VMware存储认证测试指南

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"VMware Storage Certification Guide 是一份关于VMware Workbench 3.0和ESXi 5.5的存储认证测试文档，旨在帮助用户了解如何进行存储认证，并支持这两个产品的后续版本。此文档适用于想要确保其存储解决方案与VMware环境兼容的IT专业人员。" 在VMware Workbench中进行存储认证测试是为了确保所使用的存储设备或解决方案能够有效地与VMware虚拟化平台集成，提供稳定、高性能的存储服务。VMware Workbench是一个强大的工具，它允许用户在不干扰现有生产环境的情况下测试、创建和管理虚拟机。在VMware ESXi 5.5这一特定版本中，存储是虚拟化基础设施的关键组成部分。ESXi是VMware的轻量级hypervisor，直接在硬件上运行，提供对物理资源的直接访问，包括存储。存储认证测试确保了存储解决方案与ESXi 5.5的兼容性，涵盖了I/O性能、数据保护、容错能力以及扩展性等多个方面。在进行存储认证测试时，你需要关注以下几个关键知识点： 1. **兼容性列表**：在开始测试之前，参考VMware的兼容性指南（HCL - Hardware Compatibility List）以确认你的存储设备是否已知与ESXi 5.5兼容。这是确保成功认证的第一步。 2. **性能测试**：使用VMware Workbench模拟不同的工作负载来测试存储系统的读写速度、IOPS（每秒输入/输出操作）和延迟。这将揭示在高压力环境下存储解决方案的性能表现。 3. **数据保护**：验证存储系统是否支持快照、克隆和备份功能，这些对于灾难恢复和业务连续性至关重要。同时，检查存储系统是否支持VMware vSphere的vMotion和DRS（分布式资源调度），以便在不中断服务的情况下进行迁移和负载平衡。 4. **容错和冗余**：测试RAID配置、多路径I/O（MPIO）和故障切换功能，以确保即使在硬件故障情况下，数据仍然可用且系统可以继续运行。 5. **扩展性**：评估存储系统在增加虚拟机数量或数据增长时的扩展能力。这包括存储容量的扩展和性能的线性增长。 6. **虚拟化特性支持**：确认存储系统是否支持VMware的高级特性，如VMware VAAI（Virtual Machine Awareness for Storage I/O）和VDS（Virtual Disk Service），这些可以优化虚拟环境中的存储操作。 7. **文档记录**：在整个测试过程中，详细记录结果并分析，以准备认证报告。这包括性能基准、问题记录和解决方法。完成这些测试后，你将拥有足够的信息来判断你的存储解决方案是否满足VMware的认证标准。如果所有测试都通过，你可以将这个解决方案添加到你的VMware环境中，确信它能提供可靠的服务。记得，VMware官网是获取最新技术文档、产品更新和认证信息的最佳来源。持续关注VMware的支持网站以获取最新的兼容性列表和更新，确保你的存储解决方案始终保持最佳状态。

Storage Certification Guide

14 VMware, Inc.

 To set the hostname on Workbench:

aEdit file /etc/hostname and change the hostname. Example: workbench123

b Change file attribute: chattr +i /etc/hostname

cEdit file /etc/sysconfig/network and change the hostname. Example: workbench123

d Change file attribute: chattr +i /etc/sysconfig/network

eType hostname <hostname> in a terminal window.

f Reboot Workbench.

g After the reboot, open a terminal window and type hostname to verify the hostname you specified.

You can use Workbench Installation Helper to install and configure many parts of the testbed. See the VMware

Workbench Getting Started Guide for instructions.

Installing ESXi

The storage certification testbed requires installing and configuring two ESXi hosts, labeled ESXi A and ESXi

B in the topology diagrams, for each certification type. See the relevant certification chapter.

 All tests must be performed with ESXi installed on boot from SAN. Otherwise a footnote on the HCL will

be added to indicate boot from SAN is not supported with the array. You must have one array on the

system under test.

 All tests run across a multi-host environment. For example, the virtual machine data integrity test runs

on the virtual machines on both ESXi hosts concurrently.

 Enable VMotion and verify that VAAI is enabled in both ESXi hosts. VAAI is enabled by default.

 Synchronize time between the ESXi hosts and:

a All hardware components (e.g., switches, storage).

b All guest operating systems using VMware Tools.

c VMware Workbench. From the Workbench toolbar:

i Open a console terminal on the Workbench virtual machine.

Run yast2.

iii On the left-hand column highlight System.

iv On the right-hand column select Date and Time.

v Select your Region.

MPORTANT If you are using DHCP with DNS in your testing environment, VMware recommends that you

add a hardware reservation to your DHCP server for the Workbench appliance and the appropriate

corresponding records in your DNS. Due to varying versions of DHCP and DNS, contact your network

administrator or documentation specific to your network environment.

Verify your settings with these commands:

Validate the correct IP address for Workbench:

ifconfig eth0

Validate the correct Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN). The returned information must not state localhost

or have an error:

hostname --fqdn

NOTE Boot from SAN is not supported from the software FCoE adapter for ESXi 5.0.

VMware, Inc. 15

Chapter 1 Certification Requirements

vi Tab over to the Time Zone section and select your time zone.

vii Tab to Hardware Clock set to UTC box and uncheck to disable the default setting.

viii Tab to the Date and Time section.

ix Select Change, then manually set the wall clock time to match the time set for your system

components, e.g., ESXi server(s), storage array(s), switch synchronization.

xClick Accept.

xi Tab to OK and press F10.

xii Press F9 to quit.

Configuring ESXi Hosts

Configure the ESXi hosts:

1 Acquire approved servers and install approved HBAs.

2 Restore the HBAs to factory defaults using their BIOS.

3 Install ESXi using the bootable CD-ROM. Set the ESXi date and time to wall clock date and time using the

date command in the console OS.

# date -s "MM DD HH minutes year. seconds"

Example: # date -s "011913382011.50" i.e 19JAN2011 @ 13:38 50 secs

After the installation is complete:

1Click Finish to reboot the system.

2 After the ESXi host boots, press F2 to enter the Customize System menu.

3 Select Configure Password to set the password.

4 Select Configuration Management Network > IP Configuration to obtain IP address through DHCP or

to assign static IP Address Subnet Mask and Default Gateway.

5 Select Configuration Management Network > DNS Configuration to set the Primary and Alternative

DNS Server IP and hostname. The DNS server must successfully resolve the ESXi and vCenter hostname

6 Select Troubleshooting Mode Options and enable ESX Shell, SSH and Restart the Management Agents.

7 Press F11 to apply the changes.

8 Press Esc to return to the main screen, then Alt+F1 to log onto the console as root.

9 At the command prompt, disable the firewall on both ESXi hosts before testing. Use these commands to

disable the firewall:

To disable firewall:

# esxcli network firewall set --enabled false

To check the firewall status:

# esxcli network firewall get

10 Using Installation Helper, install STAF on both ESXi hosts. See the VMware Workbench Installation

Helper Guide for details.

11 If you have not already done so, install the vSphere Web Client.

12 Using the vSphere Web Client, connect to ESXi for licensing and final installation steps.

Storage Certification Guide

16 VMware, Inc.

13 For FC and FCoE:

a You need HBA WWNs to create soft FC zones and to assign storage LUNs to servers. To obtain

WWNs for FC HBAs, enter the following command at the ESXi command line interface:

# cat /proc/scsi/<name of FC HBA>/<node number>

For example:

# cat/proc/scsi/qla2300/0

b Create a zone for each path:

 Create a zone on the first switch, which consists of all of the HBA and storage array ports that

are attached to this switch only (i.e., the first switch).

 Create a zone on the second switch, which consists of all of the HBA and storage array ports that

are attached to this switch only (i.e. the second switch).

c From the SAN storage array, assign LUNs to the HBAs in the ESXi system. For SAN configurations,

a minimum of four paths per LUN seen through the ESXi system is required.

d Verify the LUN visibility and path selection. Use the client or the command line interface to view your

storage targets and path information.

14 For SAS:

a From the storage array, assign LUNs to the SAS HBAs in the ESXi system. For SAS DAS

configurations, a minimum of two paths is required. For Switched SAS configurations, four paths are

required.

b Verify the LUN visibility and path selection. Use the client or the command line interface to view your

storage targets and path information.

15 For iSCSI:

a From the SAN storage array, assign LUNs to the iSCSI HBAs in the ESXi system. A minimum of four

paths per LUN must be visible through the ESXi system.

b Verify the LUN visibility and path selection. Use the client or the command line interface to view your

storage targets and path information.

Installing vCenter Server

If you have not yet done so, install vCenter Server on a separate Windows 64-bit system running on a virtual

machine on a separate ESXi host from ESXi A and ESXi B.

Verify that STAF 3.4.x installed. Use Installation Helper to install STAF. See the VMware Workbench Getting

Started Guide for details.

Disable the firewall on the Windows virtual machine running vCenter Server:

1 Log into the Windows virtual machine.

2 In the Control Panel, go to Windows Firewall -> Turn Windows Firewall On or Off. Select Turn Off

Windows Firewall.

Make sure the ESXi hosts are attached in the manual cluster configuration with High Availability (HA) and

Distributed Resource Scheduling (DRS). Set DRS to manual.

OTE The vCenter virtual machine is on a datastore that resides on the local device of ESXi and not on the

storage under test.

VMware, Inc. 17

Chapter 1 Certification Requirements

Configuring vCenter Server

Before running tests, you need to configure vCenter Server:

1 Connect to vCenter Server using the vSphere Web Client.

2 Create a datacenter and a cluster on vCenter Server.

3 Add both ESXi hosts to this cluster in this datacenter. Do not add any other ESXi hosts in this datacenter.

4 Configure the username/password to administrator/vmwareesx.

Allocating LUNs

VMware recommends allocating a minimum of 65 LUNs on the block storage array or 64 volumes for NAS

storage array assigned to both ESXi hosts used according to Table 1-1.

OTE All LUNs shown in Table 1-1 should be defined as visible to both ESXi hosts. An important exception

are the boot LUNS for ESXi A and ESXi B, shown in the first line of Table 1-1. The boot LUN for ESXi A should

not be visible to ESXi B, and vice versa. Also, the boot LUNs for ESXi A and ESXi B must not be shared by the

two hosts. With respect to creating any remaining unused LUNs (referenced in the last line of the table), do

not make LUN IDs perfectly sequential. There should be gaps between the ID integers, for example, LUN ID

1, 3, 5 and so on.

LUN requirements for TPUNMAP tests are given in Chapter 4, “Thin Provisioning Space Reclamation

UNMAP Tests,” on page 47.

Format NFS according to Table 1-2:

Table 1-1. Block Storage-LUN Usage

# of LUNs Usage for ESXi A and ESXi B Capacity

2 Boot for ESXi A and ESXi B 20 GB

1 Shared VMFS3 datastore 1 for virtual machines 400 GB

1 Shared VMFS5 datastore 2 for virtual machines 400 GB

5 VMFS Spanning 10 GB

16 Pass-thru RDMs 3 GB

16 Non-pass-thru RDMs 3 GB

1 Volume Grow VMFS datastore 20 GB to start with and

20 GB additional to

grow the volume

5 1 Pass-thru RDM, 2 Non-pass-thru RDM, 1 VMFS3, 1 VMF5 for VAAI 50 GB

1 Shared RDM attached to Win2K3 R2 for SCSI3PR and SCSI2 Reserve

tests

1 GB

1 VMFS Large Datastore for VAAI 2.1 TB

2 Datastore created using thin-provisioned LUN 12 GB

1 Thick datastore 10 GB

Remaining unused

LUNs

50% of the LUN has storage capacity between 5 GB and 10 GB and 50%

of the LUN has storage capacity between 2 GB and 5 GB

2 GB to 10 GB. When

creating these LUNs,

do not make LUN IDs

perfectly sequential.

Table 1-2. NFS - Share Usage

# of Shares Usage Capacity

1 Shared NFS datastore 1 for virtual machines 400 GB

1 Shared NFS datastore 2 for virtual machines 400 GB

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