Adobe PDF 1.7规范详解

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"PDF 1.7 format" PDF（Portable Document Format）1.7版本是Adobe Systems Incorporated在2006年发布的第六版PDF规范。这个版本的PDF格式详细定义了如何创建、展示和交换跨平台的文档，确保文档的外观和内容在不同的设备和操作系统上的一致性。PDF 1.7格式是PDF发展的一个重要里程碑，它包含了之前所有版本的特性，并引入了一些新的功能和技术。在PDF 1.7中，主要涵盖了以下几个关键知识点： 1. **文件结构**：PDF文件由一系列的字节流和字典组成，这些字节流包含了文本、图像、图形和其他元素。字典用于描述对象的属性，如页面、字体、注释等。 2. **内容表示**：PDF支持多种方法来表示文档内容，包括文本、矢量图形和位图图像。文本可以通过字体描述符和字符编码来呈现，矢量图形允许无损缩放，而位图图像则提供了丰富的视觉效果。 3. **交互性**：PDF 1.7支持交互式元素，如表单字段、超链接、注释和书签，使得用户可以与文档进行交互。表单字段允许数据收集，而超链接可以连接到其他文档或网页。 4. **压缩**：为了减小文件大小，PDF 1.7支持多种压缩算法，如Flate、JPEG和JBIG2。这些算法可以有效地压缩文本和图像数据，提高文件的传输和存储效率。 5. **安全性**：该版本引入了数字签名和加密机制，以保护文档的完整性，防止未经授权的修改。这使得PDF成为一种安全的文件分发格式，尤其适用于合同和法律文件。 6. **多媒体支持**：PDF 1.7增加了对嵌入视频和音频的支持，允许在文档中包含多媒体内容，丰富了用户体验。 7. **3D集成**：通过U3D（Universal 3D）和PDE（PDF for Engineering）扩展，PDF 1.7能够包含三维模型，适用于工程、建筑和设计领域。 8. **外部引用**：PDF 1.7允许链接到外部资源，比如网络上的字体或图像，这有助于减少文件大小，但可能依赖于网络连接。 9. **脚本支持**：通过Acrobat JavaScript，PDF文档可以包含可执行的脚本，实现自动化处理和动态行为。 10. **版本兼容性**：虽然PDF 1.7是最新的版本，但它设计时考虑了向后兼容，意味着较旧版本的PDF阅读器仍然可以打开和显示1.7版本的文档，尽管可能无法利用所有新特性。请注意，PDF 1.7的文档内容受版权保护，未经Adobe Systems Incorporated许可，不得复制、存储或传输。此外，由于信息仅供参考，Adobe Systems Incorporated不对其内容中的任何错误或不准确负责。

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Tables

5.20 Font flags 458

5.21 Additional font descriptor entries for CIDFonts 461

5.22 Glyph classes in CJK fonts 463

5.23 Embedded font organization for various font types 465

5.24 Additional entries in an embedded font stream dictionary 466

6.1 Predefined spot functions 489

6.2 PDF halftone types 496

6.3 Entries in a type 1 halftone dictionary 497

6.4 Additional entries specific to a type 6 halftone dictionary 499

6.5 Additional entries specific to a type 10 halftone dictionary 502

6.6 Additional entries specific to a type 16 halftone dictionary 504

6.7 Entries in a type 5 halftone dictionary 505

7.1 Variables used in the basic compositing formula 518

7.2 Standard separable blend modes 520

7.3 Standard nonseparable blend modes 524

7.4 Variables used in the source shape and opacity formulas 528

7.5 Variables used in the result shape and opacity formulas 529

7.6 Revised variables for the basic compositing formulas 532

7.7 Arguments and results of the group compositing function 534

7.8 Variables used in the group compositing formulas 536

7.9 Variables used in the page group compositing formulas 543

7.10 Entries in a soft-mask dictionary 553

7.11 Restrictions on the entries in a soft-mask image dictionary 554

7.12 Additional entry in a soft-mask image dictionary 555

7.13 Additional entries specific to a transparency group attributes

dictionary 556

7.14 Overprinting behavior in the opaque imaging model 570

7.15 Overprinting behavior in the transparent imaging model 571

8.1 Entries in a viewer preferences dictionary 578

8.2 Destination syntax 582

8.3 Entries in the outline dictionary 585

8.4 Entries in an outline item dictionary 585

8.5 Outline item flags 587

8.6 Entries in a collection dictionary 589

8.7 Entries in a collection schema dictionary 590

8.8 Entries in a collection field dictionary 591

8.9 Entries in a collection sort dictionary 592

8.10 Entries in a page label dictionary 595

8.11 Entries in a thread dictionary 596

8.12 Entries in a bead dictionary 597

8.13 Entries in a transition dictionary 599

8.14 Entries in a navigation node dictionary 602

8.15 Entries common to all annotation dictionaries 606

Tables

8.16 Annotation flags 608

8.17 Entries in a border style dictionary 611

8.18 Entries in a border effect dictionary 612

8.19 Entries in an appearance dictionary 614

8.20 Annotation types 615

8.21 Additional entries specific to markup annotations 618

8.22 Annotation states 620

8.23 Additional entries specific to a text annotation 621

8.24 Additional entries specific to a link annotation 622

8.25 Additional entries specific to a free text annotation 624

8.26 Additional entries specific to a line annotation 626

8.27 Line ending styles 630

8.28 Additional entries specific to a square or circle annotation 631

8.29 Additional entries specific to a polygon or polyline annotation 632

8.30 Additional entries specific to text markup annotations 634

8.31 Additional entries specific to a caret annotation 635

8.32 Additional entries specific to a rubber stamp annotation 635

8.33 Additional entries specific to an ink annotation 636

8.34 Additional entries specific to a pop-up annotation 637

8.35 Additional entries specific to a file attachment annotation 638

8.36 Additional entries specific to a sound annotation 638

8.37 Additional entries specific to a movie annotation 639

8.38 Additional entries specific to a screen annotation 640

8.39 Additional entries specific to a widget annotation 641

8.40 Entries in an appearance characteristics dictionary 642

8.41 Additional entries specific to a watermark annotation 644

8.42 Entries in a fixed print dictionary 645

8.43 Entries common to all action dictionaries 648

8.44 Entries in an annotation’s additional-actions dictionary 649

8.45 Entries in a page object’s additional-actions dictionary 650

8.46 Entries in a form field’s additional-actions dictionary 651

8.47 Entries in the document catalog’s additional-actions dictionary 651

8.48 Action types 653

8.49 Additional entries specific to a go-to action 654

8.50 Additional entries specific to a remote go-to action 655

8.51 Additional entries specific to an embedded go-to action 656

8.52 Entries specific to a target dictionary 657

8.53 Additional entries specific to a launch action 660

8.54 Entries in a Windows launch parameter dictionary 660

8.55 Additional entries specific to a thread action 661

8.56 Additional entries specific to a URI action 662

8.57 Entry in a URI dictionary 663

8.58 Additional entries specific to a sound action 664

Tables

8.59 Additional entries specific to a movie action 665

8.60 Additional entries specific to a hide action 666

8.61 Named actions 666

8.62 Additional entries specific to named actions 667

8.63 Additional entries specific to a set-OCG-state action 667

8.64 Additional entries specific to a rendition action 669

8.65 Additional entries specific to a transition action 670

8.66 Additional entries specific to a go-to-3D-view action 670

8.67 Entries in the interactive form dictionary 672

8.68 Signature flags 674

8.69 Entries common to all field dictionaries 675

8.70 Field flags common to all field types 676

8.71 Additional entries common to all fields containing variable text 678

8.72 XHTML elements used in rich text strings 681

8.73 Attributes of the <body> element 681

8.74 CSS2 style attributes used in rich text strings 682

8.75 Field flags specific to button fields 686

8.76 Additional entry specific to check box and radio button fields 688

8.77 Field flags specific to text fields 691

8.78 Additional entry specific to a text field 692

8.79 Field flags specific to choice fields 693

8.80 Additional entries specific to a choice field 694

8.81 Additional entries specific to a signature field 696

8.82 Entries in a signature field lock dictionary 697

8.83 Entries in a signature field seed value dictionary 697

8.84 Entries in a certificate seed value dictionary 700

8.85 Additional entries specific to a submit-form action 703

8.86 Flags for submit-form actions 704

8.87 Additional entries specific to a reset-form action 707

8.88 Flag for reset-form actions 708

8.89 Additional entries specific to an import-data action 708

8.90 Additional entries specific to a JavaScript action 709

8.91 Entry in the FDF trailer dictionary 713

8.92 Entries in the FDF catalog dictionary 714

8.93 Entries in the FDF dictionary 714

8.94 Additional entry in an embedded file stream dictionary for an encrypted

FDF file 716

8.95 Entries in the JavaScript dictionary 716

8.96 Entries in an FDF field dictionary 717

8.97 Entries in an icon fit dictionary 719

8.98 Entries in an FDF page dictionary 720

8.99 Entries in an FDF template dictionary 721

8.100 Entries in an FDF named page reference dictionary 721

Tables

8.101 Additional entry for annotation dictionaries in an FDF file 722

8.102 Entries in a signature dictionary 727

8.103 Entries in a signature reference dictionary 730

8.104 Entries in the DocMDP transform parameters dictionary 733

8.105 Entries in the UR transform parameters dictionary 734

8.106 Entries in the FieldMDP transform parameters dictionary 736

8.107 Entries in a permissions dictionary 741

8.108 Entries in a legal attestation dictionary 742

8.109 Entries in a viewport dictionary 745

8.110 Entries in a measure dictionary 746

8.111 Additional entries in a rectilinear measure dictionary 746

8.112 Entries in a number format dictionary 748

8.113 Entries common to all requirement dictionaries 751

8.114 Entries in a requirement handler dictionary 752

9.1 Entries common to all rendition dictionaries 759

9.2 Entries in a rendition MH/BE dictionary 760

9.3 Entries in a media criteria dictionary 760

9.4 Entries in a minimum bit depth dictionary 761

9.5 Entries in a minimum screen size dictionary 762

9.6 Additional entries in a media rendition dictionary 762

9.7 Additional entries specific to a selector rendition dictionary 763

9.8 Entries common to all media clip dictionaries 764

9.9 Additional entries in a media clip data dictionary 764

9.10 Entries in a media permissions dictionary 766

9.11 Entries in a media clip data MH/BE dictionary 767

9.12 Additional entries in a media clip section dictionary 767

9.13 Entries in a media clip section MH/BE dictionary 768

9.14 Entries in a media play parameters dictionary 769

9.15 Entries in a media play parameters MH/BE dictionary 769

9.16 Entries in a media duration dictionary 771

9.17 Entries in a media screen parameters dictionary 772

9.18 Entries in a media screen parameters MH/BE dictionary 772

9.19 Entries in a floating window parameters dictionary 774

9.20 Entries common to all media offset dictionaries 775

9.21 Additional entries in a media offset time dictionary 776

9.22 Additional entries in a media offset frame dictionary 776

9.23 Additional entries in a media offset marker dictionary 776

9.24 Entries in a timespan dictionary 776

9.25 Entries in a media players dictionary 777

9.26 Entries in a media player info dictionary 779

9.27 Entries in a software identifier dictionary 780

9.28 Monitor specifier values 782

9.29 Additional entries specific to a sound object 783

Tables

9.30 Entries in a movie dictionary 784

9.31 Entries in a movie activation dictionary 785

9.32 Entries in a slideshow dictionary 787

9.33 Additional entries specific to a 3D annotation 791

9.34 Entries in a 3D activation dictionary 794

9.35 Entries in a 3D stream dictionary 797

9.36 Entries in an 3D animation style dictionary 799

9.37 Animation styles 800

9.38 Entries in a 3D reference dictionary 801

9.39 Entries in a 3D view dictionary 804

9.40 Entries in a projection dictionary 808

9.41 Entries in a 3D background dictionary 812

9.42 Entries in a render mode dictionary 813

9.43 Render modes 815

9.44 Entries in a 3D lighting scheme dictionary 817

9.45 3D lighting scheme styles 817

9.46 Entries in a 3D cross section dictionary 819

9.47 Entries in a 3D node dictionary 829

9.48 Entries in an external data dictionary used to markup 3D annotations 835

10.1 Predefined procedure sets 842

10.2 Entries in the document information dictionary 844

10.3 Additional entries in a metadata stream dictionary 846

10.4 Additional entry for components having metadata 846

10.5 Entries in a page-piece dictionary 849

10.6 Entries in an application data dictionary 849

10.7 Marked-content operators 851

10.8 Entries in the mark information dictionary 856

10.9 Entries in the structure tree root 857

10.10 Entries in a structure element dictionary 858

10.11 Entries in a marked-content reference dictionary 863

10.12 Entries in an object reference dictionary 868

10.13 Additional dictionary entries for structure element access 870

10.14 Entry common to all attribute object dictionaries 873

10.15 Additional entries in an attribute object dictionary for user properties 876

10.16 Entries in a user property dictionary 876

10.17 Property list entries for artifacts 886

10.18 Derivation of font characteristics 893

10.19 Font Selector Attributes 894

10.20 Standard structure types for grouping elements 899

10.21 Block-level structure elements 901

10.22 Standard structure types for paragraphlike elements 902

10.23 Standard structure types for list elements 902

10.24 Standard structure types for table elements 903

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