TDD：测试驱动开发实践与优缺点

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"TDD，即测试驱动开发（Test-Driven Development），是一种软件开发实践，它强调在编写代码之前先编写自动化测试用例，以确保需求的正确实现。这种开发方法的核心理念是通过反复执行一个短小的开发周期来推动项目进程。 在TDD流程中，第一步是编写一个预期失败的测试（也称为红测试），这个测试定义了待实现的改进或新功能。接着，开发者编写最小程度的代码以使得测试能够通过，即实现绿色（pass）状态。最后，进行代码重构，以提高代码质量，确保其保持低耦合性和高内聚性。 TDD要求开发人员在编写代码前就明确并自动化地定义需求，通常借助于像JUnit或testNG这样的测试框架。这促使开发者始终保持对代码的高覆盖率，并且在整个开发过程中关注代码的质量和可维护性。 TDD的开发循环包括以下步骤： 1. 添加新的测试用例：确定一个需要验证的功能或行为。 2. 运行所有测试：如果新添加的测试失败，说明有未满足的需求。 3. 编写代码：只编写足以使测试通过的最少代码。 4. 执行测试：确保新写的代码满足测试要求。 5. 重构代码：优化代码结构，提升代码质量，保持测试通过。 尽管TDD有许多优点，如早期发现错误、提高代码质量、增强设计和文档化等，但它也有缺点。例如，它可能增加初期开发的复杂性，尤其是在没有充分理解需求的情况下，过早地编写测试可能会导致不必要的复杂性。此外，持续运行测试也可能消耗一定的时间和资源。 总结来说，TDD是一种以测试为中心的开发方法，它通过强调自动化测试和代码的迭代改进，帮助开发团队创建更健壮、更易于维护的软件。然而，它并非适用于所有项目，需要根据项目的具体需求和团队的技术能力来灵活应用。"

Test-Driven Java Development(PACKT,2015)

2016-04-21 上传
Test-driven development (TDD) is a development approach that relies on a test-first procedure that emphasises writing a test before writing the necessary code, and then refactoring the code to optimize it. The value of performing TDD with Java, one of the most established programming languages, is to improve the productivity of programmers, the maintainability and performance of code, and develop a deeper understanding of the language and how to employ it effectively. Starting with the basics of TDD and reasons why its adoption is beneficial, this book will take you from the first steps of TDD with Java until you are confident enough to embrace the practice in your day-to-day routine. You’ll be guided through setting up tools, frameworks, and the environment you need, and will dive right in to hands-on exercises with the goal of mastering one practice, tool, or framework at a time. You’ll learn about the Red-Green-Refactor procedure, how to write unit tests, and how to use them as executable documentation. With this book you’ll also discover how to design simple and easily maintainable code, work with mocks, utilise behaviour-driven development, refactor old legacy code, and release a half-finished feature to production with feature toggles. You will finish this book with a deep understanding of the test-driven development methodology and the confidence to apply it to application programming with Java. What You Will Learn Explore the tools and frameworks required for effective TDD development Perform the Red-Green-Refactor process efficiently, the pillar around which all other TDD procedures are based Master effective unit testing in isolation from the rest of your code Design simple and easily maintainable codes by implementing different techniques Use mocking frameworks and techniques to easily write and quickly execute tests Develop an application to implement behaviour-driven development in conjunction with unit testing Enable and disable features using Feature Toggles

test-driven-java-development-2nd2018

2018-05-25 上传
Chapter 1, Why Should I Care for Test-Driven Development?, spells out our goal of becoming a Java developer with a TDD black belt. In order to know where we're going, we'll have to discuss and find answers to some questions that will define our voyage. Chapter 2, Tools, Frameworks, and Environments, will compare and set up all the tools, frameworks and environments that will be used throughout this book. Each of them will be accompanied with code that demonstrates their strengths and weaknesses. Chapter 3, Red-Green-Refactor – From Failure Through Success until Perfection, will help us develop a Tic-Tac-Toe game using the red-greenrefactor technique, which is the pillar of TDD. We'll write a test and see it fail; we'll write a code that implements that test, run all the tests, and see them succeed; and finally, we'll refactor the code and try to make it better. Chapter 4, Unit Testing – Focusing on What You Do and Not on What Has Been Done, shows that to demonstrate the power of TDD applied to unit testing, we'll need to develop a remote-controlled ship. We'll learn what unit testing really is, how it differs from functional and integration tests, and how it can be combined with test-driven development. Chapter 5, Design – If It's Not Testable, It's Not Designed Well, will help us develop a Connect 4 game without any tests and try to write tests at the end. This will give us insights into the difficulties we are facing when applications are not developed in a way that they can be tested easily. Chapter 6, Mocking – Removing External Dependencies, shows how TDD is about speed. We want to quickly demonstrate some idea/concept. We'll continue developing our Tic-Tac-Toe game by adding MongoDB as our data storage. None of our tests will actually use MongoDB since all communications to it will be mocked. Chapter 7, TDD and Functional Programming – A Perfect Match, dives into the functional programming paradigm and how TDD could be applied when programming in that way. We'

Test-Driven Java Development

2018-08-19 上传
针对Java语言，结合实例介绍测试驱动开发的方法。英文原版。 Test-driven development (TDD) is a development approach that relies on a test-first procedure that emphasises writing a test before writing the necessary code, and then refactoring the code to optimize it. The value of performing TDD with Java, one of the most established programming languages, is to improve the productivity of programmers, the maintainability and performance of code, and develop a deeper understanding of the language and how to employ it effectively. Starting with the basics of TDD and reasons why its adoption is beneficial, this book will take you from the first steps of TDD with Java until you are confident enough to embrace the practice in your day-to-day routine. You'll be guided through setting up tools, frameworks, and the environment you need, and will dive right in to hands-on exercises with the goal of mastering one practice, tool, or framework at a time. You'll learn about the Red-Green-Refactor procedure, how to write unit tests, and how to use them as executable documentation. With this book you'll also discover how to design simple and easily maintainable code, work with mocks, utilise behaviour-driven development, refactor old legacy code, and release a half-finished feature to production with feature toggles. You will finish this book with a deep understanding of the test-driven development methodology and the confidence to apply it to application programming with Java.

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2015-02-24 上传
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2008-11-01 上传
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2007-08-16 上传
非常经典的一本书：通过实例学习测试驱动开发。 作者：Kent Beck

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