2015开源年鉴：共创、采用与分享开源解决方案的力量

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"2015年开源年鉴是来自Opensource.com的一份重要资源，该网站专注于分享关于开源解决方案的创作、采纳和传播的故事。这份年鉴反映了开源方式如何在各个领域如技术、教育、商业、政府、健康、法律、娱乐以及人道主义工作中发挥着积极影响。通过访问Opensource.com，读者可以深入了解开源精神如何推动创新，提升社会效率。年鉴不仅包含了丰富的案例研究和见解，还鼓励读者提交故事创意，参与社区互动。网站提供了多种联系方式，包括故事提交链接（https://opensource.com/story）、电子邮件联系地址（open@opensource.com）、Freenode IRC聊天频道 (#opensource.com)、社交媒体平台（Twitter @opensourceway、Google+、Facebook、Instagram），以便于用户与社区保持连接。 2015年的OpenSourceYearbook遵循Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-SA 4.0)许可协议，这意味着内容可以自由分享和修改，只要在使用时给出适当的引用。对网站的贡献是多方面的，其中包括七大理由： 1. 职业发展：许多人在Opensource.com上发表的文章帮助他们获得了工作机会，例如：“如果没有我在该网站上的文章，我可能无法得到我最近那份工作。” 2. 提高公众意识：平台的可见性和宣传作用使得开源理念得到了广泛传播，促进了技术和社会的进步。 3. 建立专业声誉：通过在这样一个权威平台上分享知识，个人和组织能够提升自己的专业形象。 4. 社区合作：开源模式强调协作，参与者可以从中学习团队合作技能，建立全球网络。 5. 持续学习与成长：平台提供了丰富的学习资源，有助于个人和技术的持续发展。 6. 解决实际问题：开源项目经常解决实际生活中的问题，促进创新和实用性。 7. 影响力扩大：参与到Opensource.com的活动和写作中，个人的影响力可以超越个人能力的界限，影响整个行业的进步。 OpenSourceYearbook 2015是一个展示开源文化、实践及其成果的重要窗口，它为专业人士和个人提供了一个参与、学习和推广开源精神的平台。"

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2. Alternative dialog Find & Replace for Writer

(AltSearch)

The AltSearch extension [4] adds many new features to

Writer’s nd & replace function: searched or replaced text

can contain one or more paragraphs; multiple search and

replacement in one step; searching: Bookmarks, Notes,

Text elds, Cross-references and Reference marks to their

content, name or mark and their inserting; searching and

inserting Footnote and Endnote; searching object of Table,

Pictures and Text frames according to their name; searching

out manual page and column break and their set up or deac-

tivation; and searching similarly formatted text, according to

cursor point. It is also possible to save and load search and

replacement parameters, and execute the batch on several

opened documents at the same time.

3. Pepito Cleaner

Pepito Cleaner [5] is an extension of LibreOfce created to

quickly resolve the most common formatting mistakes of old

scans, PDF imports, and every digital text le. By clicking

the Pepito Cleaner icon on the LibreOfce toolbar, users will

open a window that will analyze the document and show the

results broken down by category. This is extremely useful

LibreOfce

is the best free ofce suite

around, and as such has been

adopted by all major Linux distributions. Although LibreOfce

is already packed with features, it can be extended by using

specic add-ons, called extensions.

The main LibreOfce extensions website is extensions.li-

breofce.org [1]. Extensions are tools that can be added or

removed independently from the main installation, and may

add new functionality or make existing functionality easier

to use.

1. MultiFormatSave

MultiFormatSave [2] lets users save a document in the

OpenDocument, Microsoft Ofce (old and new), and/or

PDF formats simultaneously, according to user settings.

This extension is extremely useful during the migration

from Microsoft Ofce document formats to the Open Doc-

ument Format standard [3], because it offers the option to

save in both avors: ODF for interoperability, and Micro-

soft Ofce for compatibility with all users sticking to lega-

cy formats. This makes the migration process softer, and

easier to administer.

6 useful

LibreOfce

extensions

ITALO VIGNOLI

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6. Anaphraseus

Anaphraseus [10] is a CAT (Comput-

er-Aided Translation) tool for creating,

managing, and using bilingual Trans-

lation Memories. Anaphraseus is a

LibreOfce macro set available as an

extension or a standalone document. Orig-

inally, Anaphraseus was developed to work with

the Wordfast format, but it can also export and

import les in TMX format. Anaphraseus main

features are: text segmentation, fuzzy search

in Translation Memory, terminology recognition,

and TMX Export/Import (OmegaT translation

memory format).

Links

[1] LibreOfce extensions: http://extensions.libreofce.org/

[2] MultiFormatSave: http://extensions.libreofce.org/exten-

sion-center/multisave-1

[3] Open Document Format:

http://www.opendocumentformat.org/

[4] Alternative dialog Find & Replace for Writer (AltSearch):

http://extensions.libreofce.org/extension-center/alterna-

tive-dialog-nd-replace-for-writer

[5] Pepito Cleaner:

http://pepitoweb.altervista.org/pepito_cleaner/index.php

[6] ImpressRunner: http://extensions.libreofce.org/exten-

sion-center/impressrunner

[7] Impress: https://www.libreofce.org/discover/impress/

[8] Export as Images: http://extensions.libreofce.org/exten-

sion-center/export-as-images

[9] Draw: https://www.libreofce.org/discover/draw/

[10] Anaphraseus: http://anaphraseus.sourceforge.net/

Author

Italo Vignoli is a founding member of The Document Foun-

dation. He handles the organization’s PR and media rela-

tions, coordinates its certication program, and is an interna-

tional spokesman for the project. Italo has supervised some

of the largest LibreOfce migration projects in Italy, and is a

LibreOfce trainer.

when converting PDF documents to ODF, as it cleans all the

cruft left in place by the automatic process.

4. ImpressRunner

ImpressRunner [6] is a simple extension that transforms an

Impress [7] presentation into an auto-running le. The exten-

sion adds two icons, to set and remove the autostart func-

tion, which can also be added manually by editing the File |

Properties | Custom Properties menu, and adding the term

autostart in one of the rst four text elds. This extension

is especially useful for booths at conferences and events,

where the slides are supposed to run unattended.

5. Export as Images

The Export as Images extension [8] adds a File menu entry

export as Images... in Impress and Draw [9], to export all

slides or pages as images in JPG, PNG, GIF, BMP, and TIFF

format, and allows users to choose a le name for exported

images, the image size, and other parameters.

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So, we’ve seen the entire

history of the Django project

and community, and we’ve

seen popular packages

come and go. Between the

three of us, we’ve probably

tried at least half of these

8,000 apps personally, or we know someone who has. We

have a strong understanding of what makes an app solid and

reliable, and we have a good understanding of what gives

these things staying power.

Best way to start a new Django site: Cookiecutter

Starting off a new project or app is always a bit of a pain. You

can use Django’s built in

`startproject` but if you’re like us,

you’re particular in how you do things. Cookiecutter solves

this by giving you a quick and easy way to dene project or

app templates that can be easily reused. A quick example,

just

`pip install cookiecutter` and then run this from the

command line:

$ cookiecutter https://github.com/marcofucci/

cookiecutter-simple-django

You’ll immediately start getting prompted for quick answers,

such as the name of your project, repo, author name, email,

and a few other bits of conguration. These are used to help

ll out the project details. We picked the ever so original ’foo’

to be our repo name. So cookiecutter created a simple Djan-

go project in the subdirectory ’foo’.

If you poke around in the ’foo’ project a bit, you’ll see

the other bits of conguration you were prompted for have

been templated into the les themselves along with sub-di-

rectories as necessary. This “template” is all dened at the

GitHub repo URL we used as the only argument when we

called `cookiecutter`. This example used a remote GitHub

repo as the template; however, note that you can use local

Django

[1] is built

around the

concept of reusable apps [2]:

self-contained packages that

provide re-usable features.

You can build your site by

composing these reusable

apps, together with your own site-specic code. There’s a

rich and varied ecosystem of reusable apps available for

your use—PyPI lists more than 8,000 Django apps [3]—but

how do you know which ones are best?

To help focus your app search, we’ve put together this list

of our ve favorites. They are:

• Cookiecutter: the best way to start a new Django site. [4]

• Whitenoise: the best static asset server. [5]

• Django Rest Framework: the best way to write REST

APIs with Django. [6]

• Wagtail: the best Django-based content-management

system. [7]

• django-allauth: the best way to provide “social login”

(e.g., Twitter, Facebook, GitHub, etc). [8]

We also recommend you check out Django Packages [9],

a directory of reusable Django apps. Django Packages

organizes Django apps into “grids” that allow you to com-

pare similar packages and chose between them. You can

see which features are offered by each package, as well

as usage statistics. (For example, the grid for REST tools

[10] might help you understand why we recommend Django

REST Framework.)

Why should you trust us?

We’ve been using Django for longer than almost anyone.

Two of us (Frank and Jacob) worked at the Lawrence Jour-

nal-World [11] (birthplace of Django) before Django was re-

leased (and in fact helped make the open source release

happen). We’ve all spent the past eight years running a con-

sultancy that advises companies on how best to use Django.

5 favorite open source

Django packages

JEFF TRIPLETT, JACOB KAPLAN-MOSS, AND FRANK WILES

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