轻松入门：Android应用开发傻瓜教程

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Android Application Development For Dummies

xiv

Chapter 2: Prepping Your Development Headquarters . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Developing the Android Developer Inside You .........................................25

Assembling Your Toolkit ..............................................................................26

Android source code ...........................................................................26

Linux 2.6 kernel ....................................................................................27

Android framework..............................................................................27

Application framework ........................................................................28

Open Handset Alliance libraries ........................................................30

Java knowledge ....................................................................................31

Tuning Up Your Hardware ...........................................................................31

Operating system .................................................................................31

Computer hardware ............................................................................32

Installing and Con guring Your Support Tools .........................................32

Getting the Java Development Kit ...............................................................33

Downloading the JDK ..........................................................................33

Installing the JDK .................................................................................35

Acquiring the Android SDK ..........................................................................35

Downloading the Android SDK ...........................................................35

Following and setting your tools path ..............................................38

Getting the Total Eclipse ..............................................................................41

Choosing the right Eclipse version ....................................................41

Installing Eclipse ..................................................................................41

Con guring Eclipse ..............................................................................43

Getting Acquainted with the Android Development Tools ......................47

Navigating the Android SDK ...............................................................47

Targeting Android platforms ..............................................................48

Using SDK tools for everyday development .....................................49

Part II: Building and Publishing

Your First Android Application .................................... 53

Chapter 3: Your First Android Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Starting a New Project in Eclipse .................................................................55

Deconstructing Your Project .......................................................................61

Responding to error messages ..........................................................62

Understanding the Build Target and Min SDK Version settings ....63

Setting Up an Emulator .................................................................................65

Creating Launch Con gurations ..................................................................68

Creating a debug con guration ..........................................................68

Creating a run con guration ..............................................................68

Duplicating your launch con guration for quick setup ..................71

Running the Hello Android App ...................................................................72

Running the app in the emulator .......................................................72

Checking deployment status ..............................................................77

Table of Contents

Understanding Project Structure ................................................................78

Navigating the app’s folders ...............................................................78

Viewing the application’s manifest  le .............................................88

Viewing the default.properties  le ....................................................90

Chapter 4: Designing the User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93

Creating the Silent Mode Toggle Application ............................................94

Laying Out the Application ..........................................................................95

Using the XML layout  le ....................................................................96

Using the Android SDK’s layout tools ...............................................98

Using the visual designer ....................................................................99

Developing the User Interface ....................................................................102

Viewing XML layout attributes .........................................................102

Working with views ...........................................................................103

Adding an Image to Your Application .......................................................104

Placing an image on the screen........................................................105

Adding the image to the layout ........................................................106

Creating a Launcher Icon for the Application ..........................................108

Designing a custom launcher icon ...................................................109

Adding a custom launcher icon .......................................................110

Adding a Toggle Button Widget .................................................................111

Previewing the Application in the Visual Designer .................................113

Changing the orientation ..................................................................114

Changing the background color .......................................................114

Chapter 5: Coding Your Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117

Understanding Activities ............................................................................117

Working with methods, stacks, and states .....................................118

Tracking an activity’s life cycle ........................................................119

Creating Your First Activity .......................................................................122

Starting with onCreate ......................................................................122

Handling the bundle ..........................................................................123

Telling Android to display the UI .....................................................123

Handling user input ...........................................................................124

Writing your  rst event handler ......................................................125

Working with the Android Framework Classes .......................................128

Getting good service ..........................................................................128

Toggling silent mode with AudioManager ......................................129

Installing Your Application .........................................................................133

Returning to the emulator ................................................................133

Installing on a physical Android device ..........................................135

Reinstalling Your Application ....................................................................137

Understanding the state of the emulator ........................................137

Doing the reinstallation .....................................................................137

Uh-oh!: Responding to Errors .....................................................................138

Using the Dalvik Debug Monitor Server ..........................................138

Using the Eclipse debugger ..............................................................143

Android Application Development For Dummies

xvi

Thinking Beyond Your Application Boundaries ......................................151

Interacting with your application ....................................................151

Does it work?: Testing your application .........................................152

Chapter 6: Understanding Android Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155

Understanding Resources ..........................................................................155

Dimensions .........................................................................................156

Styles ...................................................................................................156

Themes ................................................................................................157

Values ..................................................................................................157

Menus ..................................................................................................157

Colors ..................................................................................................158

Working with Resources .............................................................................158

Moving strings into resources .........................................................158

Wrestling the image beast ................................................................160

Making your apps global with resources ........................................161

Chapter 7: Turning Your Application into a Home-Screen Widget. . . .163

Working with App Widgets in Android .....................................................164

Working with remote views ..............................................................165

Using AppWidgetProviders ..............................................................166

Working with Pending Intents ....................................................................167

Understanding the Android intent system .....................................167

Understanding intent data ................................................................168

Evaluating intents ..............................................................................170

Using pending intents ........................................................................170

Creating the Home-Screen Widget .............................................................172

Implementing the AppWidgetProvider ...........................................172

Communicating with the app widget ..............................................173

Building the app widget’s layout .....................................................175

Doing work inside an AppWidgetProvider .....................................176

Working with the app widget’s metadata .......................................181

Registering your new components with the manifest...................182

Placing Your Widget on the Home Screen ................................................184

Chapter 8: Publishing Your App to the Android Market . . . . . . . . . . .187

Creating a Distributable File .......................................................................187

Revisiting the manifest  le................................................................188

Choosing your tools ..........................................................................189

Digitally signing your application ....................................................189

Creating the APK  le ..........................................................................191

Creating an Android Market Account .......................................................194

Pricing Your Application ............................................................................200

Why to choose the paid model ........................................................200

Why to choose the free model .........................................................201

Getting Screen Shots for Your Application ..............................................201

Uploading Your Application to the Android Market ...............................203

Watching the Installs Soar ..........................................................................207

xvii

Table of Contents

Part III: Creating a Feature-Rich Application ............. 209

Chapter 9: Designing the Task Reminder Application . . . . . . . . . . . .211

Reviewing the Basic Requirements ...........................................................211

That’s alarming!: Scheduling a reminder script .............................212

Storing data ........................................................................................212

Distracting the user (nicely).............................................................213

Creating the Application’s Screens ...........................................................213

Starting the new project....................................................................214

Creating the task list ..........................................................................214

Creating and editing task activities .................................................216

Creating the adding/editing layout ..................................................217

Creating Your First List Activity ................................................................220

Getting stubby with fake data ..........................................................221

Handling user click events ................................................................222

Identifying Your Intent ................................................................................224

Starting new activities with intents .................................................224

Retrieving values from previous activities .....................................225

Creating a chooser .............................................................................226

Chapter 10: Going a la Carte with Your Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231

Seeing What Makes a Menu Great .............................................................232

Creating Your First Menu ...........................................................................232

De ning the XML  le..........................................................................232

Handling user actions ........................................................................234

Creating a reminder task...................................................................235

Completing the activity .....................................................................235

Creating a Context Menu ............................................................................236

Creating the menu XML  le ..............................................................237

Loading the menu ..............................................................................237

Handling user selections ...................................................................238

Chapter 11: Handling User Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241

Creating the User Input Interface ..............................................................241

Creating an EditText widget .............................................................241

Displaying an on-screen keyboard ..................................................243

Getting Choosy with Dates and Times ......................................................244

Creating picker buttons ....................................................................244

Wiring up the date picker .................................................................245

Wiring up the time picker .................................................................250

Creating Your First Alert Dialog Box .........................................................252

Seeing why you should work with dialog boxes ............................253

Choosing the right dialog box for a task .........................................254

Creating your own alert dialog box .................................................255

Validating Input ...........................................................................................257

Toasting the user ...............................................................................258

Using other validation techniques...................................................258

Android Application Development For Dummies

xviii

Chapter 12: Getting Persistent with Data Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261

Finding Places to Put Data ..........................................................................261

Viewing your storage options ..........................................................262

Choosing a storage option ................................................................263

Asking the User for Permission .................................................................264

Seeing how permissions affect the user experience .....................264

Setting requested permissions in the AndroidManifest.xml  le .....264

Creating Your Application’s SQLite Database .........................................266

Understanding how the SQLite database will work ......................266

Creating a Java  le to hold the database code ..............................267

De ning the key elements .................................................................267

Visualizing the SQL table ..................................................................269

Creating the database table ..............................................................270

Closing the database .........................................................................271

Creating and Editing Tasks with SQLite ...................................................272

Inserting your  rst task entry...........................................................272

Returning all the tasks with a cursor ..............................................281

Understanding the SimpleCursorAdapter ......................................283

Deleting a task ....................................................................................284

Updating a task...................................................................................284

Chapter 13: Reminding the User with AlarmManager. . . . . . . . . . . . .291

Seeing Why You Need AlarmManager ......................................................291

Waking Up a Process with AlarmManager ...............................................292

Creating the ReminderManager class .............................................293

Creating the OnAlarmReceiver class ...............................................295

Creating the WakeReminder-IntentService class ...........................296

Creating the ReminderService class ................................................298

Rebooting Devices .......................................................................................299

Creating a boot receiver ...................................................................300

Checking the boot receiver ..............................................................302

Chapter 14: Updating the Android Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .303

Deconstructing the Status Bar ...................................................................303

Viewing status bar icons ...................................................................303

Using status-bar tools to notify the user ........................................304

Using the Noti cation Manager .................................................................307

Creating your  rst noti cation .........................................................307

Viewing the work ow ........................................................................309

Adding string resources ....................................................................310

Updating a Noti cation ...............................................................................310

Clearing a Noti cation ................................................................................311

Chapter 15: Working with Android’s Preference Framework . . . . . .313

Understanding Android’s Preference Framework ...................................314

Understanding the PreferenceActivity Class ...........................................314

Persisting preference values ............................................................315

Laying out preferences......................................................................316

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get_dummies保存

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get_dummies函数

df = pd.DataFrame({'key': ['b', 'b', 'a', 'c', 'a', 'b'], 'data1': range(6)}) pd.get_dummies(df['key']) pd.get_dummies(df['key'], prefix='key') df_with_dummies = df[['data1']].join(dummies) df_with_dummies 错误显示NameError: name 'dummies' is not defined

pd get_dummies

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