Rails 2nd Edition: Agile Web Development抢先读

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"Agile Web Development with Rails 2nd ed.pdf" 这本PDF电子书是《Agile Web Development with Rails》的英文第二版，专为敏捷开发者设计，它详细介绍了如何使用Ruby on Rails框架进行敏捷的Web应用开发。Ruby on Rails（简称Rails）是一个开源的Web应用程序框架，遵循模型-视图-控制器（MVC）架构模式，以Ruby编程语言为基础，旨在简化Web开发过程，提高开发效率。书中提到的"Agile Publishing for Agile Developers"概念，意味着本书采用敏捷出版方式，即在书本完成前就发布早期版本，以便读者能够尽早获取内容，并通过反馈帮助改进书中的内容，实现作者与读者之间的互动，使得最终版本更加完善。此版与一般的beta书籍不同，因为它是现有第一版的更新版，作者决定在原书基础上进行修订。章节标题用红色或灰色标记，红色表示有大量新内容，灰色则表示内容变化不大。然而，由于这是未完成的版本，所以存在一些不足之处：技术编辑尚未完成，可能会有错误；未经过拷贝编辑，所以错别字和排版问题较多；布局未经优化，可能会出现不理想的页码断开、过长行距、错误的分词等情况。尽管如此，这本书对于想要学习和掌握Rails框架的开发者来说仍然具有极高的价值。它将涵盖Rails的基本概念，如路由、模型、控制器、视图、数据库交互（ActiveRecord）、测试驱动开发（TDD）、集成测试、RESTful设计原则，以及敏捷开发方法论的应用，如Scrum或Kanban。此外，书中还可能涉及版本控制（如Git）、部署策略、性能优化和安全实践等相关话题。通过阅读这本书，读者不仅可以学习到最新的Rails开发技巧，还能了解到如何在敏捷环境中有效地协作和迭代，提升项目管理能力。尽管此版本存在瑕疵，但随着后期的完善，最终版本将提供全面、实用的Rails开发指导。对于想要提升自身Web开发技能，尤其是使用Rails框架的人来说，这是一个不可多得的学习资源。

RAILS IS AGILE 4

small groups of developers, their favorite editors, and chunks of Ruby

code. This leads to transparency; w hat the developers do is reﬂected imme-

diately i n what the customer sees. It’s an intrinsically interactive process.

Rails doesn’t denounce documentation. R ails makes it trivially easy to cre-

ate HTML documentation for your entire codebase. But the Rails develop-

ment process isn’t driven by documents. You w on’t ﬁnd 500-page spec-

iﬁcations at the heart of a R ail s project. Instead, you’ll ﬁnd a group of

users and developers jointl y exploring their need and t he possible ways of

answering that need. You’ll ﬁnd solutions that change as both the develop-

ers and users become more experienced with the problems they’re trying

to solve. You’ll ﬁnd a framework that delivers working software early in the

development cycle. This software may be rough around the edges, but it

lets the users start to g et a glimpse of what you’ll be delivering.

In this way, Rails encourages customer collaboration. When customers see

just how quickly a Rails pr oject can respond to change, t hey start to trust

that the team can deliver what’s required, not just what’s been asked f or.

Confrontations are replaced by “What if?” sessions.

That’s all tied back to th e idea of being able to respond to change. The

strong, almost obsessive, way t hat Rail s honors the DRY principle means

that changes to Rails applications impact a lot less code than the same

changes would in other frameworks. And since Rails applications are writ-

ten in Ruby, where concepts can be expressed accurately and concisely,

changes tend to be localized and easy to write. The deep emphasis on both

unit and functional testing, along with support for test ﬁxtures and st ubs

during testing, gives developers the safety net they need when making

those chang es. With a good set of tests in place, changes are less nerve-

wracking.

Rather than constantly trying to tie Rails processes to the agile pri nciples,

we’ve decided to let the framework speak for itself. As you read thr ough the

tutorial section, try to imagine yourself developing web applications this

way: working alongside your customers an d jointly determining priorities

and solutions to problems. Then, as you read the deeper reference material

in the back, see how the underlying structure of Rails can enable you to

meet your customers’ needs faster and with l ess ceremony.

One last point about agi l i ty and Rails: although it’s probably unprofes-

sional to mention this, think how much fun the coding will be.

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FINDING YOUR WAY AROUND 5

1.2 Finding Your Way Around

The ﬁrst two parts of this book are an introduction to the concepts behind

Rails and an extended example—we build a simple online store. This is

the place t o start if you’re looking to get a feel for Rails programming. In

fact most folks seem to enjoy building the application along with the book.

If you don’t want to do all that typing, you can cheat and download the

source code in either a compressed tar archi ve or as a zip ﬁle.

The third part of the book, starting on page

222, is a detailed look at all

the functions and facilities of Rails. This is where you’ll go to ﬁnd out

how to use the various Rails components and how to deploy your Rails

applications efﬁciently and safely.

Along the way, you’ll see various conventions we’ve adopted.

Live Code

Most of the code snippets we show come from full-length, running

examples, w hich you can download. To help you ﬁnd y our way, if a

code listing can be found in the download, there’ll be a bar above t he

snippet (just like the one here).

Download work/demo1/app /controllers/say_controller.rb

class SayController < ApplicationController

def hello

end

This contains the path to the code within the download. If you’re

reading the PDF version of this book, and if your PDF viewer supports

hyperlinks, you can click on the bar and the code should appear in a

browser window. Some browsers (such as Safari) wil l mistakenly try

to interpret some of the templates as HTML. If this happens, view the

source of the page to see the real source code.

Ruby Tips

Although you need to know Ruby to write Rails applications, we real-

ize that many folks reading this book will be learning both Ruby and

Rails at the same time. Appendix

A, on page 529, is a (very) brief

introduction to the Ruby language. When we use a Ruby-speciﬁc

construct for the ﬁrst time, we’ll cross-reference it to that appendix.

For example, this paragraph contains a gratuitous use of :name, a :name

֒→ pag e

531

Ruby symbol. In the margin, you’ll see an indication that symbols

http://www.pragmaticprogrammer.c om/titles/rails2/code.html has the links for the downloads.

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