轻松构建高效CoffeeScript应用：开发指南

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"《CoffeeScript应用开发指南》是一本由Ian Young编著的专业书籍，针对CoffeeScript编程语言进行深入讲解。CoffeeScript是一种旨在简化JavaScript编写过程的语言，它强调代码的可读性、维护性，并在保留简洁性的同时提供比JavaScript更强大的功能。本书专为那些希望提升编程效率并探索CoffeeScript特性的开发者设计。该书的核心内容包括了从基础语法介绍到高级概念的探讨，涵盖了如何利用CoffeeScript的特性来编写易于理解且高效管理的代码。作者通过实例演示和实用技巧，引导读者逐步掌握CoffeeScript的优雅风格，如它的简洁语法、模块系统以及异步编程支持。读者将学会如何在CoffeeScript环境中构建高效的应用程序，同时理解如何保持代码的清晰度和可扩展性。在版权方面，所有权利受到严格保护，未经Packt Publishing事先书面许可，禁止任何形式的复制、存储或传输。尽管作者和出版社已尽力确保信息的准确性，但书中提供的内容不带任何保修，无论是明示还是暗示，都不承担因本书导致的直接或间接损失的责任。此外，尽管Packt Publishing在书中尽可能准确地标注了涉及的公司和产品的商标信息，但不能保证这些信息的准确性。本书首次出版日期为2013年8月，反映了当时的技术现状，但随着技术的不断进步，读者可能需要结合最新版本的CoffeeScript文档和在线资源进行补充学习。《CoffeeScript应用开发指南》是一本适合初学者和有经验的开发者深入学习和实践CoffeeScript的强大工具，它将帮助读者在开发过程中提高生产力，享受编写简洁、高效代码的乐趣。"

Preface

If you do web development, chances are you've at least heard of CoffeeScript. Though

it's less than ve years old, this little language has received a lot of attention, and

it's getting harder to ignore. Maybe you've already worked with it a little bit, or

maybe you're just wondering what the fuss is all about. Good news! CoffeeScript is a

delightful language that can help you write better code and have fun doing it. In this

book, we will explore the language itself, and nd out rst-hand how it can help us

build beautiful web applications.

What is CoffeeScript?

CoffeeScript is a programming language. Like most programming languages,

it offers control structures to describe the logic of our application, simple data

types to store and manipulate information, and functions to encapsulate sections

of program execution.

What makes CoffeeScript special is the way it is compiled. When most languages

are compiled, they are translated into machine code—low-level instructions to the

computer's processor. CoffeeScript is different: when compiled, it is instead translated

into JavaScript. We write CoffeeScript code, give it to the CoffeeScript compiler and

receive JavaScript code as output. This output can then be passed to anything that

consumes JavaScript, such as a browser, or a standalone JavaScript interpreter.

This technique, dubbed transcompilation, allows us to use an alternative language

on platforms that only directly support JavaScript. Client-side web development is

the most prominent example, since JavaScript is the only supported general-purpose

scripting solution on most web browsers. Other platforms such as Node.js and Rhino

also offer useful features, but expect JavaScript input. JavaScript is nothing if not

prolic, and CoffeeScript allows us to make use of all that existing tooling, but to

write our code in a different language.

Preface

[ 2 ]

Why CoffeeScript?

CoffeeScript was certainly not the rst (or last) language to target JavaScript

platforms. Many established languages, such as Ruby, Python, C, and Java have

one or more projects focused on compiling that language to JavaScript. And other

languages have been developed specically to target JavaScript—notably Dart,

TypeScript, and Coco.

The CoffeeScript wiki itself maintains an extensive list of

other languages that compile to JavaScript. You can nd it at

https://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/

wiki/List-of-languages-that-compile-to-JS.

While it's not alone in its approach, CoffeeScript has seen the most success of any

language that compiles to JavaScript. It is the tenth most popular language on

GitHub, it ships by default with Ruby on Rails, and it has large followings in both

client-side and server-side developer communities.

So what makes CoffeeScript special? Just like Goldilocks and her pilfered porridge,

CoffeeScript derives its strength from being just right. It is a marked improvement

over JavaScript; we'll spend much of this book learning how CoffeeScript can help

us write code that is more concise, easier to read, and less prone to bugs. However,

CoffeeScript does not overreach on features. CoffeeScript has little to no runtime of

its own—there is no extra metadata to track, no extra memory management, no

non-standard data structures. Instead, CoffeeScript compiles directly to

ordinary-looking JavaScript, much like what an experienced JavaScript

developer might write. In fact, CoffeeScript is less a new language than it

is a shorthand for easily expressing the best practices of JavaScript.

CoffeeScript is an eminently pragmatic language, and this is the secret to its

success. It's easy for JavaScript developers to learn, and most expertise carries

over. It doesn't incur performance penalties over plain JavaScript. CoffeeScript

and JavaScript can coexist peacefully, so it's easy to introduce CoffeeScript into

existing JavaScript projects. Perhaps most importantly, CoffeeScript avoids the

"magic" that is so often a source of bugs when the developer's assumptions don't

match the language designer's assumptions. With CoffeeScript, it's very easy to

understand what the resulting JavaScript will do and how it will behave.

It might also help that CoffeeScript is fun.

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