Spring Boot开发指南：入门与深入

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SpringBoot是Java开发领域中的一款热门框架，它简化了现代Web应用程序的初始设置和部署流程。Spring Boot Reference Guide（1.5.2.RELEASE）是一份详细的文档，旨在为开发者提供关于如何使用Spring Boot进行高效开发的全面指导。文档大纲分为两大部分： 1. Spring Boot Documentation - 关于文档：文档旨在为读者提供易于理解和使用的帮助，无论是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，都能从中获益。 - 获取帮助：文档提供多种途径获取支持，包括官方论坛、社区资源和问题解答。 - 首步指南：这部分介绍Spring Boot的核心概念，让开发者快速上手。 2. Getting Started - Introducing Spring Boot：章节详细介绍了Spring Boot的基本理念，即通过自动配置和约定优于配置的原则，减少开发者的样板代码量。 - System Requirements：强调了Spring Boot对运行环境的要求，包括推荐的Servlet容器（如Tomcat、Jetty等）以及最低版本的Java。 - 安装Spring Boot： - Maven安装：提供了使用Maven构建Spring Boot项目的步骤。 - Gradle安装：对于使用Gradle作为构建工具的开发者，指南会指导如何配置项目。 - Spring Boot CLI：介绍了手动下载和使用Spring Boot命令行工具的选项，以及利用SDKMAN!或Homebrew和MacPorts等包管理器进行安装的方法。在"Working with Spring Boot"部分，开发者将学习如何配置应用、处理依赖、创建RESTful API和集成数据库。"Moving to Production"章节关注部署和生产环境中的注意事项，包括部署模式、监控和安全配置。 "Advanced topics"涵盖了更深层次的主题，如Spring Boot的扩展性、微服务架构、Spring Cloud集成以及与Spring Framework其他模块的协同工作。 Spring Boot Reference Guide是一份不可或缺的参考资料，无论你是希望入门Spring Boot，还是想要深入了解其高级特性和最佳实践，都能从中找到所需的信息。通过阅读和实践这份文档，开发者能够提升开发效率，降低复杂性，并更好地利用Spring Boot的特性构建可维护的现代企业级应用。

Spring Boot Reference Guide

72.8. Discover built-in options for external properties.......................................................236

73. Embedded servlet containers..............................................................................................237

73.1. Add a Servlet, Filter or Listener to an application.....................................................237

Add a Servlet, Filter or Listener using a Spring bean...............................................237

Disable registration of a Servlet or Filter..........................................................237

Add Servlets, Filters, and Listeners using classpath scanning.................................237

73.2. Change the HTTP port.............................................................................................238

73.3. Use a random unassigned HTTP port......................................................................238

73.4. Discover the HTTP port at runtime...........................................................................238

73.5. Configure SSL.......................................................................................................... 238

73.6. Configure Access Logging....................................................................................... 239

73.7. Use behind a front-end proxy server........................................................................239

Customize Tomcat’s proxy configuration..................................................................240

73.8. Configure Tomcat..................................................................................................... 240

73.9. Enable Multiple Connectors with Tomcat.................................................................240

73.10. Use Tomcat’s LegacyCookieProcessor.................................................................241

73.11. Use Jetty instead of Tomcat...................................................................................241

73.12. Configure Jetty....................................................................................................... 242

73.13. Use Undertow instead of Tomcat...........................................................................242

73.14. Configure Undertow............................................................................................... 243

73.15. Enable Multiple Listeners with Undertow...............................................................243

73.16. Use Tomcat 7.x or 8.0............................................................................................ 243

Use Tomcat 7.x or 8.0 with Maven...........................................................................243

Use Tomcat 7.x or 8.0 with Gradle...........................................................................244

73.17. Use Jetty 9.2.......................................................................................................... 244

Use Jetty 9.2 with Maven......................................................................................... 244

Use Jetty 9.2 with Gradle......................................................................................... 244

73.18. Use Jetty 8.............................................................................................................244

Use Jetty 8 with Maven.............................................................................................245

Use Jetty 8 with Gradle.............................................................................................245

73.19. Create WebSocket endpoints using @ServerEndpoint.........................................245

73.20. Enable HTTP response compression....................................................................246

74. Spring MVC......................................................................................................................... 247

74.1. Write a JSON REST service....................................................................................247

74.2. Write an XML REST service....................................................................................247

74.3. Customize the Jackson ObjectMapper....................................................................247

74.4. Customize the @ResponseBody rendering.............................................................249

74.5. Handling Multipart File Uploads...............................................................................249

74.6. Switch off the Spring MVC DispatcherServlet..........................................................249

74.7. Switch off the Default MVC configuration.................................................................250

74.8. Customize ViewResolvers.......................................................................................250

74.9. Use Thymeleaf 3...................................................................................................... 251

75. HTTP clients........................................................................................................................ 252

75.1. Configure RestTemplate to use a proxy...................................................................252

76. Logging................................................................................................................................ 253

76.1. Configure Logback for logging.................................................................................253

Configure logback for file only output.......................................................................254

76.2. Configure Log4j for logging......................................................................................254

Use YAML or JSON to configure Log4j 2.................................................................255

77. Data Access......................................................................................................................... 256

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77.1. Configure a custom DataSource..............................................................................256

77.2. Configure Two DataSources.................................................................................... 258

77.3. Use Spring Data repositories...................................................................................259

77.4. Separate @Entity definitions from Spring configuration..........................................259

77.5. Configure JPA properties......................................................................................... 259

77.6. Use a custom EntityManagerFactory.......................................................................260

77.7. Use Two EntityManagers......................................................................................... 260

77.8. Use a traditional persistence.xml.............................................................................261

77.9. Use Spring Data JPA and Mongo repositories.........................................................261

77.10. Expose Spring Data repositories as REST endpoint.............................................261

77.11. Configure a component that is used by JPA..........................................................262

78. Database initialization..........................................................................................................263

78.1. Initialize a database using JPA................................................................................263

78.2. Initialize a database using Hibernate.......................................................................263

78.3. Initialize a database using Spring JDBC..................................................................263

78.4. Initialize a Spring Batch database............................................................................264

78.5. Use a higher-level database migration tool..............................................................264

Execute Flyway database migrations on startup......................................................264

Execute Liquibase database migrations on startup..................................................265

79. Messaging........................................................................................................................... 266

79.1. Disable transacted JMS session..............................................................................266

80. Batch applications................................................................................................................ 267

80.1. Execute Spring Batch jobs on startup......................................................................267

81. Actuator............................................................................................................................... 268

81.1. Change the HTTP port or address of the actuator endpoints..................................268

81.2. Customize the ‘whitelabel’ error page......................................................................268

81.3. Actuator and Jersey................................................................................................. 268

82. Security................................................................................................................................ 269

82.1. Switch off the Spring Boot security configuration.....................................................269

82.2. Change the AuthenticationManager and add user accounts...................................269

82.3. Enable HTTPS when running behind a proxy server...............................................269

83. Hot swapping....................................................................................................................... 271

83.1. Reload static content...............................................................................................271

83.2. Reload templates without restarting the container...................................................271

Thymeleaf templates................................................................................................271

FreeMarker templates............................................................................................... 271

Groovy templates......................................................................................................271

83.3. Fast application restarts...........................................................................................271

83.4. Reload Java classes without restarting the container..............................................272

Configuring Spring Loaded for use with Maven........................................................272

Configuring Spring Loaded for use with Gradle and IntelliJ IDEA............................272

84. Build..................................................................................................................................... 274

84.1. Generate build information.......................................................................................274

84.2. Generate git information..........................................................................................274

84.3. Customize dependency versions.............................................................................275

84.4. Create an executable JAR with Maven....................................................................275

84.5. Use a Spring Boot application as a dependency......................................................276

84.6. Extract specific libraries when an executable jar runs.............................................276

84.7. Create a non-executable JAR with exclusions.........................................................277

84.8. Remote debug a Spring Boot application started with Maven.................................278

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84.9. Remote debug a Spring Boot application started with Gradle.................................278

84.10. Build an executable archive from Ant without using spring-boot-antlib..................279

84.11. How to use Java 6.................................................................................................279

Embedded servlet container compatibility................................................................280

Jackson.................................................................................................................... 280

JTA API compatibility................................................................................................280

85. Traditional deployment......................................................................................................... 281

85.1. Create a deployable war file.....................................................................................281

85.2. Create a deployable war file for older servlet containers.........................................282

85.3. Convert an existing application to Spring Boot.........................................................282

85.4. Deploying a WAR to WebLogic................................................................................284

85.5. Deploying a WAR in an Old (Servlet 2.5) Container................................................284

X. Appendices.................................................................................................................................... 286

A. Common application properties............................................................................................. 287

B. Configuration meta-data........................................................................................................309

B.1. Meta-data format........................................................................................................ 309

Group Attributes........................................................................................................ 310

Property Attributes....................................................................................................311

Hint Attributes........................................................................................................... 312

Repeated meta-data items.......................................................................................313

B.2. Providing manual hints..............................................................................................313

Value hint..................................................................................................................314

Value provider.......................................................................................................... 314

Any 315

Class reference................................................................................................ 315

Handle As........................................................................................................316

Logger name.................................................................................................... 317

Spring bean reference......................................................................................318

Spring profile name..........................................................................................318

B.3. Generating your own meta-data using the annotation processor..............................319

Nested properties.....................................................................................................320

Adding additional meta-data.....................................................................................320

C. Auto-configuration classes....................................................................................................321

C.1. From the “spring-boot-autoconfigure” module...........................................................321

C.2. From the “spring-boot-actuator” module....................................................................324

D. Test auto-configuration annotations......................................................................................326

E. The executable jar format.....................................................................................................328

E.1. Nested JARs.............................................................................................................. 328

The executable jar file structure...............................................................................328

The executable war file structure..............................................................................328

E.2. Spring Boot’s “JarFile” class......................................................................................329

Compatibility with the standard Java “JarFile”..........................................................329

E.3. Launching executable jars......................................................................................... 329

Launcher manifest....................................................................................................330

Exploded archives....................................................................................................330

E.4. PropertiesLauncher Features....................................................................................330

E.5. Executable jar restrictions.......................................................................................... 332

Zip entry compression..............................................................................................332

System ClassLoader.................................................................................................332

E.6. Alternative single jar solutions...................................................................................332

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