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"SCSI协议（英文版）" SCSI（Small Computer System Interface）协议是一种用于在计算机和其他设备之间传输数据的标准接口。它最初设计用于个人计算机，但随着时间的发展，已经扩展到涵盖各种存储设备，如硬盘驱动器、光驱、磁带驱动器，甚至网络存储系统。SCSI协议允许主机系统与多个外设之间进行并行通信，提高了数据传输速率和系统的可扩展性。 SCSI协议的第二代，即SCSI-2，是X3T9.2技术委员会制定的一个草案，旨在成为美国国家标准。这个草案在公开审查过程中可能会根据收到的反馈进行修改，最终批准成为标准。由于这是一份未完成的标准，使用其中的信息需自行承担风险。X3成员和ISO的技术委员会以及相关的任务小组在标准化活动中可以复制此文档，但必须包含版权通知，任何商业或盈利用途则严格禁止。 SCSI-2标准涵盖了多个方面，包括命令集、传输协议、电气和物理连接规范等。它定义了一套命令来控制存储设备的操作，如读取、写入数据、设备状态检查等。SCSI-2引入了同步传输模式，提高了数据传输速度，并支持更长的电缆长度，允许连接更多的设备。 SCSI协议的一个关键特性是其命令队列功能，允许主机系统预加载多个命令到设备，从而减少了设备处理I/O请求的延迟。此外，它还具有错误处理机制，能有效地恢复失败的传输操作。 SCSI协议还有多种变体，例如Fast SCSI、Ultra SCSI、Ultra2 LVD SCSI、Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) 和 Serial Storage Bus (SSB)等，它们在速度、电缆类型和连接密度上有所不同，以适应不同应用环境的需求。 Lawrence J. Lamers作为ASC X3T9.2的技术编辑，可能在该标准的制定中扮演了重要角色，负责协调和整理技术细节。他的联系信息提供给了对SCSI协议有进一步兴趣的人，以便他们获取更多相关信息或参与讨论。了解SCSI协议对于深入学习USB或其他存储接口技术至关重要，因为它为高效的数据交换和设备管理提供了坚实的基础。通过掌握SCSI协议，IT专业人员能够更好地理解和优化存储系统的性能，解决可能出现的问题，并设计出更高效的数据存取解决方案。

X3T9.2/375R revision 10L

Annexes

Page

Annex A .......................................................................... 414

SCSI signal sequence example ......................................................... 414

Annex B .......................................................................... 418

Fast SCSI skew time ................................................................. 418

Annex C .......................................................................... 420

Other SCSI standardization activities ..................................................... 420

Annex D .......................................................................... 421

Numeric order codes ................................................................. 421

Annex E .......................................................................... 431

Vendor identification ................................................................. 431

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X3T9.2/375R revision 10L

Figures

Page

Figure 1 - 50/68-contact non-shielded high-density SCSI device connector ........................... 11

Figure 2 - 50/68-contact non-shielded high-density cable connector ................................ 12

Figure 3 - 50-contact non-shielded low-density SCSI device connector .............................. 13

Figure 4 - 50-Contact non-shielded low-density cable connector ................................... 14

Figure 5 - 50/68-contact shielded high-density SCSI device connector .............................. 16

Figure 6 - 50/68-contact shielded high-density cable connector ................................... 17

Figure 7 - 50-contact shielded low-density SCSI device connector ................................. 18

Figure 8 - 50-contact shielded low-density cable connector ...................................... 19

Figure 9 - Alternative 1 termination ....................................................... 28

Figure 10 - Alternative 2 termination for single-ended devices .................................... 28

Figure 11 - Termination for differential devices ............................................... 29

Figure 12 - Differential driver protection circuit ............................................... 29

Figure 13 - SCSI ID bits ............................................................... 30

Figure 14 - Sample SCSI configurations .................................................... 31

Figure 15 - Wide SCSI byte ordering ...................................................... 45

Figure 16 - Phase sequences ........................................................... 51

Figure 17 - Simplified SCSI system ....................................................... 52

Figure 18 - Typical volume layout ....................................................... 229

Figure 19 - Typical medium track layout ................................................... 229

Figure 20 - Serpentine recording example ................................................. 229

Figure 21 - Parallel recording example .................................................... 230

Figure 22 - Helical scan recording example ................................................ 230

Figure 23 - Early-warning example ....................................................... 230

Figure 24 - Partitioning example - one partition per track group .................................. 231

Figure 25 - Partitioning example - one partition per two track groups .............................. 231

Figure 26 - Partitioning example - two partitions per track group ................................. 232

Figure 27 - SCSI printer model ......................................................... 268

Figure 28 - Illustration of element status data structure ........................................ 384

Figure A.1 - SCSI signal sequence example ................................................ 417

Figure C.1 - SCSI-3 standards structure ................................................... 420

working draft Small Computer System Interface — 2 xiii

X3T9.2/375R revision 10L

Tables

Page

Table 1 - Cross-reference to connector contact assignments ..................................... 20

Table 2 - Single-ended contact assignments - A cable .......................................... 20

Table 3 - Single-ended contact assignments - B cable .......................................... 21

Table 4 - Differential contact assignments - A cable ........................................... 22

Table 5 - Differential contact assignments - B cable ........................................... 23

Table 6 - Signal sources ............................................................... 33

Table 7 - SCSI bus timing values ......................................................... 35

Table 8 - Information transfer phases ...................................................... 43

Table 9 - Message format .............................................................. 53

Table 10 - Message codes ............................................................. 53

Table 11 - Extended message format ...................................................... 55

Table 12 - Extended message codes ...................................................... 55

Table 13 - IDENTIFY message format ..................................................... 58

Table 14 - IGNORE WIDE RESIDUE message format .......................................... 59

Table 15 - Ignore field definition .......................................................... 59

Table 16 - MODIFY DATA POINTER ...................................................... 61

Table 17 - Queue tag message format ..................................................... 61

Table 18 - SYNCHRONOUS DATA TRANSFER REQUEST ..................................... 63

Table 19 - WIDE DATA TRANSFER MESSAGE .............................................. 65

Table 20 - Operation code type .......................................................... 68

Table 21 - Typical command descriptor block for six-byte commands ............................... 69

Table 22 - Typical command descriptor block for ten-byte commands ............................... 69

Table 23 - Typical command descriptor block for twelve-byte commands ............................ 69

Table 24 - Operation code .............................................................. 71

Table 25 - Control field ................................................................ 72

Table 26 - Status byte ................................................................. 73

Table 27 - Status byte code ............................................................. 73

Table 28 - Commands in order received by target ............................................. 83

Table 29 - Commands in order of execution ................................................. 84

Table 30 - Modified by HEAD OF QUEUE TAG message ....................................... 84

Table 31 - Commands for all device types .................................................. 88

Table 32 - CHANGE DEFINITION command ................................................ 89

Table 33 - Definition parameter field ....................................................... 90

Table 34 - COMPARE command ......................................................... 91

Table 35 - COPY command ............................................................. 92

Table 36 - COPY parameter list .......................................................... 92

Table 37 - COPY function codes ......................................................... 93

Table 38 - Segment descriptor for COPY function codes 00h and 01h .............................. 95

Table 39 - Segment descriptor for COPY function code 02h ..................................... 96

Table 40 - Segment descriptor for COPY function code 03h ..................................... 96

Table 41 - Segment descriptor for COPY function code 04h ..................................... 98

Table 42 - Pad and cat bit definition ....................................................... 98

Table 43 - COPY AND VERIFY command .................................................. 99

Table 44 - INQUIRY command ......................................................... 100

Table 45 - Standard INQUIRY data format ................................................. 101

Table 46 - Peripheral qualifier .......................................................... 101

Table 47 - Peripheral device type ........................................................ 102

Table 48 - ANSI-approved version ....................................................... 103

Table 49 - LOG SELECT command ...................................................... 105

Table 50 - Page control field ........................................................... 106

xiv working draft Small Computer System Interface — 2

X3T9.2/375R revision 10L

Table 51 - LOG SENSE command ....................................................... 107

Table 52 - MODE SELECT(6) command .................................................. 108

Table 53 - MODE SELECT(10) command .................................................. 110

Table 54 - MODE SENSE(6) command ................................................... 111

Table 55 - Page control field ........................................................... 111

Table 56 - Mode page code usage for all devices ............................................ 111

Table 57 - MODE SENSE(10) command .................................................. 113

Table 58 - READ BUFFER command ..................................................... 114

Table 59 - READ BUFFER mode field .................................................... 114

Table 60 - READ BUFFER header ....................................................... 114

Table 61 - READ BUFFER descriptor ..................................................... 115

Table 62 - Buffer offset boundary ........................................................ 116

Table 63 - RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS command ...................................... 117

Table 64 - REQUEST SENSE command .................................................. 118

Table 65 - Error codes 70h and 71h sense data format ........................................ 119

Table 66 - Field pointer bytes .......................................................... 121

Table 67 - Actual retry count bytes ....................................................... 121

Table 68 - Format progress indication bytes ................................................ 122

Table 69 - Sense key (0h-7h) descriptions ................................................. 124

Table 70 - Sense key (8h-Fh) descriptions ................................................. 125

Table 71 - ASC and ASCQ assignments .................................................. 126

Table 72 - SEND DIAGNOSTIC command ................................................. 130

Table 73 - TEST UNIT READY command .................................................. 131

Table 74 - Preferred TEST UNIT READY responses .......................................... 131

Table 75 - WRITE BUFFER command .................................................... 132

Table 76 - WRITE BUFFER mode field ................................................... 133

Table 77 - Diagnostic page format ....................................................... 134

Table 78 - Diagnostic page codes ....................................................... 135

Table 79 - Supported diagnostic pages .................................................... 135

Table 80 - Log page format ............................................................ 136

Table 81 - Log parameter ............................................................. 136

Table 82 - Threshold met criteria ........................................................ 138

Table 83 - Log page codes ............................................................ 139

Table 84 - Parameter code field for buffer over-run/under-run counters ............................. 139

Table 85 - Count basis definition ........................................................ 140

Table 86 - Cause field definition ......................................................... 140

Table 87 - Parameter codes for error counter pages .......................................... 140

Table 88 - Non-medium error event parameter codes ......................................... 141

Table 89 - Supported log pages ......................................................... 142

Table 90 - Mode parameter list ......................................................... 142

Table 91 - Mode parameter header(6) .................................................... 142

Table 92 - Mode parameter header(10) ................................................... 143

Table 93 - Mode parameter block descriptor ................................................ 144

Table 94 - Mode page format .......................................................... 144

Table 95 - Mode page codes ........................................................... 145

Table 96 - Control mode page .......................................................... 145

Table 97 - Queue algorithm modifier ..................................................... 146

Table 98 - Disconnect-reconnect page .................................................... 148

Table 99 - Data transfer disconnect control ................................................. 149

Table 100 - Peripheral device page ...................................................... 150

Table 101 - Interface identifier codes ..................................................... 150

Table 102 - Vital product data page codes ................................................. 150

Table 103 - ASCII implemented operating definition .......................................... 151

Table 104 - ASCII information page ...................................................... 152

working draft Small Computer System Interface — 2 xv

X3T9.2/375R revision 10L

Table 105 - Implemented operating definition page ........................................... 152

Table 106 - Supported vital product data pages ............................................. 154

Table 107 - Unit serial number page ..................................................... 155

Table 108 - Commands for direct-access devices ............................................ 163

Table 109 - FORMAT UNIT command .................................................... 164

Table 110 - FORMAT UNIT parameter list ................................................. 165

Table 111 - Defect list header .......................................................... 165

Table 112 - FORMAT UNIT defect descriptor format and requirements ............................. 166

Table 113 - Defect descriptor - Block format ................................................ 169

Table 114 - Defect descriptor - Bytes from index format ....................................... 169

Table 115 - Defect descriptor - Physical sector format ......................................... 170

Table 116 - Initialization pattern descriptor ................................................. 170

Table 117 - Initialization pattern modifier ................................................... 170

Table 118 - Initialization pattern type ..................................................... 171

Table 119 - LOCK UNLOCK CACHE command ............................................. 172

Table 120 - PRE-FETCH command ...................................................... 173

Table 121 - PREVENT ALLOW MEDIUM REMOVAL command .................................. 174

Table 122 - READ(6) command ......................................................... 175

Table 123 - READ(10) command ........................................................ 176

Table 124 - READ CAPACITY command .................................................. 177

Table 125 - READ CAPACITY data ...................................................... 177

Table 126 - READ DEFECT DATA command ............................................... 178

Table 127 - READ DEFECT DATA defect list ............................................... 179

Table 128 - READ LONG command ...................................................... 180

Table 129 - REASSIGN BLOCKS command ................................................ 181

Table 130 - REASSIGN BLOCKS defect list ................................................ 181

Table 131 - RELEASE command ........................................................ 182

Table 132 - RESERVE command ....................................................... 184

Table 133 - Data format of extent descriptors ............................................... 185

Table 134 - Reservation types .......................................................... 185

Table 135 - REZERO UNIT command .................................................... 187

Table 136 - SEARCH DATA commands ................................................... 188

Table 137 - SEARCH DATA parameter list ................................................. 189

Table 138 - SEEK(6) command ......................................................... 191

Table 139 - SEEK(10) command ........................................................ 191

Table 140 - SET LIMITS command ...................................................... 192

Table 141 - START STOP UNIT command ................................................. 193

Table 142 - SYNCHRONIZE CACHE command ............................................. 194

Table 143 - VERIFY command ......................................................... 195

Table 144 - WRITE(6) command ........................................................ 196

Table 145 - WRITE(10) command ....................................................... 197

Table 146 - WRITE AND VERIFY command ................................................ 198

Table 147 - WRITE LONG command ..................................................... 199

Table 148 - WRITE SAME command ..................................................... 200

Table 149 - Diagnostic page codes ...................................................... 201

Table 150 - Translate address page - SEND DIAGNOSTIC ..................................... 201

Table 151 - Translate address page - RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC .................................. 202

Table 152 - Log page codes ........................................................... 203

Table 153 - Direct-access medium-type codes .............................................. 203

Table 154 - Device specific parameter .................................................... 204

Table 155 - Mode page codes .......................................................... 205

Table 156 - Caching page ............................................................. 205

Table 157 - Demand read and write retention priority ......................................... 206

Table 158 - Flexible disk page .......................................................... 208

xvi working draft Small Computer System Interface — 2

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