Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 35 (2018) 1353–1361
DOI:10.3233/JIFS-169678
IOS Press
1353
FPGA-based research of monitoring
MPDCPD-CSMA protocol in cognitive
wireless networks
Zhi Xu
a
, Hongwei Ding
a,∗
, Qianlin Liu
b
, Zhijun Yang
a
, Liyong Bao
a
and Gang Zhan
a
a
School of Information, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
b
Yunnan Military Command Region, Kunming,Yunnan, China
Abstract. In order to solve the contradiction between wireless network application requirements and increasingly scarce
spectrum resources, cognitive wireless network technology emerged. Based on the characteristics of wireless network
nodes and combining multiple hybrid control strategies, this paper proposes a multi-priority dual-clock probability detection
CSMA(MPDCPD-CSMA) protocol with a monitoring mechanism. The field-programmable gate array (FPGA) hardware
circuit is used as an experimental research platform for the first time. Cognitive wireless network MAC protocol design and
implementation. The design took full advantage of the flexibility of the FPGA, using a hardware description language Verilog
HDL and schematic input combined with the QuartusII9.0 circuit design. By comparing the statistical values of the circuit
system with the theoretical values, it is verified that the design has the characteristics of good real-time performance, high
reliability, and strong portability. It can effectively reduce system node energy consumption, improve system throughput, and
can be applied to wireless networks.
Keywords: cognitive wireless network, hybrid control strategy, field programmable gate array, schematic input, throughput
1. Introduction
The core of Cognitive Wireless Networks [1]
is to allocate management and use split spectrum
resources so as to perform dynamic deployment.
These fragmented spectrum resources form multi-
ple channels. Therefore, MAC protocols in cognitive
wireless networks are mainly based on Multi-channel
MAC protocol. The main work accomplished by
these protocols is to obtain network information,
allocate corresponding channels for different com-
munication nodes, and eliminate conflicts between
data packets so that as many nodes as possible can
share network resources and communicate at the
same time.
∗
Corresponding author. Hongwei Ding, School of Information,
Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China. E-mail: 7758629
01@qq.com.
The development of the MAC protocol in the wire-
less network environment originated in the early
1970s. The Aloha protocol was first implemented
and put into use by the University of Hawaii in the
United States. Then the CSMA protocol emerged.
This scheme can avoid sending nodes to a large
extent. The conflict between each other improves
channel transmission efficiency and reduces node
energy consumption. The basic CSMA protocol can
reach a higher throughput but its utilization of the
channel is still insufficient, and the room for improve-
ment remains. Therefore, scholars have studied this
issue. The paper [2, 3] has made multi-channel
improvements in basic probabilistic detection and
P persistence. It divides the system channels into
high and low priority classes, allocates channel
resources according to load conditions, and effec-
tively improves system throughput. Next, in [4], a
dual-clock multi-channel P-adaptive CSMA protocol
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