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首页Python深度学习实战:使用Keras入门
Python深度学习实战:使用Keras入门
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《Deep Learning with Python》是一本由Keras的创始人弗朗索瓦·肖莱特编撰的专业书籍,它深入浅出地介绍了深度学习的基本概念和技术,特别适合那些希望理解和实践这一领域的读者。该书不仅涵盖了深度学习的核心理论,还配以丰富的实例,使读者能够通过实际操作来掌握Keras框架的使用。 本书旨在为读者提供一个全面的学习路径,从基础的神经网络原理出发,逐步引导至更高级的主题,如卷积神经网络(CNN)、循环神经网络(RNN)和深度强化学习等。书中详细解释了如何构建深度学习模型,包括数据预处理、模型设计、训练过程以及如何优化模型性能。此外,由于Keras的易用性和高度模块化特性,作者通过实例演示了如何利用Keras快速搭建和部署复杂的深度学习项目。 在出版信息方面,《Deep Learning with Python》由Manning Publications Co.发行,版权属于2018年的Manning Publications。该出版社强调了尊重知识产权的重要性,所有的复制、存储或传输未经书面许可是严禁的。书中提及的许多制造商和卖家的产品名称可能已注册为商标,这些标识均被标注以体现其所有权。 作者弗朗索瓦·肖莱特以其在人工智能领域的深厚背景和实战经验,确保了这本书既具有理论深度,又便于实践操作。对于那些想要提升自己在深度学习领域能力的读者来说,这是一本不可多得的参考资料。无论是对初学者还是有一定基础的开发者,都可以从中找到有价值的知识和实践技巧。通过阅读和应用书中的内容,读者将能更好地应对当今不断发展的AI技术挑战。
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acknowledgments
I’d like to thank the Keras community for making this book possible. Keras has grown
to have hundreds of open source contributors and more than 200,000 users. Your con-
tributions and feedback have turned Keras into what it is today.
I’d also like to thank Google for backing the Keras project. It has been fantastic to
see Keras adopted as TensorFlow’s high-level API. A smooth integration between Keras
and TensorFlow greatly benefits both TensorFlow users and Keras users and makes
deep learning accessible to most.
I want to thank the people at Manning who made this book possible: publisher
Marjan Bace and everyone on the editorial and production teams, including Christina
Taylor, Janet Vail, Tiffany Taylor, Katie Tennant, Dottie Marsico, and many others who
worked behind the scenes.
Many thanks go to the technical peer reviewers led by Aleksandar Dragosavljevic´ —
Diego Acuña Rozas, Geoff Barto, David Blumenthal-Barby, Abel Brown, Clark Dor-
man, Clark Gaylord, Thomas Heiman, Wilson Mar, Sumit Pal, Vladimir Pasman, Gus-
tavo Patino, Peter Rabinovitch, Alvin Raj, Claudio Rodriguez, Srdjan Santic, Richard
Tobias, Martin Verzilli, William E. Wheeler, and Daniel Williams—and the forum con-
tributors. Their contributions included catching technical mistakes, errors in termi-
nology, and typos, and making topic suggestions. Each pass through the review
process and each piece of feedback implemented through the forum topics shaped
and molded the manuscript.
On the technical side, special thanks go to Jerry Gaines, who served as the book’s
technical editor; and Alex Ott and Richard Tobias, who served as the book’s technical
proofreaders. They’re the best technical editors I could have hoped for.
Finally, I’d like to express my gratitude to my wife Maria for being extremely
supportive throughout the development of Keras and the writing of this book.
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xvi
about this book
This book was written for anyone who wishes to explore deep learning from scratch or
broaden their understanding of deep learning. Whether you’re a practicing machine-learn-
ing engineer, a software developer, or a college student, you’ll find value in these pages.
This book offers a practical, hands-on exploration of deep learning. It avoids math-
ematical notation, preferring instead to explain quantitative concepts via code snip-
pets and to build practical intuition about the core ideas of machine learning and
deep learning.
You’ll learn from more than 30 code examples that include detailed commentary,
practical recommendations, and simple high-level explanations of everything you
need to know to start using deep learning to solve concrete problems.
The code examples use the Python deep-learning framework Keras, with Tensor-
Flow as a backend engine. Keras, one of the most popular and fastest-growing deep-
learning frameworks, is widely recommended as the best tool to get started with deep
learning.
After reading this book, you’ll have a solid understand of what deep learning is,
when it’s applicable, and what its limitations are. You’ll be familiar with the standard
workflow for approaching and solving machine-learning problems, and you’ll know
how to address commonly encountered issues. You’ll be able to use Keras to tackle
real-world problems ranging from computer vision to natural-language processing:
image classification, timeseries forecasting, sentiment analysis, image and text genera-
tion, and more.
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ABOUT THIS BOOK xvii
Who should read this book
This book is written for people with Python programming experience who want to get
started with machine learning and deep learning. But this book can also be valuable
to many different types of readers:
If you’re a data scientist familiar with machine learning, this book will provide
you with a solid, practical introduction to deep learning, the fastest-growing
and most significant subfield of machine learning.
If you’re a deep-learning expert looking to get started with the Keras frame-
work, you’ll find this book to be the best Keras crash course available.
If you’re a graduate student studying deep learning in a formal setting, you’ll
find this book to be a practical complement to your education, helping you
build intuition around the behavior of deep neural networks and familiarizing
you with key best practices.
Even technically minded people who don’t code regularly will find this book useful as
an introduction to both basic and advanced deep-learning concepts.
In order to use Keras, you’ll need reasonable Python proficiency. Additionally, famil-
iarity with the Numpy library will be helpful, although it isn’t required. You don’t need
previous experience with machine learning or deep learning: this book covers from
scratch all the necessary basics. You don’t need an advanced mathematics background,
either—high school–level mathematics should suffice in order to follow along.
Roadmap
This book is structured in two parts. If you have no prior experience with machine
learning, I strongly recommend that you complete part 1 before approaching part 2.
We’ll start with simple examples, and as the book goes on, we’ll get increasingly close
to state-of-the-art techniques.
Part 1 is a high-level introduction to deep learning, providing context and defini-
tions, and explaining all the notions required to get started with machine learning
and neural networks:
Chapter 1 presents essential context and background knowledge around AI,
machine learning, and deep learning.
Chapter 2 introduces fundamental concepts necessary in order to approach
deep learning: tensors, tensor operations, gradient descent, and backpropaga-
tion. This chapter also features the book’s first example of a working neural
network.
Chapter 3 includes everything you need to get started with neural networks: an
introduction to Keras, our deep-learning framework of choice; a guide for set-
ting up your workstation; and three foundational code examples with detailed
explanations. By the end of this chapter, you’ll be able to train simple neural
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ABOUT THIS BOOKxviii
networks to handle classification and regression tasks, and you’ll have a solid
idea of what’s happening in the background as you train them.
Chapter 4 explores the canonical machine-learning workflow. You’ll also learn
about common pitfalls and their solutions.
Part 2 takes an in-depth dive into practical applications of deep learning in computer
vision and natural-language processing. Many of the examples introduced in this part
can be used as templates to solve problems you’ll encounter in the real-world practice
of deep learning:
Chapter 5 examines a range of practical computer-vision examples, with a focus
on image classification.
Chapter 6 gives you practice with techniques for processing sequence data, such
as text and timeseries.
Chapter 7 introduces advanced techniques for building state-of-the-art deep-
learning models.
Chapter 8 explains generative models: deep-learning models capable of creat-
ing images and text, with sometimes surprisingly artistic results.
Chapter 9 is dedicated to consolidating what you’ve learned throughout the
book, as well as opening perspectives on the limitations of deep learning and
exploring its probable future.
Software/hardware requirements
All of this book’s code examples use the Keras deep-learning framework (https://
keras.io), which is open source and free to download. You’ll need access to a UNIX
machine; it’s possible to use Windows, too, but I don’t recommend it. Appendix A
walks you through the complete setup.
I also recommend that you have a recent NVIDIA GPU on your machine, such as a
TITAN X. This isn’t required, but it will make your experience better by allowing you
to run the code examples several times faster. See section 3.3 for more information
about setting up a deep-learning workstation.
If you don’t have access to a local workstation with a recent NVIDIA GPU, you can
use a cloud environment, instead. In particular, you can use Google Cloud instances
(such as an n1-standard-8 instance with an NVIDIA Tesla K80 add-on) or Amazon Web
Services (AWS) GPU instances (such as a p2.xlarge instance). Appendix B presents in
detail one possible cloud workflow that runs an AWS instance via Jupyter notebooks,
accessible in your browser.
Source code
All code examples in this book are available for download as Jupyter notebooks from
the book’s website, www.manning.com/books/deep-learning-with-python, and on
GitHub at https://github.com/fchollet/deep-learning-with-python-notebooks.
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ABOUT THIS BOOK xix
Book forum
Purchase of Deep Learning with Python includes free access to a private web forum run by
Manning Publications where you can make comments about the book, ask technical
questions, and receive help from the author and from other users. To access the forum,
go to https://forums.manning.com/forums/deep-learning-with-python. You can also
learn more about Manning’s forums and the rules of conduct at https://forums
.manning.com/forums/about.
Manning’s commitment to our readers is to provide a venue where a meaningful
dialogue between individual readers and between readers and the author can take
place. It isn’t a commitment to any specific amount of participation on the part of the
author, whose contribution to the forum remains voluntary (and unpaid). We suggest
you try asking him some challenging questions lest his interest stray! The forum and
the archives of previous discussions will be accessible from the publisher’s website as
long as the book is in print.
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