Ruby编程经典：领略优雅与力量

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"Ruby编程"是一本备受推崇的编程书籍，由世界范围内的开发者赞誉为"奇妙强大且实用的语言"。这本书不仅在Ruby社区中享有盛誉，对于那些主要使用Java的开发者来说，它更是一个不可或缺的转型指南，可以帮助他们了解Ruby带来的新视角和非凡特性。作者Martin Fowler，ThoughtWorks的首席科学家，表示在使用Ruby时，这本书始终是他的得力助手，强调了Ruby的强大之处。 Mike Clark，作者和顾问，提到这本书对Java开发者具有颠覆性的影响，称阅读《Programming Ruby》后，使用其他语言会感到不适应，仿佛是在"推绳子"，这突显了Ruby独特的编程理念和魅力。他进一步强调，无论是第一版还是第二版，这本书都保持了其聪明、优雅和乐趣的特点，不断升级以满足日益增长的需求。 James Britt，作为Ruby文档网站的管理员，认为学习新编程语言的关键在于改变思考方式，而《Programming Ruby》正是引导读者以Ruby思维方式思考的绝佳途径。他分享了自己的经历，自从几年前读过第一版，他的Ruby编程生涯充满了乐趣，这在很大程度上归功于这本书提供的深入理解和实践指导。《Programming Ruby》不仅是Ruby语言的权威指南，而且通过实例和深入的解释，帮助开发者打破原有的思维框架，领略Ruby的智能与优雅，从而提升编程技能和创新思维。无论是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，都能从中获益匪浅，享受编程的乐趣。

List of Tables

2.1 Example variable and class name s .................... 15

5.1 Character class abbreviations ....................... 68

7.1 Common comparison operators ...................... 89

11.1 Two threads in a race condition ...................... 135

13.1 Debugger commands ........................... 165

14.1 Environment variables used by Ruby ................... 172

15.1 irb command-line options ......................... 175

17.1 Version operators ............................. 206

18.1 Command-line options for

erb ...................... 230

21.1 C/Ruby data type conversion functions and macros ........... 266

22.1 General delimited input .......................... 304

22.2 Substitutions in double-quoted strings .................. 306

22.3 Reserved words .............................. 314

22.4 Ruby operators (high to low precedence) ................. 324

25.1 Deﬁnition of the safe levels ........................ 383

27.1 Class

Array: pack directives ....................... 414

27.2 Class

File: match-mode constants .................... 447

27.3 Class

File: path separators ........................ 449

27.4 Class

File: open-mode constants ..................... 451

27.5 Class

File: lock-mode constants ..................... 455

27.6 Class

IO: mode strings .......................... 483

27.7 Module

Kernel: sprintf ﬂag characters ................ 510

27.8 Module

Kernel: sprintf ﬁeld types ................... 511

27.9 Module

Kernel: ﬁle tests with a single argument ............ 512

27.10 Module

Kernel: ﬁle tests with two arguments .............. 512

27.11 Class

Numeric: methods and subclasses ................. 543

27.12 Class

Numeric: divmod, modulo,andremainder ............ 544

27.13 Class

String: backslash sequences in substitution strings ........ 593

27.14 Class

String: unpack directives ..................... 603

27.15 Class

Time: strftime directives ..................... 627

28.1 Class

ERB: inline directives ........................ 653

28.2 Class

OptionParser: option deﬁnitions ................. 691

Prepared exclusively for Margus Pau xv

Foreword to the

First Edition

Man is driven to create; I know I really love to create things. And while I’m not good

at painting, drawing, or music, I can write software.

Shortly after I was introduced to computers, I became interested in programming lan-

guages. I believed that an ideal programming language must be attainable, and I wanted

to be the designer of it. Later, after gaining some experience, I realized that this kind of

ideal, all-purpose language might be more difﬁcult than I had thought. But I was still

hoping to design a language that would work for most of the jobs I did everyday. That

was my dream as a student.

Years later I talked with colleagues about scripting languages, their power and possi-

bility. As an object-oriented fan for more than ﬁfteen years, it seemed to me that OO

programming was very suitable for scripting too. I did some research on the ’net for a

while, but the candidates I found, Perl and Python, were not exactly what I was look-

ing for. I wanted a language more powerful than Perl and more object-oriented than

Python.

Then, I remembered my old dream and decided to design my own language. At ﬁrst I

was just toying around with it at work. But gradually it grew to be a tool good enough

to replace Perl. I named it Ruby—after the precious red stone—and released it to the

public in 1995.

Since then a lot of people have become interested in Ruby. Believe it or not, Ruby is

actually more popular than Python in Japan right now. I hope that eventually it will be

just as well received all over the world.

I believe that the purpose of life is, at least in part, to be happy. Based on this belief,

Ruby is designed to m ake programming not only easy but also fun. It allows you to

concentrate on the creative side of programming, with less stress. If you don’t believe

me, read this book and try Ruby. I’m sure you’ll ﬁnd out for yourself.

I’m very thankful to the people who have joined the Ruby community; they have helped

me a lot. I almost feel like Ruby is one of my children, but in fact, it is the result of the

Prepared exclusively for Margus Pau xvii

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