Python测试实战指南

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"Python Testing Cookbook" 是一本面向初学者的Python测试入门指南,由Daniel Arbuckle撰写,由Birmingham和Mumbai的Packt Publishing出版。本书旨在提供一种简单且方便的方法来测试你的Python项目。 在Python编程中,测试是确保代码质量、可靠性和可维护性的重要环节。Python Testing Cookbook涵盖了以下关键知识点: 1. **测试基础**:介绍测试的基本概念,如为什么进行测试,以及单元测试、集成测试和系统测试的区别。书中可能会讲解如何编写测试用例,以及测试驱动开发(TDD)的原则。 2. **unittest模块**:作为Python内置的测试框架,unittest提供了编写和运行测试的基本结构。读者将学习如何创建测试套件,编写断言,以及使用setUp和tearDown方法来设置和清理测试环境。 3. **pytest框架**:pytest是Python社区广泛使用的第三方测试工具,以其易用性和扩展性著称。书中可能包含如何快速开始使用pytest,以及它的高级特性,如参数化测试、 fixtures 和自定义断言。 4. **模拟(Mocking)**:模拟技术允许你在测试中替换真实对象,以便隔离被测试代码。书里会介绍mock库的使用,包括如何模拟函数、类和模块,以及如何验证模拟对象的行为。 5. **持续集成(Continuous Integration,CI)**:理解如何设置CI服务器,如Jenkins或Travis CI,自动化测试过程,以确保每次代码提交后都能运行测试。 6. **测试覆盖率**:学习如何使用coverage.py等工具测量代码的测试覆盖率,以评估哪些部分的代码未被测试到。 7. **异常测试**:编写测试来检查程序是否正确处理预期和非预期的错误情况,包括try/except语句的使用。 8. **Web应用测试**:对于基于Python的Web应用程序,如Django或Flask,会讲解如何测试视图、模板和模型。可能还会涉及模拟HTTP请求和响应。 9. **数据库测试**:介绍如何在测试中与数据库交互,以及如何有效地清理测试数据。 10. **异步代码测试**:针对Python的asyncio库,解释如何测试异步函数和协程。 11. **测试最佳实践**:分享编写可读性好、可维护的测试代码的技巧,以及如何组织测试代码以提高效率。 12. **测试文档**:如何编写测试计划,以及如何通过文档让团队成员了解测试策略和流程。 通过阅读这本书,读者可以掌握Python测试的核心技能,从而提升代码质量,减少bug,并且能够更自信地进行软件交付。尽管书中的例子可能为英文,但对于理解测试概念和应用来说,语言障碍不应成为问题。
2011-08-30 上传
Python Testing Cookbook Paperback: 364 pages Publisher: Packt Publishing (May 17, 2011) Language: English ISBN-10: 1849514666 ISBN-13: 978-1849514668 Over 70 simple but incredibly effective recipes for taking control of automated testing using powerful Python testing tools Learn to write tests at every level using a variety of Python testing tools The first book to include detailed screenshots and recipes for using Jenkins continuous integration server (formerly known as Hudson) Explore innovative ways to introduce automated testing to legacy systems Written by Greg L. Turnquist – senior software engineer and author of Spring Python 1.1 Part of Packt’s Cookbook series: Each recipe is a carefully organized sequence of instructions to complete the task as efficiently as possible In Detail Are you looking at new ways to write better, more efficient tests? Are you struggling to add automated testing to your existing system? The Python unit testing framework, originally referred to as “PyUnit” and now known as unittest, is a framework that makes it easier for you to write automated test suites efficiently in Python. This book will show you exactly how to squeeze every ounce of value out of automated testing. The Python Testing Cookbook will empower you to write tests using lots of Python test tools, code samples, screenshots, and detailed explanations. By learning how and when to write tests at every level, you can vastly improve the quality of your code and your personal skill set. Packed with lots of test examples, this will become your go-to book for writing good tests. This practical cookbook covers lots of test styles including unit-level, test discovery, doctest, BDD, acceptance, smoke, and load testing. It will guide you to use popular Python tools effectively and discover how to write custom extensions. You will learn how to use popular continuous integration systems like Jenkins (formerly known as Hudson) and TeamCity to automatically test your code upon check in. This book explores Python’s built-in ability to run code found embedded in doc strings and also plugging in to popular web testing tools like Selenium. By the end of this book, you will be proficient in many test tactics and be ready to apply them to new applications as well as legacy ones. A practical guide, this cookbook will ensure you fully utilize Python testing tools to write tests efficiently. What you will learn from this book : Get started with the basics of writing automated unit tests and asserting results Use Nose to discover tests and build suites automatically Write Nose plugins that control what tests are discovered and how to produce test reports Add testable documentation to your code Filter out test noise, customize test reports, and tweak doctest’s to meet your needs Write testable stories using lots of tools including doctest, mocks, Lettuce, and Should DSL Get started with the basics of customer-oriented acceptance testing Test the web security of your application Configure Jenkins and TeamCity to run your test suite upon check-in Capture test coverage reports in lots of formats, and integrate with Jenkins and Nose Take the pulse of your system with a quick smoke test and overload your system to find its breaking points Add automated testing to an existing legacy system that isn’t test oriented Approach This cookbook is written as a collection of code recipes containing step-by-step directions on how to install or build different types of Python test tools to solve different problems. Each recipe contains explanations of how it works along with answers to common questions and cross references to other relevant recipes. The easy-to-understand recipe names make this a handy test reference book. Who this book is written for Python developers and programmers with a basic understanding of Python and Python testing will find this cookbook beneficial. It will build on that basic knowledge equipping you with the intermediate and advanced skills required to fully utilize the Python testing tools. Broken up into lots of small code recipes, you can read this book at your own pace, whatever your experience. No prior experience of automated testing is required.