ASHRAE IJHVAC 2006 Issue: HVAC&R Research Overview
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"ASHRAE IJHVAC 12-2.pdf" 是ASHRAE（美国采暖、通风、空调及制冷工程师学会）出版的一期国际期刊《HVAC&R Research》的第12卷第2期，发布于2006年4月。这本期刊由ASHRAE出版，专注于报道建筑环境的环境控制以及广泛应用中的冷却技术相关的原创性研究，具有持久价值。
ASHRAE是全球领先的建筑环境和可持续建筑技术的专业组织，它在暖通空调（HVAC）和制冷领域制定标准和技术指南，对工程师、设计师、研究人员和行业专业人士具有重要指导意义。该期刊作为ASHRAE的季度发行档案研究出版物，旨在深入探讨包括热力学、流体动力学和热传递在内的基础科学，以及它们在各种应用和相关过程中的概念。
在这一期中，读者可以期待获取以下领域的最新研究成果：
1. 环境控制：涉及建筑内部的气候调节，包括温度、湿度和空气质量的管理，以确保人体舒适和健康的工作或居住环境。
2. 通风技术：讨论如何有效地引入新鲜空气，排除室内污染物，同时保持能源效率。
3. 空调系统：涵盖各种空调系统的创新设计、性能评估和能效改进，包括变频技术、热泵系统和多联机等。
4. 制冷技术：涉及制冷设备和系统的开发，包括新型制冷剂、热力学循环优化和低温工程应用。
5. 热传递和流体动力学：深入研究这些基本物理原理如何影响暖通空调系统的设计和性能，如换热器设计、流体流动分析等。
6. 节能与可持续性：关注如何通过智能控制系统、可再生能源集成和绿色建筑材料来减少能源消耗和环境影响。
7. 性能模拟与测试：介绍用于预测和验证系统性能的计算机模拟工具，以及实际操作中的性能测试方法。
这期《HVAC&R Research》期刊的特色在于，其内容被收录在ISI Web of Science和Current Contents数据库中，这意味着它受到学术界和行业的广泛认可，所发表的研究成果对于推动暖通空调和制冷领域的科技进步具有重要意义。对于从事相关专业工作的个人，这是一份不可或缺的参考资料，可以帮助他们了解最新的研究动态，提升专业知识，并可能激发新的设计和创新思路。
VOLUME
12,
NUMBER
2,
APRIL
2006
209
Other Physiological
Tests
Objectively measured skin dryness was significantly higher at
15%
RH
than at
35%
RH
(P
<
0.003)
when pooling the data from both dean and polluted conditions.
No
other effects
of
low humidity could be
shown
in
terms
of
the physiological test results.
Performance
of
Office
Tasks
It
has
been
shown
above
that
very
little eye discomfort was experienced even when perfom-
ing tasks requiring concentration and continuous visual data acquisition-typing, reading, and
addition.
At
22°C
(71.6'F)
in
clean air, the performance of these tasks decreased significantly
with relative humidity (Figures 6-8). Typing speed, as measured in words typed per minute,
decreased progressively
from
35%
to
5%
RH
by
4%
(P
-=
0.0002,
parametric ANOVA); proof-
reading, as measured in lines read per minute, decreased progressively over the same range
by
7%
(P
<
0.03,
Wilcoxon test,
5%
vs.
35%
RH);
addition, as measured in units attempted per
minute, decreased by
9%
(P
<
0,00001, Friedman test). It may be seen in Figure
8
that the
decrease
in
the performance
of
the addition task occurred below
15%
RH
rather than progres-
sively.
No
effect
of
conditions on reading speed and Comprehension could be
shown.
In
order to
examine the possibility that
the
incompletely balanced design might have allowed learning from
first to last exposure
to
be the underlying cause
of
the observed differences between conditions,
the influence
of
order of presentation was examined, without regard
to
environmental condi-
tions. There were no significant effects
of
learning
on
typiiig speed or proofreading,
both
well-practiced
tasks,
but there was a significant effect
of
learning
on
the relatively unfamiliar
task
of
serial addition
(P
0.05).
This effect was removed by multiplying individual scores in
the addition task by
a
factor reflecting average group performance on each occasion (first, sec-
ond,
third,
and
fourth
exposure),
and
the effect
of
condition
was again
examined.
Performance
of
the addition task
was
still lower at
5%
RH
than at any
of
the higher levels of RH
(P
<
0.04, as
shown in Figure
9).
The
size
of
the effect
was
now
5%
instead of
9%.
It
is then clear that only
the driest condition
(5%
RH)
had
any negative effect
on
the
performance
of
the addition
task,
whereas
the
performance
of
the
typing
and
proofreading
tasks
appears
to have decreased
pro-
gressively as humidity decreased.
The only significant effects
of
temperature on performance at constant absolute humidity that
could be shown were a decrease in errors
in
the
paced
version of the addition
task
as temperature
increased
(P
O.Oi>
and
an
increase
in
reading speed
with temperature
(P
<
0.05).
Performance
was
better
in
both
cases under conditions in which the relative humidity was slightly lower. The
error rate in the addition task was significantly higher
(4.1%
vs.
3.2%)
at
18°C
(64.4"F),
in
com-
parison with
22°C
(7
1.6"F),
while reading speed was
7%
lower at
18T
(64.4'F) than at
26OC
(78.8'F).
It seems
likely
that these effects were due to the temperature rather than to the accom-
panying change in relative humidity.
DISCUSSION
Subjectively reported
symptoms
of
dry
discomfort increased
as
humidity levels
were
reduced
in
the
low
humidity range (below
35% RH),
although the level of discomfort indicated
on
visual-analogue scales was never more than mild even at
5%
RH.
However, clear evidence was
obtained that five hours
of
exposure to
15%
RH
or below is sufficient for the mucous layer
of
the tear
film
to
become measurably
more
dry
than at
25%
RH
or
above in clean air. This effect
of
low
humidity was exacerbated
in
polluted air by raising the air temperature slightly at con-
stant absolute humidity. There was an observed increase
in
blink rate at low humidity, and this ic
presumably one of the behavioral strategies that are adopted to reduce perceptibly negative
effects of
low
humidity
on
the tear film. Subjectively reported eye irritation increased signifi-
Copyright ASHRAE
Provided by IHS under license with ASHRAE
Licensee=Naval Aviation Depot/5918326100
Not for Resale, 01/19/2008 02:33:15 MST
No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS
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