Cu掺杂对Ce掺杂ZnO纳米粒子结构、光学与磁性质的影响分析

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"这篇研究论文探讨了Cu掺杂对Ce掺杂ZnO纳米粒子在结构、光学和磁性方面的影响。通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了Zn0.99Ce0.01O和Zn0.98Cu0.01Ce0.01O纳米结构粉末，并利用X射线衍射（XRD）进行分析。结果显示，两者均呈现单一相的ZnO六方晶系结构。相较于Zn0.99Ce0.01O，Zn0.98Cu0.01Ce0.01O的晶体质量有所提高。X射线光电子能谱（XPS）进一步揭示了材料的成分和表面状态。此外，研究还通过光学和磁性测量方法探讨了掺杂如何改变这些纳米粒子的性能。" 在纳米科学和纳米技术领域，本研究关注的是掺杂对ZnO纳米粒子性能的影响。ZnO作为一种宽带隙半导体材料，具有优异的光学和磁学特性，广泛应用于光电设备、传感器和磁性材料等。Ce和Cu的掺杂旨在优化这些特性，以适应不同的应用需求。首先，XRD结果表明，两种样品都保持了ZnO的典型六方wurtzite结构，这意味着掺杂并未破坏其基本晶体结构。然而，Cu的掺入显著提升了Zn0.98Cu0.01Ce0.01O的晶体质量，这可能归因于Cu离子对晶格的稳定作用，减少了缺陷和位错的数量，从而改善了整体的晶体完整性。 XPS分析提供了有关样品化学组成的深入信息，可以揭示Ce和Cu在ZnO晶格中的掺杂位置以及它们与周围原子的相互作用。Ce通常作为激活剂引入，以增强材料的发光性质，而Cu则可能引入磁性，因为Cu离子具有未填充的d轨道，能够导致局域磁矩。光学性质的改变是通过光吸收或荧光光谱等实验来检测的。Ce的掺杂可能导致材料的吸收边移动或产生新的发射峰，这与Ce离子的f-f电子跃迁相关。而Cu的掺杂可能引入新的吸收带，这可能影响材料的光电响应和光致发光效率。最后，磁性测量是理解掺杂如何影响ZnO磁性的关键。ZnO本身是抗磁性的，但Cu的掺杂可能使材料呈现出铁磁性或顺磁性，这取决于Cu离子的自旋排列。这种磁性转变对于开发新型磁性纳米材料具有重要意义。该研究通过系统地探究Cu和Ce掺杂对ZnO纳米粒子的结构、光学和磁性的影响，揭示了掺杂元素如何调控这些纳米粒子的性能，为进一步优化和设计高性能的ZnO基纳米材料提供了理论基础和实验依据。

Printed in the United States of America

Nanoscience and

Nanotechnology Letters

Vol. 7, 1–4, 2015

Cu-Doping Effect on Structural, Optical and Magnetic

Proper ties of Ce-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles

Huilian Liu

1 2

, Junlin Song

1 2

, Hongbo Li

,XinCheng

1 2

,MingGao

1 2

, Weijun Li

1 2

Xu Zhang

1 2

, Lianhua Fei

1 2

,YangLiu

1 2

, and Jinghai Yang

1 2 ∗

Institute of Condensed State Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People’s Republic of China

Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Physics and Chemistry (Jilin Normal University),

Ministry of Education, Siping 136000, People’s Republic of China

East China University of Science and Technology

099

001

O and Zn

098

001

O nanostructure powders have been successfully fabricated

by sol–gel method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed that the Zn

099

001

O and

098

001

O were single phase with the wurtzite structure of ZnO. The crystal quality of the

098

001

O was found to improve compared to that of the Zn

099

001

O samples. X-ray pho-

toelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that the valence state of Ce didn’t change after Cu doping.

And the Cu ions doping induced an increase in the green emission was observed with incorporating

of Cu from the photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy results. Zn

099

001

O and Zn

098

001

nanostructure powders showed the obvious hysteresis loops at room temperature and the satura-

tion magnetization (Ms) increases with incorporating of Cu. These interesting magnetic properties

were explained based on the defect-related model for ferromagnetism.

Keywords: Nanoparticle, Ce, Cu Co-Doping, Photoluminescence, Sol–Gel Method.

1. INTRODUCTION

ZnO nanostructures have potential applications in solar

cells, electrodes, sensors, transparent UV p rotection

ﬁlms, UV light emission, surface acoustic waves, and

magneto-optical devices.

1–10

Diluted magnetic semicon-

ductor (DMSs) have been extensively studied over the

last decade for their unique semiconducting and magnetic

properties. The ZnO based diluted magnetic semiconduc-

tor is one of the most widely studied systems to realize

high-temperature ferromagnetism according to the theo-

retical predictions, having attracted a great deal of atten-

tion in recent years.

11–13

Among all the TM dopants, Cu

has become the ultimate choice of many, owing to the

ﬁrst-principles calculations based on the density functional

theory which revealed that Cu substitution with suitable

concentration favors a ferromagnetic ground state, and the

fact that neither metallic Cu nor its oxides (CuO and

O) are ferromagnetic at 300 K is advantageous, remov-

ing any possibility of ferromagnetism arising from the

presence of precipitates or secondary phases.

14–17

Then the

rare-earth metal Ce possesses unique optical and catalytic

characteristic, therefore Ce may be an ideal dopant and

∗

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

catalyst.

18 19

Recently, many researchers have tried to dope

other ions into the ZnO based DMSs to obtain two metal

ions co-doped ZnO in order to change their optical and

magnetic properties by introducing additional carriers.

20–22

Then quite a few studies on the optical and magnetic prop-

erties of rare-earth and transition metal ions co-doped ZnO

were done.

In this work, Ce doped and (Cu, Ce)-codoped ZnO pow-

ders were fabricated by sol–gel method, the effects of Cu

on the structural, optical and magn e tic proper ties of Ce-

doped ZnO powders were studied.

2. EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS

According to the Cerium concentration of 1 at.% and the

Copper concentration of 1 at.%, the Ce doped ZnO and

Cu, Ce-codoped ZnO nanostructure were prepared from

[Zn(NO



· 6H

O] (99.9%), [Cu(NO



· 3H

O] (99.9%)

and [ Ce(NO



· 6H

O] (99.9%). These compounds were

mixed and dissolved into citric acid (C

· H

(99.5%) to get homogeneous solution while stirring for

2 h. The solution was dried at 80



C to obtain xerogel.

The drying of xerogel was completed at 130



C resulting

in a reticular substance which was ground to powder in an

agate mortar. Sintering of the powders was carried out at

Nanosci. Nanotechnol. Lett. 2015, Vol. 7, No. xx 1941-4900/2015/7/001/004 doi:10.1166/nnl.2015.1995 1

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