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首页10Gb/s EPON技术规范:802.3av-2009标准详解
"802.3av-2009是IEEE发布的一个标准,它扩展了以太网无源光网络(EPON)的操作,实现了10 Gbps的下行和上行对称数据速率(10 Gbps下行,10 Gbps上行)以及非对称数据速率(10 Gbps下行,1 Gbps上行)。此标准保持与已部署的1 Gbps EPON的完全向后兼容性。它包括10 Gbps EPON调和子层、10GBASE-PR对称和10/1GBASE-PRX物理编码子层(PCSs)及物理媒体附件(PMAs)以及支持对称和非对称数据速率的物理介质依赖子层(PMDs)。该标准于2009年10月30日发布,其编号为802.3av-2009,可在IEEE官网购买,格式为PDF。"
在深入探讨802.3av-2009标准之前,我们先理解一下EPON(以太网无源光网络)的基本概念。EPON是一种基于以太网协议的光纤接入技术,使用无源光分路器将光信号分发到多个用户端,降低了维护成本。802.3av标准是针对EPON技术的升级,旨在提高网络带宽,满足日益增长的数据传输需求。
802.3av-2009标准引入了新的10 Gbps EPON技术,该技术提供对称和非对称的数据传输速率。对称速率允许上传和下载数据的速度相同,这对于需要大量双向通信的应用(如云计算、高清视频会议等)尤其重要。非对称速率则更适合大多数家庭和小型企业场景,其中下行速度通常比上行速度高,比如在线流媒体服务。
该标准定义了几个关键组件来实现10 Gbps的速率:
1. **10 Gbps EPON调和子层**:负责在10 Gbps速率下管理和协调数据传输,确保与现有1 Gbps EPON系统的兼容性。
2. **10GBASE-PR对称物理编码子层(PCSs)**:处理10 Gbps速率下的编码和解码,以确保数据的准确传输。
3. **10/1GBASE-PRX物理编码子层**:支持10 Gbps下行和1 Gbps上行的不同速率,适应不同应用场景的需求。
4. **物理媒体附件(PMAs)**:管理光信号与电信号之间的转换,确保信号在光纤中的有效传输。
5. **物理介质依赖子层(PMDs)**:定义了支持对称和非对称速率的物理介质特性,如光模块和光纤类型。
802.3av-2009的实施对于提升宽带接入服务提供商的网络性能至关重要,它能够提供更高速率的互联网连接,增强用户体验,同时减少网络拥塞,提高服务质量。此外,由于保持了与现有1 Gbps EPON设备的兼容性,运营商可以平滑升级其网络,而无需大规模替换现有基础设施。
802.3av-2009是推进EPON技术发展的重要里程碑,它不仅提供了更高的带宽,还确保了网络的扩展性和向后兼容性,对于满足未来宽带需求具有重要意义。随着技术的进步,类似802.3av这样的标准将持续推动以太网无源光网络向着更快、更可靠的方向发展。
xiv Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.
75.7.1 Insertion loss .......................................................................................................................... 64
75.7.2 Allocation for penalties in 10G–EPON PMDs ...................................................................... 64
75.7.3 Test patterns........................................................................................................................... 64
75.7.4 Wavelength and spectral width measurement ....................................................................... 65
75.7.5 Optical power measurements................................................................................................. 65
75.7.6 Extinction ratio measurements............................................................................................... 65
75.7.7 Optical modulation amplitude (OMA) test procedure ........................................................... 66
75.7.8 Relative intensity noise optical modulation amplitude (RINxOMA) measuring procedure . 66
75.7.9 Transmit optical waveform (transmit eye)............................................................................. 66
75.7.10 Transmitter and dispersion penalty (TDP)............................................................................. 67
75.7.11 Receive sensitivity ................................................................................................................. 67
75.7.12 Stressed receiver conformance test........................................................................................ 67
75.7.13 Jitter measurements................................................................................................................ 68
75.7.14 Laser on/off timing measurement..........................................................................................68
75.7.15 Receiver settling timing measurement................................................................................... 68
75.7.15.1 Definitions ....................................................................................................................... 68
75.7.15.2 Test specification ............................................................................................................. 69
75.8 Environmental, safety, and labeling ............................................................................................ 70
75.8.1 General safety ........................................................................................................................ 70
75.8.2 Laser safety ............................................................................................................................ 70
75.8.3 Installation ............................................................................................................................. 70
75.8.4 Environment........................................................................................................................... 70
75.8.5 PMD labeling......................................................................................................................... 70
75.9 Characteristics of the fiber optic cabling ..................................................................................... 71
75.9.1 Fiber optic cabling model ...................................................................................................... 71
75.9.2 Optical fiber and cable........................................................................................................... 71
75.9.3 Optical fiber connection......................................................................................................... 72
75.9.4 Medium Dependent Interface (MDI)..................................................................................... 72
75.10 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma for Clause 75, Physical
Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer and medium for passive optical networks, type
10GBASE–PR and 10/1GBASE–PRX........................................................................................ 73
75.10.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 73
75.10.2 Identification.......................................................................................................................... 73
75.10.2.1 Implementation identification..........................................................................................73
75.10.2.2 Protocol summary ............................................................................................................ 73
75.10.3 Major capabilities/options..............................................................................................
........ 74
75
.10.4 PICS p
roforma tables for Physical Medium Dependent (PMD) sublayer and medium
for passive optical networks, type 10GBASE–PR and 10/1GBASE–PRX........................... 75
75.10.4.1 PMD functional specifications......................................................................................... 75
75.10.4.2 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10GBASE–PR–D1 ........................................... 75
75.10.4.3 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10GBASE–PR–D2 ........................................... 76
75.10.4.4 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10GBASE–PR–D3 ........................................... 76
75.10.4.5 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10/1GBASE–PRX–D1 ..................................... 76
75.10.4.6 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10/1GBASE–PRX–D2 ..................................... 77
75.10.4.7 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10/1GBASE–PRX–D3 ..................................... 77
75.10.4.8 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10GBASE–PR–U1 ........................................... 78
75.10.4.9 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10GBASE–PR–U3 ........................................... 78
75.10.4.10 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10/1GBASE–PRX–U1 ..................................... 79
75.10.4.11 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10/1GBASE–PRX–U2 ..................................... 79
75.10.4.12 PMD to MDI optical specifications for 10/1GBASE–PRX–U3 ..................................... 80
75.10.4.13 Definitions of optical parameters and measurement methods ......................................... 80
75.10.4.14 Characteristics of the fiber optic cabling and MDI.......................................................... 81
75.10.4.15 Environmental specifications........................................................................................... 81
Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. xv
Annex 75A (informative) Dual-rate receiver implementation.......................................................................83
75A.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 83
Annex 75B (informative) Illustrative channels and penalties for PR10, PR20, PR30, PRX10, PRX20,
and PRX30 power budget classes............................................................................................... 87
75B.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 87
75B.2 Wavelength allocation ................................................................................................................. 87
75B.2.1 Downstream wavelength allocation....................................................................................... 87
75B.2.2 Upstream wavelength allocation............................................................................................ 89
Annex 75C (informative) Jitter at TP1–TP8 for PR10, PR20, PR30, PRX10, PRX20, PRX30................... 91
75C.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 91
76. Reconciliation Sublayer, Physical Coding Sublayer, and Physical Media Attachment for
10G-EPON............................................................................................................................................... 95
76.1 Overview...................................................................................................................................... 95
76.1.1 Conventions ........................................................................................................................... 95
76.1.2 Delay constraints.................................................................................................................... 95
76.2 Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) for 10G-EPON ............................................................................. 95
76.2.1 Overview................................................................................................................................ 95
76.2.2 Dual-speed Media Independent Interface .............................................................................. 98
76.2.2.1 10/10G-EPON.................................................................................................................. 98
76.2.2.2 10/1G-EPON.................................................................................................................... 98
76.2.2.3 Dual-rate mode ................................................................................................................ 98
76.2.2.4 Mapping of XGMII and GMII primitives........................................................................ 99
76.2.3 Summary of major concepts ................................................................................................ 100
76.2.3.1 Application..................................................................................................................... 100
76.2.4 GMII structure ..................................................................................................................... 100
76.2.5 XGMII structure .................................................................................................................. 100
76.2.6 Mapping of XGMII and GMII signals to PLS service primitives ....................................... 101
76.2.6.1 Functional specifications for multiple MACs................................................................ 101
76.2.6.1.1 Variables .................................................................................................................. 101
76.2.6.1.2 RS Transmit function............................................................................................... 101
76.2.6.1.3 RS Receive function ................................................................................................ 102
76.3 Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS) for 10G-EPON...................................................................... 103
76.3.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................. 103
76.3.1.1 10/1GBASE-PRX PCS .................................................................................................. 103
76.3.1.2 10GBASE-PR PCS........................................................................................................ 104
76.3.2 PCS transmit function.......................................................................................................... 104
76.3.2.1 Idle control character deletion ....................................................................................... 105
76.3.2.1.1 Constants.................................................................................................................. 105
76.3.2.1.2 Variables .................................................................................................................. 106
76.3.2.1.3 Functions.................................................................................................................. 107
76.3.2.1.4 Counters ................................................................................................................... 107
76.3.2.1.5 State diagrams.......................................................................................................... 107
76.3.2.2 64B/66B Encode .........................................................................................................
... 109
76.3.2.3
Scrambler ...........
............................................................................................................ 110
76.3.2.4 FEC encoding ................................................................................................................ 110
76.3.2.4.1 FEC Algorithm [RS(255, 223)] ............................................................................... 110
xvi Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.
76.3.2.4.2 Parity calculation ..................................................................................................... 112
76.3.2.4.3 FEC Transmission Block Formatting ...................................................................... 114
76.3.2.5 Data Detector ................................................................................................................. 114
76.3.2.5.1 Burst Mode operation (ONU only).......................................................................... 114
76.3.2.5.2 Constants.................................................................................................................. 116
76.3.2.5.3 Variables .................................................................................................................. 117
76.3.2.5.4 Functions.................................................................................................................. 117
76.3.2.5.5 Messages.................................................................................................................. 118
76.3.2.5.6 Counters ................................................................................................................... 118
76.3.2.5.7 State diagrams.......................................................................................................... 119
76.3.2.6 Gearbox.......................................................................................................................... 119
76.3.3 PCS receive Function........................................................................................................... 122
76.3.3.1 OLT synchronizer .......................................................................................................... 122
76.3.3.1.1 Variables .................................................................................................................. 122
76.3.3.1.2 Counters ................................................................................................................... 123
76.3.3.1.3 Functions.................................................................................................................. 123
76.3.3.1.4 State diagram ........................................................................................................... 125
76.3.3.2 ONU Synchronizer ........................................................................................................125
76.3.3.2.1 Constants.................................................................................................................. 127
76.3.3.2.2 Variables .................................................................................................................. 127
76.3.3.2.3 Counters ................................................................................................................... 128
76.3.3.2.4 Functions.................................................................................................................. 128
76.3.3.2.5 State diagram ........................................................................................................... 128
76.3.3.3 FEC decoding process ................................................................................................... 128
76.3.3.3.1 Variables .................................................................................................................. 130
76.3.3.3.2 Counters ................................................................................................................... 130
76.3.3.3.3 Functions.................................................................................................................. 131
76.3.3.3.4 State diagrams.......................................................................................................... 131
76.3.3.4 BER monitor .................................................................................................................. 131
76.3.3.4.1 Variables .................................................................................................................. 132
76.3.3.4.2 Timers ...................................................................................................................... 133
76.3.3.4.3 Counters ................................................................................................................... 133
76.3.3.4.4 State diagrams.......................................................................................................... 133
76.3.3.5 Descrambler ................................................................................................................... 134
76.3.3.6 66B/64B Decode............................................................................................................ 134
76.3.3.7 Idle Insertion .................................................................................................................. 135
76.3.3.7.1 Constants.................................................................................................................. 135
76.3.3.7.2 Variables .................................................................................................................. 135
76.3.3.7.3 Functions.................................................................................................................. 136
76.3.3.7.4 Messages.................................................................................................................. 136
76.3.3.7.5 State diagrams.......................................................................................................... 136
76.4 10GBASE-PR and 10/1GBASE-PRX PMA ............................................................................. 136
76.4.1 Extensions for 10GBASE-PR-U and 10/1GBASE-PRX-U ................................................ 136
76.4.1.1 Physical Medium Attachment (PMA) sublayer interfaces ............................................ 136
76.4.1.2 Loop-timing specifications for ONUs ........................................................................... 138
76.4.2 Extensions for 10GBASE-PR-D and 10/1GBASE-PRX-D ................................................ 138
76.4.2.1 CDR lock timing measurement for the upstream direction ........................................... 138
76.4.2.1.1 Test specification .....................................................................................................
138
76.5 Prot
ocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma for Clause 76,
Reconciliation Sublayer, Physical Coding Sublayer, and Physical Media Attachment
for 10G-EPON ........................................................................................................................... 139
76.5.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 139
76.5.2 Identification........................................................................................................................ 139
76.5.2.1 Implementation identification........................................................................................ 139
Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved. xvii
76.5.2.2 Protocol summary .......................................................................................................... 140
76.5.3 Major capabilities/options ................................................................................................... 140
76.5.4 PICS proforma tables for Reconciliation Sublayer (RS), Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS),
and Physical Media Attachment (PMA) for point-to-multipoint media, types
10GBASE–PR and 10/1GBASE–PRX................................................................................ 140
76.5.4.1 Operating modes of OLT MACs ................................................................................... 140
76.5.4.2 ONU and OLT variables................................................................................................ 141
76.5.4.3 Preamble mapping and replacement .............................................................................. 141
76.5.4.4 Coding Rules ................................................................................................................. 141
76.5.4.5 Data detection ................................................................................................................ 142
76.5.4.6 Idle control character deletion ....................................................................................... 142
76.5.4.7 FEC requirements .......................................................................................................... 142
76.5.4.8 FEC state diagrams ........................................................................................................ 143
76.5.4.9 PCS Idle Insertion.......................................................................................................... 143
76.5.4.10 PMA............................................................................................................................... 143
76.5.4.11 Delay variation............................................................................................................... 143
Annex 76A (informative) FEC Encoding example ..................................................................................... 145
76A.1 Introduction and rationale.......................................................................................................... 145
76A.2 64B/66B block input.................................................................................................................. 145
76A.3 66 bit block input in binary format ............................................................................................ 147
76A.4 RS(255, 223) input buffer in Binary Format ............................................................................. 147
76A.5 RS(255, 223) input buffer.......................................................................................................... 148
76A.6 Parity symbol output.................................................................................................................. 149
76A.7 Parity symbols in binary format................................................................................................. 149
76A.8 64B/66B Parity Blocks for Transmit .........................................................................................150
76A.9 Parity 66 bit blocks in binary format ......................................................................................... 151
77. Multipoint MAC Control for 10G–EPON ............................................................................................. 153
77.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................... 153
77.1.1 Goals and objectives ............................................................................................................ 154
77.1.2 Position of Multipoint MAC Control within the IEEE 802.3 hierarchy.............................. 154
77.1.3 Functional block diagram .................................................................................................... 158
77.1.4 Service interfaces................................................................................................................. 159
77.1.5 State diagram conventions ................................................................................................... 159
77.2 Multipoint MAC Control operation........................................................................................... 159
77.2.1 Principles of Multipoint MAC Control................................................................................ 160
77.2.1.1 Ranging and timing process........................................................................................... 161
77.2.2 Multipoint transmission control, Control Parser, and Control Multiplexer......................... 162
77.2.2.1 Constants..............................................................................................................
.......... 164
77.2.2.2
Counters ..........
............................................................................................................... 165
77.2.2.3 Variables ........................................................................................................................ 165
77.2.2.4 Functions........................................................................................................................ 168
77.2.2.5 Timers ............................................................................................................................ 169
77.2.2.6 Messages........................................................................................................................ 169
77.2.2.7 State diagrams................................................................................................................ 169
77.3 Multipoint Control Protocol (MPCP) ........................................................................................ 175
77.3.1 Principles of Multipoint Control Protocol ........................................................................... 175
77.3.2 Compatibility considerations ............................................................................................... 175
77.3.2.1 PAUSE operation........................................................................................................... 175
77.3.2.2 Optional Shared LAN emulation ................................................................................... 176
77.3.2.3 Multicast and single copy broadcast support................................................................. 176
xviii Copyright © 2009 IEEE. All rights reserved.
77.3.2.4 Delay requirements ........................................................................................................ 176
77.3.3 Discovery processing........................................................................................................... 176
77.3.3.1 Constants........................................................................................................................ 180
77.3.3.2 Variables ........................................................................................................................ 180
77.3.3.3 Functions........................................................................................................................ 182
77.3.3.4 Timers ............................................................................................................................ 182
77.3.3.5 Messages........................................................................................................................ 182
77.3.3.6 State Diagrams............................................................................................................... 185
77.3.4 Report Processing ................................................................................................................ 190
77.3.4.1 Constants........................................................................................................................ 190
77.3.4.2 Variables ........................................................................................................................ 190
77.3.4.3 Functions........................................................................................................................ 191
77.3.4.4 Timers ............................................................................................................................ 191
77.3.4.5 Messages........................................................................................................................ 191
77.3.4.6 State diagrams................................................................................................................ 192
77.3.5 Gate Processing.................................................................................................................... 193
77.3.5.1 Constants........................................................................................................................ 194
77.3.5.2 Variables ........................................................................................................................ 195
77.3.5.3 Functions........................................................................................................................ 197
77.3.5.4 Timers ............................................................................................................................ 198
77.3.5.5 Messages........................................................................................................................ 198
77.3.5.6 State diagrams................................................................................................................ 199
77.3.6 MPCPDU structure and encoding........................................................................................ 202
77.3.6.1 GATE description .......................................................................................................... 203
77.3.6.2 REPORT description ..................................................................................................... 205
77.3.6.3 REGISTER_REQ description........................................................................................ 208
77.3.6.4 REGISTER description.................................................................................................. 209
77.3.6.5 REGISTER_ACK description ....................................................................................... 211
77.4 Discovery Process in dual-rate systems..................................................................................... 211
77.4.1 OLT speed-specific discovery ............................................................................................. 211
77.4.2 ONU speed-specific registration.......................................................................................... 212
77.5 Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma for Clause 77,
Multipoint MAC Control ........................................................................................................... 215
77.5.1 Introduction.......................................................................................................................... 215
77.5.2 Identification........................................................................................................................ 215
77.5.2.1 Implementation identification....................................................................................... 215
77.5.2.2 Protocol summary ......................................................................................................... 215
77.5.3 Major capabilities/options ................................................................................................... 216
77.5.4 PICS proforma tables for Multipoint MAC Control............................................................ 216
77.5.4.1 Compatibility considerations ......................................................................................... 216
77.5.4.2 Multipoint MAC Control ............................................................................................... 216
77.5.4.3 State diagrams................................................................................................................ 217
77.5.4.4 MPCP............................................................................................................................. 218
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