TI-BQ2083: 高精度锂离子电池管理器，支持SBS V1.1与AFE保护

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TI-BQ2083-V1P3是一款高度集成的锂离子和锂聚合物电池管理IC，专为需要精确测量电池状态的便携式设备设计，如笔记本电脑、医疗设备和便携式仪表等应用。该芯片的核心特点是其强大的低功耗RISC CPU核心，配合高性能外围组件，能够提供10.8V或14.4V电池包的全面保护和电子解决方案，减少外部元件的需求。 BQ2083支持Smart Battery Specification (SBS) V1.1标准，确保了与行业电池管理系统（BMS）的兼容性，提高了电池管理和监控的准确性。内置的16位积分型转换器用于高精度的充电流量测量，分辨率优于3nVh，具有自校准功能，能有效减小偏移误差，控制在小于1μV的范围内。这使得电池的剩余电量计算更为精确。此外，该IC采用16位的ΔΣ转换器进行电压和温度的监测，确保了对电池健康状况的全面评估。它还具备可编程的细胞模型功能，可以根据实际电池特性进行个性化设置，进一步提升电池燃料 gauge 的准确度。 BQ2083还配备了一个驱动3、4或5段LED显示器的功能，用户可以直接通过显示看到电池剩余容量，方便直观地了解电池状态。这款芯片采用紧凑的38-pin TSSOP(DBT)封装，节省空间的同时便于集成到各种设计中。 TI-BQ2083-V1P3是一款功能强大且高效的电池管理解决方案，适用于对电池性能和安全性有严格要求的应用场景，通过其精密的测量技术和灵活的配置选项，极大地简化了设计师的工作，并提供了可靠的电池寿命预测和保护。

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The main charge counter RemainingCapacity( ) (RM) represents the available capacity or energy in the battery at

any given time. The bq2083−V1P3 adjusts RM for charge, self-discharge, and other compensation factors. The

information in the RM register is accessible through the SMBus interface and is also represented through the LED

display.

The FullChargeCapacity( ) (FCC) register represents the last measured full discharge of the battery. It is used as

the battery full-charge reference for relative capacity indication. The bq2083−V1P3 updates FCC after the battery

undergoes a qualified discharge from nearly full to a low battery level. FCC is accessible through the SMBus interface.

The Discharge Count Register (DCR) is a non-accessible register that tracks discharge of the battery. The

bq2083−V1P3 uses the DCR register to update the FCC register if the battery undergoes a qualified discharge from

nearly full to a low battery level. In this way, the bq2083−V1P3 learns the true discharge capacity of the battery under

system use conditions.

Main Gas-Gauge Registers

The gas-gauge register functions are described in Table 3.

RemainingCapacity( ) (RM)

RM represents the remaining capacity in the battery. The bq2083−V1P3 computes RM in units of either mAh or

10 mWh depending on the selected mode. See Battery Mode( ) (0x03) for units configuration.

RM counts up during charge to a maximum value of FCC and down during discharge and self-discharge to a minimum

of 0. In addition to charge and self-discharge compensation, the bq2083−V1P3 calibrates RM at three

low-battery-voltage thresholds, EDV2, EDV1, and EDV0 and three programmable midrange thresholds VOC25,

VOC50, and VOC75. This provides a voltage-based calibration to the RM counter.

DesignCapacity( ) (DC)

The DC is the user-specified battery full capacity. It is calculated from Pack Capacity DF 0x31-0x32 and is

represented in units of mAh or 10 mWh. It also represents the full-battery reference for the absolute display mode.

FullChargeCapacity( ) (FCC)

FCC is the last measured discharge capacity of the battery. It is represented in units of either mAh or 10 mWh,

depending on the selected mode. On initialization, the bq2083−V1P3 sets FCC to the value stored in Last Measured

Discharge DF 0x35-0x36. During subsequent discharges, the bq2083−V1P3 updates FCC with the last measured

discharge capacity of the battery. The last measured discharge of the battery is based on the value in the DCR register

after a qualified discharge occurs. Once updated, the bq2083−V1P3 writes the new FCC value to data flash in mAh

to Last Measured Discharge. FCC represents the full battery reference for the relative display mode and relative state

of charge calculations.

Discharge Count Register (DCR)

The DCR register counts up during discharge, independent of RM. DCR counts discharge activity, battery load

estimation, and self-discharge increment. The bq2083−V1P3 initializes DCR, at the beginning of a discharge, to FCC

− RM when RM is within the programmed value in Near Full DF 0x2f. The DCR initial value of FCC − RM is reduced

by FCC/128 if SC = 1 (bit 5 in Gauge Configuration) and is not reduced if SC = 0. DCR stops counting when the battery

voltage reaches the EDV2 threshold on discharge.

Capacity learning (FCC Update) and Qualified Discharge

The bq2083−V1P3 updates FCC with an amount based on the value in DCR if a qualified discharge occurs. The new

value for FCC equals the DCR value plus the programmable nearly full and low battery levels, according to the

following equation:

FCC (new) + DCR (final) + DCR (initial) ) Measured Discharge to EDV2 ) (FCC Battery Low%)

Battery Low % = (value stored in DF 0x2e) ÷ 2.56

A qualified discharge occurs if the battery discharges from RM ≥ FCC − Near Full to the EDV2 voltage threshold with

the following conditions:

D No valid charge activity occurs during the discharge period. A valid charge is defined as a charge of 10 mAh into

the battery.

(1)

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SLVS508 − OCTOBER 2003

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D No more than 256 mAh of self-discharge or battery load estimation occurs during the discharge period.

D The temperature does not drop below the low temperature thresholds programmed in Learning Low Temp DF

0x9b when EDV2 is detected.

D The battery voltage reaches the EDV2 threshold during the discharge period and the voltage is greater than or

equal to the EDV2 threshold minus 384 mV when the bq2083−V1P3 detected EDV2.

D No midrange voltage correction occurs during the discharge period.

D Current remains ≥ 3C/32 when EDV2 or Battery Low % level is reached.

D No overload condition exists when EDV2 threshold is reached or if RM( ) has dropped to Battery Low% x FCC.

The bq2083−V1P3 sets VDQ=1 in pack status when qualified discharge begins. The bq2083−V1P3 sets VDQ=0 if

any disqualifying condition occurs. FCC cannot be reduced by more than 256 mAh or increased by more than

512 mAh during any single update cycle. The bq2083−V1P3 saves the new FCC value to the data flash within 4

seconds of being updated.

End-of-Discharge Thresholds and Capacity Correction

The bq2083−V1P3 monitors the battery for three low-voltage thresholds, EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2. The EDV

thresholds can be programmed for determination based on the overall pack voltage or an individual cell level. The

EDVV bit in Pack Configuration DF 0x28 configures the bq2083−V1P3 for overall voltage or single-cell EDV

thresholds. If programmed for single cell EDV determination, the bq2083−V1P3 determines EDV on the basis of the

lowest single-cell voltage. Fixed EDV thresholds may be programmed in EMF/EDV0 DF 0x84-0x85, EDV C0

Factor/EDV1 DF 0x86-0x87, and EDV R Factor/EDV2 DF 0x88-0x89. If the CEDV bit in Gauge Configuration DF

0x29 is set, automatic EDV compensation is enabled and the bq2083−V1P3 computes the EDV0, EDV1, and EDV2

thresholds based on the values in DF 0x84-0x8d and the battery’s current discharge rate and temperature. The

bq2083−V1P3 disables EDV detection if Current( ) exceeds the Overload Current threshold programmed in DF 0x58

− DF 0x59. The bq2083−V1P3 resumes EDV threshold detection after Current( ) drops below the Overload Current

threshold. Any EDV threshold detected is reset after charge is applied and VDQ is cleared after 10mAh of charge.

Table 2. State of Charge Based on Low Battery Voltage

THRESHOLD

RELATIVE STATE

OF CHARGE

EDV0 0%

EDV1 3%

EDV2 Battery Low %

The bq2083−V1P3 uses the EDV thresholds to apply voltage-based corrections to the RM register according to

Table 1. The bq2083−V1P3 performs EDV-based RM adjustments with Current( ) ≥ C/32. No EDVs are set if current

< C/32. The bq2083−V1P3 adjusts RM as it detects each threshold. If the voltage threshold is reached before the

corresponding capacity on discharge, the bq2083−V1P3 reduces RM to the appropriate amount as shown in Table

2. This reduction occurs only if current ≥ C/32 when the EDV threshold is detected. If RM reaches the capacity level

before the voltage threshold is reached on discharge, the bq2083−V1P3 prevents RM from decreasing further until

the battery voltage reaches the corresponding threshold only on a full learning cycle discharge. RM is not held at the

associated EDV percentage on a nonlearning discharge cycle (VDQ=0) or if current < C/32.

If Battery Low % is set to zero, EDV1 and EDV0 corrections are disabled.

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