sets ................................................................................................................... 471

Table J.1—Regulatory classes in the USA.................................................................................................. 473

Table J.2—Regulatory classes in Europe .................................................................................................... 474

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