Microsoft Word (.doc)二进制文件格式规范

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"这是微软关于Word（.doc）二进制文件格式的官方技术文档，发布于2012年4月12日。文档详细阐述了该文件格式的规格，涵盖了知识产权声明，允许开发者用于实现相关技术和在实现中分发部分内容。" 微软的Word (.doc)二进制文件格式是一种广泛使用的文档存储格式，它包含了文字、样式、图像和其他多媒体元素。此文档主要面向开发者，提供了深入的技术细节，帮助他们理解和创建能够读取和写入.doc文件的软件。文档中的关键知识点包括： 1. 文件结构：Word文档由多个记录组成，每个记录都有特定的含义和功能，比如文件头记录、文本内容记录、段落和字符格式记录等。理解这些记录有助于解析和创建文件。 2. 数据编码：文件中的文本、样式和对象通常经过编码处理，如ASCII或Unicode编码。了解这些编码方式对于正确解析字符和特殊字符至关重要。 3. 格式化信息：Word文档存储了字体、字号、颜色、对齐方式等格式化信息。开发者需要理解如何解析和应用这些格式，以保持文档的原始外观。 4. 对象嵌入：除了文本，.doc文件还可以包含图像、图表、表格和其他嵌入对象。文档会解释如何处理这些对象，包括它们的位置、大小和数据格式。 5. 页眉和页脚：Word文档支持页眉和页脚，包含页码、日期和其他页级信息。开发者需要知道如何访问和修改这些内容。 6. 段落和字符格式：文档详细描述了段落和字符属性的存储方式，如行距、缩进、字符间距等。 7. 书签和超链接：.doc文件可以包含书签和超链接，这对于导航和交互性很重要。开发者需要学习如何处理这些链接。 8. 宏和VBA：高级的Word文档可能包含宏或Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)代码，这些代码可以改变文档的行为。开发者需要知道如何安全地处理宏，以防止潜在的安全问题。 9. 版本兼容性：由于Word的不同版本可能存在格式差异，文档可能还会涵盖不同版本之间的兼容性问题，以及如何确保新旧版本间的互操作性。 10. 知识产权声明：微软提供了开放规范文档，但保留了版权。开发者有权按照指定条款使用这些文档，包括复制、实施和在实现中分发部分内容。这份[MS-DOC]文档是开发与Word文件格式交互的应用程序时的重要参考资料，它提供了详细的规格说明和技术细节，帮助开发者准确地读取、创建和修改Word .doc文件。

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[MS-DOC] — v20120412

Word (.doc) Binary File Format

Release: Thursday, April 12, 2012

automark file: A file that stores the text, location, and index level of a set of characters that

were marked for inclusion in a document index.

AutoSummary: A process in which key points are identified in selected text by analyzing

document content. A score is assigned to each sentence; sentences that contain frequently

used words are given a higher score.

AutoText: A storage location for text and graphics, such as a standard contract clause, that can

be used multiple times in one or more documents. Each selection of text or graphics is

recorded as an AutoText entry and assigned a unique name.

bar tab: A tab that specifies where to draw a vertical line or bar in a paragraph. It neither affects

the position of characters nor creates a custom tab stop in a paragraph.

bidirectional compatibility: The ability to display and process text in two directions, right-to-

left and left-to-right.

cell margin: A measurement of the distance between the border of a cell and the nearest pixel

in a character or digit of data in the cell. There are top, bottom, right, and left margins. See

also cell spacing.

cell spacing: A measurement of the distance between the cells of a table or worksheet. Most

tables and worksheets are implemented with contiguous cells, in which case the cell spacing

value is 0 (zero). See also cell margin.

CGAPI: An API that is implemented by grammar checkers that have been licensed to Microsoft®

Corporation by external vendors.

chapter numbering: A page numbering format in which pages are numbered relative to the

beginning of a chapter within a document instead of the beginning of the document. The

chapter number is typically included in a page number; for example "3 – 2,” where "3" is the

chapter number and "2" is the number of that page within that chapter.

character unit: A horizontal unit of measurement that is relative to the document grid and is

used to position content in a document.

deletion point: A position between two existing characters, or a position before or after a

character, where text was removed. If a caret is positioned at a deletion point, the point can

retain unique formatting and that formatting can be reapplied to any text that is inserted at

the deletion point.

document grid: A feature that enables the precise layout of full-width East Asian language

characters by specifying the number of characters per line and the number of lines per page.

East Asian character: A character that is part of the Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese,

Japanese, or Korean character set (1).

East Asian language: A spoken or written communication that consists of words that are used

within the grammatical and syntactic structure of Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese,

Japanese, or Korean.

East Asian line breaking rules: A set of algorithms that define how text is parsed and

displayed to ensure that line breaks and word wraps follow the rules of various East Asian

languages, including Simplified Chinese, Traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean.

end of cell mark: A character with a hexadecimal value of "0x07" that is used to indicate the

end of a cell in a table.

Preliminary

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end of row mark: The combination of a character, hexadecimal value of "0x07", and a

paragraph property, sprmPFTtp, that is used to indicate the end of a row in a table.

endnote: A note that appears at the end of a section or document and that is referenced by text

in the main body of the document. An endnote consists of two linked parts, a reference mark

within the main body of text and the corresponding text of the note.

endnote continuation notice: A set of characters indicating that an endnote continues to the

next page. The default notice is blank.

endnote continuation separator: A set of characters that indicates the end of document text

on a page and the beginning of endnotes that continue from the preceding page.

endnote separator: A set of characters that separates document text from endnotes about that

text. The default separator is a horizontal line.

footnote continuation notice: A set of characters indicating that a footnote continues to the

next page. The default notice is blank.

footnote continuation separator: A set of characters that indicates the end of document text

on a page and the beginning of footnotes that continue from the preceding page.

footnote separator: A set of characters that separates document text from footnotes about that

text. The default separator is a horizontal line.

form field: A data-entry area on a Web page, document, or form.

format consistency checker: An application that applies a wavy blue underline to text where

the formatting is similar, but not identical, to comparable text in a document.

format consistency-checker bookmark: An entity in a document that is used to denote text

where the formatting is similar, but not identical, to comparable text in the document, and the

user indicated that the formatting inconsistency is not to be flagged.

frame: (1) A space, displayed onscreen as a box, that contains a specific element of a

publication.

(2) A rectangular section of a Web page that is a separate HTML document from the rest of

the page. Web pages can have multiple frames, each of which is a separate document.

full save: A process in which an existing file is overwritten with all of the additions, changes, and

other content in a document.

full screen view: A document view that expands the display of a document to fill the computer

screen. The view hides menus, toolbars, and taskbars.

grammar checker: An application that uses default or user-defined settings to search for

grammatical errors in a document.

grammar checker cookie: An entity in a document that a grammar checker uses to denote a

possible grammatical error in the document and data about that error.

gutter margin: A margin setting that adds extra space to the side or top margin of a document

that will be printed and bound. A gutter margin ensures that text is not obscured by the

binding.

heading style: A type of paragraph style that also specifies a heading level. There are as many

as nine built-in heading styles, Heading 1 through Heading 9.

Preliminary

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Word (.doc) Binary File Format

Release: Thursday, April 12, 2012

horizontal band: A set of rows in a table that are treated as a single unit, typically to ensure

the consistency of the layout and the format.

HTML image map: An image that contains more than one hyperlink on a Web page. Clicking

various parts of the image links the user to other resources on another part of the page, a

different page, or a file.

hybrid list: A nine-level list that is exposed in the user interface as a collection of nine, one-level

lists, instead of a single nine-level list.

Hyperlink view: A document view that displays a document as it would appear as a Web page.

incremental save: A process in which an existing file is modified to reflect only additions or

changes to a document, while maintaining all other existing content in the file.

insertion point: A position between two existing characters, or a position before or after a

character, where text can be inserted. If a caret is positioned at an insertion point, the point

can have unique formatting, which is applied to any text that is inserted at the insertion point.

kinsoku: A rule set in the Japanese language that is used to determine characters that are not

permitted at the beginning or end of a line.

Kumimoji: A text layout setting that displays annotative characters inline next to the text to

which they apply. It is typically used with East Asian text to indicate pronunciation.

labels document: A document that stores label design and printing information in conjunction

with a mail merge document.

language auto-detection: A process that automatically determines the language code identifier

(LCID) for text in a document.

line numbers: A formatting property in which each line of text is prefixed with a sequential

number as part of a larger collection of lines on a page.

line unit: A vertical unit of measurement that is relative to the document grid and is used to

position content in a document.

list level: A condition of a paragraph that specifies which numbering system and indentation to

use, relative to other paragraphs in a bulleted or numbered list.

list tab: A tab stop that is between a list number or bullet and the text of that list item.

mail merge data source: A file or address book that contains the information to be merged into

a document during a mail merge operation.

mail merge header document: A file that contains the names of the fields (3) in a mail merge

data source.

mail merge main document: A document that contains the text and graphics that are the

same for each version of the merged document, such as the return address or salutation in a

form letter.

master document: A document that refers to or contains one or more other documents, which

are referred to as subdocuments. A master document can be used to configure and manage a

multipart document, such as a book with multiple chapters.

message identifier: A string that uniquely identifies an e-mail message.

Preliminary

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Word (.doc) Binary File Format

Release: Thursday, April 12, 2012

NLCheck: An API that is implemented by grammar checkers that were developed by Microsoft®

Corporation.

Normal template: The default global template that is used for any type of document. Users can

modify this template to change default document formatting, or content for any new

document.

number text: A string that is calculated automatically and represents the numbering scheme

and position of a paragraph in a bulleted or numbered list.

OLE control: A reusable software component that is designed to work in containers that support

Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) 2.0.

page border: A line that can be applied to the outer edge of a page in a document. A page

border can be formatted for style, color, and thickness.

paragraph mark: An entity in a document that is used to denote the end of a paragraph and

has a Unicode character code of 13.

paragraph style: A combination of character- and paragraph-formatting characteristics that are

named and stored as a set. Users can select a paragraph and use a paragraph style to apply

all of the formatting characteristics to the paragraph simultaneously.

personal style: A list of formatting settings that is applied to a document or an Internet

message when it is opened or created by a specific user on a specific computer. The settings

are associated with a user and a computer.

physical left: A leftward position that is not relative to the language orientation of document

content. See also logical left.

physical right: A rightward position that is not relative to the language orientation of document

content. See also logical right.

policy labels: A set of fields that stores metadata about a document and is defined by an

information management policy.

Print Preview view: A document view that displays a document as it will appear on a printed

page.

property revision mark: A type of revision mark indicating that one or more formatting

properties, such as bold, indentation, or spacing, changed.

range-level protection: A mechanism that permits users to change only specific parts of a

protected document while restricting access to all other parts of the document. See also

range-level protection bookmark.

range-level protection bookmark: An entity in a document that is used to denote a range of

content that is an exception to a document-level protection setting.

repair bookmark: An entity in a document that is used to denote text that was changed

automatically during a document repair operation.

Ruby: A text layout setting that displays annotative characters above or to the right of the text

to which it applies. It is typically used in East Asian documents to indicate pronunciation or to

provide a brief annotation.

ScreenTip: A small pop-up window that provides brief context-sensitive help when users point to

an item.

Preliminary

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Word (.doc) Binary File Format

Release: Thursday, April 12, 2012

section break: A special character that terminates a section and acts as a repository for the

properties of the specified section.

shading pattern: A background color pattern against which characters and graphics are

displayed, typically in tables. The color can be no color or it can be a specific color with a

transparency or pattern value.

smart tag bookmark: An entity in a document that is used to denote the location and presence

of a smart tag.

South Asian language: A spoken or written communication consisting of words that are used

within the grammatical and syntactic structure of a language of southern Asia, such as Hindi,

Urdu, or Tamil.

structured document tag: An entity in a document that is used to denote content that is stored

as XML data.

structured document tag bookmark: An entity in a document that is used to denote the

location and presence of a structured document tag.

subdocument: A document that can be referred to or inserted into another document.

Subdocuments can be referenced by master documents and other subdocuments.

table depth: An indicator that specifies how tables are nested and how to display paragraphs

within those tables. The depth is derived from values that are applied to paragraph marks, cell

marks, or table-terminating paragraph marks. A paragraph that is not in a table has a table

depth of "0" (zero); a nested table has a table depth of one greater than the cell that contains

it.

table style: A set of formatting options, such as font, border formatting, and row banding, that

are applied to a table. The regions of a table, such as the header row, header column, and

data area, can be variously formatted.

Tatenakayoko: A text layout setting that displays a range of text perpendicular (horizontal) to

the flow of other text (vertical).

TrueType font: A type of computer font that can be scaled to any size. TrueType fonts are clear

and readable in all sizes and can be sent to any printer or other output device.

vertical band: A set of columns in a table that are treated as a single unit, typically for the

purpose of layout and formatting consistency.

virtual key code: A symbolic constant name, hexadecimal value, or mouse or keyboard

equivalent that provides a hardware- and language-independent method of identifying

keyboard keys. Each virtual key code represents a unique keyboard key and also identifies the

purpose of that key. The keyboard driver provides one or more keyboard layouts that maps

keyboard scan codes to the appropriate virtual key codes.

Warichu: A text layout setting that creates two sublines within a line and stacks text equally

between those sublines. One subline contains the text proper and the other subline contains

comments, notes, and annotations about that text.

Web Layout view: A view of a document as it might appear in a Web browser. For example, the

document appears as only one page, without page breaks.

word wrap: The process of breaking lines of text automatically to stay within the page margins

of a document or window boundaries.

Preliminary

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