使用Eclipse 3.0 SWT/JFace设计图形应用程序

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"SWT JFace应用开发指南" SWT（Standard Widget Toolkit）和JFace是Eclipse平台上两个重要的UI组件库，分别负责基本UI控件和高级UI控件的开发。本书《Manning - SWT JFace in Action》旨在指导读者如何使用SWT和JFace设计和开发图形化应用程序，特别是在Eclipse 3.0平台上。 SWT（Standard Widget Toolkit） --------------------------- SWT是Eclipse平台上一个开源的UI组件库，由IBM开发。SWT提供了一套跨平台的UI控件，包括Button、Label、Text、List、Table等基本控件。SWT的设计目标是提供一个高性能、跨平台的UI解决方案，能够满足各种图形化应用程序的需求。 SWT的优点包括： * 跨平台支持：SWT支持Windows、Linux、Mac OS等多种平台。 * 高性能：SWT使用native控件，提供了高性能的UI体验。 * 可扩展性：SWT提供了一套灵活的API，允许开发者自定义控件和扩展功能。 JFace ----- JFace是Eclipse平台上一个高级UI组件库，由IBM开发。JFace提供了一套高级UI控件，包括Wizard、Dialog、View等，用于构建复杂的图形化应用程序。JFace的设计目标是提供一个统一的UI解决方案，能够满足各种图形化应用程序的需求。 JFace的优点包括： * 高级UI控件：JFace提供了一套高级UI控件，包括Wizard、Dialog、View等。 * 统一的UI解决方案：JFace提供了一个统一的UI解决方案，能够满足各种图形化应用程序的需求。 * 可扩展性：JFace提供了一套灵活的API，允许开发者自定义控件和扩展功能。设计图形化应用程序 --------------------- 设计图形化应用程序需要考虑多种因素，包括用户体验、性能、可扩展性等。本书《Manning - SWT JFace in Action》提供了一些实用的设计原则和技术，指导读者如何设计和开发高质量的图形化应用程序。 *用户体验：图形化应用程序的用户体验是非常重要的，需要考虑用户的需求和习惯。 *性能：图形化应用程序的性能是非常重要的，需要考虑控件的渲染、事件处理和数据处理等方面。 *可扩展性：图形化应用程序需要具备良好的可扩展性，能够满足未来可能的需求和变化。结语 ---- 本书《Manning - SWT JFace in Action》是Eclipse平台上SWT和JFace应用开发的权威指南，提供了一些实用的技术和经验，指导读者如何设计和开发高质量的图形化应用程序。通过本书，读者可以掌握SWT和JFace的基本概念和技术，并应用于实际的开发项目中。

xvi

acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge and thank the people who made this book

a reality:

First, we'd like to express our appreciation to Marjan Bace, publisher of Man-

ning, for this opportunity, and to his staff, Clay Andres, Susan Capparelle, and

Dave Roberson, for their support throughout the process. Our heartfelt thanks go

to Jacquelyn Carter, our beleaguered and ever-patient developmental editor who

put up with all our whining and last-minute changes. We particularly want to rec-

ognize the hard work put in by the production team: Mary Piergies, Tiffany Tay-

lor, and Tony Roberts. Their efforts have provided the professionalism and polish

that has kept this book to its high production standard.

Next, we want to extend our sincere appreciation to our diligent reviewers: Phil

Hanna, Christophe Avare, Frank Jania, Ted Neward, Dan Dobrin, Ryan Lowe,

Steve Gutz, Carl Hume, Ed Burnette, Charles Bundy, and Robert McGovern. Their

feedback and encouragement helped us tremendously and in many cases guided

the direction of the book’s content. We’re particularly grateful for the technical

reviewing of Phil Hanna. There’s nothing worse than a programming book with

poor code, and his exacting tests ensured that our code will work as promised.

We also want to thank the Eclipse.org community in general. Not only have

they produced a quality product, but this book wouldn’t be possible without their

dedication to technical support. Their programmers have promptly and thor-

oughly answered our many questions, and their documentation has provided a

great deal of assistance. Of course, we’re also indebted to the Eclipse developers

Licensed to jromero <jose.romero@galicia.seresco.es>

ABOUT THIS BOOK xix

add another tab. Where the initial chapters develop the foundation of the appli-

cation, the code for the later chapters can stand on its own without needing that

from the preceding chapters. We hope this approach lets you focus on the topics

that are of particular interest to you, using the framework of the Widget Window

application to play with the code and see the effects of different parameters on

each component.

Beyond a general introduction to the tools, we cover several specific aspects of

SWT/JFace:

■

The relationship between SWT and JFace—When you first approach these two

libraries, it’s difficult to know when to use one over the other, or why JFace

exists. We explain the seeming redundancies between the two libraries and

demonstrate the trade-offs in coding with one or the other.

■

Rules of thumb concerning GUI development—Having used these tools exten-

sively, we’ve found a number of routines that simplify the process of creat-

ing

GUIs. We’ve also encountered a number of places where SWT/JFace’s

operation differs from its documentation. In each case, we provide explana-

tions and practical examples to help you avoid these pitfalls and create reli-

able SWT/JFace applications.

■

Cross-platform development—Between SWT and JFace, you can find many dif-

ferent ways to build the same user interface. However, some methods trans-

late well across operating systems, and some don’t. Throughout this book,

we present screenshots on multiple windowing platforms to show you how

your application will appear.

■

Practical code examples—When we came up with the example code in this

book, we held two priorities in mind: We kept them concise, for hands-on

readers; and we made them modular, so you can use them in SWT/JFace

applications you build in the future.

■

Toolsets that build on SWT/JFace—We’re excited to present the first thorough

walkthrough of the Draw2D and Graphical Editor Framework (

GEF)

toolsets. These libraries, which build on the capabilities of

SWT and JFace,

greatly extend the power and flexibility of

GUI design.

Chapter 1, “Overview,” presents the history of

SWT and JFace and places these tech-

nologies in context. We present an overview of the history of graphical user inter-

face development using Java and discuss the organization of the various classes

and packages within

SWT and JFace.

Chapter 2, “Getting started with SWT/JFace,” shows you how to set up a project to

use

SWT and JFace, either within the Eclipse IDE or as a standalone project built

Licensed to jromero <jose.romero@galicia.seresco.es>

xx ABOUT THIS BOOK

from the command line. After showing how to implement a traditional “Hello

World” application using

SWT and JFace, we introduce the basic framework on

which the Widget Window will be built.

Chapter 3, “Widgets: part 1,” discusses the inheritance hierarchy used by the SWT

and JFace classes. We also discuss several concepts common to all widgets within

SWT and show how to use some basic, common widgets such as buttons and labels.

Chapter 4, “Working with events,” explains how to enable your application to

react appropriately when the user takes an action such as clicking a button on the

screen. We show the details of low-level event classes in both

SWT and JFace and

discuss the higher-level Action framework that makes handling events easier.

Chapter 5, “More widgets,” dives back in to the discussion of individual compo-

nents provided by

SWT. Most important, we discuss how to let users edit text

within your application, and we cover a variety of useful widgets that are often

used in user interfaces.

Chapter 6, “Layouts,” takes a break from the details of individual widgets to dis-

cuss ways to organize widgets on the screen. After covering the built-in layout

managers provided by

SWT, we show how to create a custom layout manager if the

default ones don’t meet the needs of your application.

Chapter 7, “Graphics,” covers low-level SWT facilities for drawing graphics by

hand. In addition, we show how to programmatically manipulate colors, fonts,

and images from within

SWT.

Chapter 8, “Working with trees and lists,” introduces the Viewer framework, a set

of classes and interfaces provided by JFace to make working with data easier. We

use this discussion of viewers and their related classes to show you how to easily

work with tree and list widgets.

Chapter 9, “Tables and menus,” continues the Viewer framework discussion from

chapter 8 and includes several advanced features of the framework. We show how

these features enable you to create tables that users can easily and intuitively edit.

The chapter ends with a discussion of menus and how they tie into the action

classes from chapter 4.

Chapter 10, “Dialogs,” covers ways to create dialog boxes in both

SWT and JFace.

We discuss the dialog boxes provided by

SWT and JFace and show how to create

your own dialogs when necessary.

Chapter 11, “Wizards,” shows how to use the framework provided by JFace to

create a wizard that guides the user through a series of steps.

Chapter 12, “Advanced features,” covers a variety of miscellaneous features. These

are important topics to understand in order to fully master

SWT and JFace, but

they aren’t essential to get a basic application running. We discuss subjects such as

Licensed to jromero <jose.romero@galicia.seresco.es>

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