基于JSP技术的服务器端软件开发指南

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Core JSP.pdf - 服务器端开发技术 Core JSP.pdf 文件提供了关于 JavaServer Pages（JSP）技术的详细讲解，为学习、研究和开发者提供了有价值的参考资料。 **标题解释** Core JSP.pdf 文件的标题 "Core JSP" 表明该文件的主要内容是关于 JavaServer Pages（JSP）技术的核心知识。JSP 是一种服务器端技术，允许开发者创建动态网页，提供了一个强大且灵活的方式来生成 HTML 内容。 **描述解释** 文件的描述 "jsp 讲解。为大家学习、研究、开发提供参考。" 表明该文件的主要目的是为学习者、研究者和开发者提供 JSP 技术的讲解和参考资料。该文件提供了关于 JSP 的详细知识，帮助读者更好地理解和应用 JSP 技术。 **标签解释** 文件的标签 "Core JSP" 表明该文件的主要内容是关于 JSP 技术的核心知识。这也表明该文件是 JSP 技术的权威参考资料。 **部分内容解释** 文件的部分内容 "Foreword" 部分解释了服务器端开发技术的重要性。在 recent years，软件开发活动已经从客户端转移到服务器端。客户端模型中，客户端执行复杂的程序来可视化和操作数据，但是这种模型已经不再适合大多数企业应用程序了。主要原因是部署问题-将客户端程序部署到大量的桌面上，并在应用程序更改时重新部署它们。因此，应用程序被重新设计，以使用 Web 浏览器作为"终端"。应用程序本身驻留在服务器上，格式化数据为用户提供网页，并处理用户填写的网页表单的响应。如果您想开发一个 Web 应用程序，您需要选择一种技术，该技术具有多个重要特征。您需要生成大量的动态 HTML 内容，需要访问数据库和其他服务。该技术必须提供一个架构基础，用于性能和稳定性。最后，您必须能够将程序逻辑分区，以便于未来的增长和维护。 **知识点** 1. 服务器端开发技术的重要性 2. 客户端模型的局限性 3. 服务器端模型的优势 4. JSP 技术的应用场景 5. 动态 HTML 内容的生成 6. 数据库和其他服务的访问 7. 架构基础的重要性 8. 程序逻辑的分区和维护 **结论** Core JSP.pdf 文件提供了关于 JSP 技术的详细讲解，为学习者、研究者和开发者提供了有价值的参考资料。该文件详细介绍了服务器端开发技术的重要性、客户端模型的局限性、JSP 技术的应用场景、动态 HTML 内容的生成、数据库和其他服务的访问、架构基础的重要性、程序逻辑的分区和维护等知识点。

The example below shows a typical request:

GET /simpleDate.jsp HTTP/1.1

accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/png, */*

accept-charset: iso-8859-1,*,utf-8

host: www.javadesktop.com

accept-language: en

user-agent: Mozilla/5.0 [en] (Win98; U)

The first line defines the request. The request method is GET, the URL is

/simpleDate.jsp, and uses HTTP version 1.1 to respond. The following lines

describe the client, the types of files that will be accepted, the character set used, the

language used, etc.

NOTE

The most common request method used for reading data into the browser is GET.

Every page requested by the browser that does not have a request method defined

will default to the GET method. The GET request method was intended for reading

data only, however practical usage shows that it can provide parameter data by

appending information to the URL (i.e., -/index.html?name=Zella). The GET

passes data in a form that is visible to the user, is cacheable and bookmarkable,

and the maximum length of the URL limits the amount of parameter data.

The other common request method is POST. The POST method was designed for

sending data and does so by appending name-value pairs in the HTTP request.

Since the POST data is in the request, it is not viewable by the user, cannot be

cached or bookmarked, and allows for unlimited parameter data.

When using JSP, the parameter information is accessed in the same manner

whether sent via GET or POST. The JSP author will need to determine the request

method based on the requirements of the parameter data being sent.

The HTTP Response

When the server responds to a request it sends the data in a special "response" format.

This response contains a status line, response headers, and a body containing the

actual data.

The status line consists of the protocol used, and status integer, and often includes a

human-readable value of the status. The status line can indicate fairly specific success

or failure results. A more detailed explanation of the status codes gets fairly complex,

and is not within the scope of this book.

Having seen the syntax of a simple JSP page, the next step is to get a better

understanding of the different types of tags or scripting elements used in JSP. There

are five basic types of elements, as well as a special format for comments.

The first three elements—Scriptlets, Expressions, and Declarations—are collectively

called scripting elements. The Scriptlet element allows Java code to be embedded

directly into a JSP page. An Expression element is a Java language expression whose

value is evaluated and returned as a string to the page. A Declaration element is used

to declare methods and variables that are initialized with the page.

NOTE

The writers of the JavaServer Pages specification did not define a requirement

that Java be the scripting language for a JSP page. Currently the majority of JSP

engines only support the use of Java, but in the future other languages such as

JavaScript, VBScript, or others could be used as the scripting language.

The two other elements are Actions and Directives. Action elements provide

information for the translation phase of the JSP page, and consist of a set of standard,

built-in methods. Custom actions can also be created in the form of custom tags. This

is a new feature of the JSP 1.1 specification. Directive elements contain global

information that is applicable to the whole page. A detailed description of Actions and

Directives is given in Chapter 3.

It is also important to note that there are two different formats for most elements. The

first type is called the JSP syntax. It is based on the syntax of other Server Pages, so it

might seem very familiar. It is symbolized by: <% script %>. The JSP specification

refers to this format as the "friendly" syntax, as it is meant for hand-authoring. The

second format is an XML standard format for creating JSP pages. This format is

symbolized by:

<jsp:element />. While some find it more time consuming to

author with the XML syntax, it would produce the same results. While XML syntax is

included here, JSP syntax is recommended for authoring. Most of the examples in this

book will be in the JSP format. For more information about how JSP and XML

interrelate see Chapter 10

2.1 The Scriptlet Element

JSP Syntax: <% code %>

XML Syntax: <jsp:scriptlet > code </jsp:scriptlet>

The simplest type of JSP element is the Scriptlet element. A Scriptlet element is

simply a section of Java code encapsulated within the opening and closing JSP tags. It

is important to note that individual Scriptlets cannot span multiple pages, and that all

of the Scriptlets on a single page put together must form a valid block of Java code.

Scriptlets can produce output to the page, but don't necessarily have to produce any

output. If a Scriptlet needs to produce output it is generally done through the implicit

out object.

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