JavaFX 2.0入门指南：实战构建高性能图形应用

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《JavaFX 2.0入门指南：实例教程》是一本由Apress出版的专业书籍，专为开发者介绍JavaFX 2.0这一Java平台下一代图形用户界面（GUI）开发工具。本书旨在帮助读者快速构建功能丰富的跨平台应用，利用JavaFX全新的设计，它充分利用现代GPU的硬件加速图形处理能力，同时提供精心设计的编程接口，使开发者能够无缝融合图形、动画和用户界面控件。 JavaFX 2.0的核心架构策略包括对现有Java库的重用，以及在Java虚拟机（JVM）上运行的其他语言之间的通信桥接。这意味着开发者可以利用Java的强大基础，同时还能利用其他语言的优势来扩展其应用程序的功能和性能。本书以实例为导向，从基础概念开始讲解，逐步深入到JavaFX的图形设计、媒体处理和Web集成等关键领域。第1章“JavaFX Fundamentals”会介绍JavaFX的基本原理和开发环境设置，让读者对框架有初步了解。随后的章节分别涵盖了图形设计，如如何创建和操控视觉元素，实现复杂的界面布局；“Graphics with JavaFX”将指导读者使用JavaFX进行高性能图形渲染。 “MediawithJavaFX”章节则关注多媒体支持，如何集成音频、视频和流媒体技术，提升用户体验。对于互联网应用程序开发者来说，“JavaFX on the Web”一章尤为重要，它介绍了如何利用JavaFX将应用程序部署到Web环境中，实现响应式和交互式的网络应用。整本书以实践为主，通过丰富的代码示例和详尽的解释，帮助读者掌握JavaFX 2.0的开发技巧，并将其应用于实际项目中。无论是初学者还是经验丰富的开发者，都能从中受益，提升自己的JavaFX技能，推动图形界面应用的创新和发展。在阅读过程中，读者可以通过www.it-ebooks.info提供的Bookmarks and Contents链接轻松访问前言、致谢和其他附录资料，方便查阅和学习。

CHAPTER 1  JAVAFX FUNDAMENTALS

|projects

|helloworld

|HelloWorldMain.java

| helloworldmain

|HelloWorldMain.class

With the preceding directory structure in mind, the following commands will compile and run our

JavaFX Hello World application:

cd /projects/helloworld

javac –d . HelloWorldMain.java

java helloworldmain.HelloWorldMain

 Note There are many ways to package and deploy JavaFX applications. To learn more, please see “Learning

how to deploy and package JavaFX applications” at

http://blogs.oracle.com/thejavatutorials/entry/javafx_2_0_beta_packager. For in-depth JavaFX

deployment strategies, see Oracle’s “Deploying JavaFX Applications” at

http://download.oracle.com/javafx/2.0/deployment/deployment_toolkit.htm.

In both solutions you’ll notice in the source code that JavaFX applications extend the

javafx.application.Application class. The Application class provides application life cycle functions

such as launching and stopping during runtime. This also provides a mechanism for Java applications to

launch JavaFX GUI components in a threadsafe manner. Keep in mind that synonymous to Java Swing’s

event dispatch thread, JavaFX will have its own JavaFX application thread.

In our main() method’s entry point we launch the JavaFX application by simply passing in the

command line arguments to the Application.launch() method. Once the application is in a ready state,

the framework internals will invoke the start() method to begin. When the start() method is invoked,

a JavaFX javafx.stage.Stage object is available for the developer to use and manipulate.

You’ll notice that some objects are oddly named, such as Stage or Scene. The designers of the API

have modeled things similar to a theater or a play in which actors perform in front of an audience. With

this same analogy, in order to show a play, there are basically one-to-many scenes that actors perform

in. And, of course, all scenes are performed on a stage. In JavaFX the Stage is equivalent to an application

window similar to Java Swing API JFrame or JDialog. You may think of a Scene object as a content pane

capable of holding zero-to-many Node objects. A Node is a fundamental base class for all scene graph

nodes to be rendered. Commonly used nodes are UI controls and Shape objects. Similar to a tree data

structure, a scene graph will contain children nodes by using a container class Group. We’ll learn more

about the Group class later when we look at the ObservableList, but for now we can think of them as Java

Lists or Collections that are capable of holding Nodes.

Once the child nodes have been added, we set the primaryStage’s (Stage) scene and call the show()

method on the Stage object to show the JavaFX window.

One last thing: in this chapter most of the example applications will be structured the same as this

example in which recipe code solutions will reside inside the start() method. Having said this, most of

the recipes in this chapter will follow the same pattern. In other words, for the sake of brevity, much of

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何亚祥

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