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首页USB电力传输规范修订版3.1 V1.3更新对比分析
USB电力传输规范修订版3.1 V1.3更新对比分析
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更新于2024-06-27
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"USB_PD_R3_1 V1.3 2022-01" 是USB Power Delivery Specification的最新版本,相较于之前的V1.0版本,它进行了多处更新和改进,包括内容的3787个修改,其中包含976个替换、901个插入和901个删除。该规格书详细规定了USB PD 3.1的标准,旨在提升USB设备的供电能力和通信效率。
正文:
USB Power Delivery (USB PD) 是USB标准的一个重要组成部分,主要目标是提供更高的电力传输能力,以便支持各种功率需求更高的设备,如笔记本电脑、手机和平板电脑。USB PD 3.1是这一规范的第三版中的一个重要里程碑,版本号V1.3发布于2022年1月。
USB PD 3.1的核心改进之一是扩展了最大供电能力。在V1.3版本中,USB PD支持的最高电力输出可能已经超过了100瓦(W),这比早期版本的60W或45W有了显著提升。这样的增强使得USB端口不仅能为小型设备快速充电,还可以为更大型的设备如台式机和游戏设备提供足够的电源。
此外,USB PD 3.1可能引入了新的电力传输协议和电压/电流等级,以适应不同设备的需求,并确保更加灵活和安全的充电体验。这些协议改进可能包括更快的数据传输速率,以及对新型USB接口(如USB Type-C)的优化支持,使得数据和电力传输可以同时进行,而不会影响性能。
规范的更新也可能涉及到更严格的能效要求和安全标准,以保护用户和设备免受过热、短路等潜在风险。例如,可能会有更详尽的充电状态管理,以确保设备在充电过程中始终保持安全的工作温度。
USB PD 3.1的另一个关键变化可能是对USB生态系统内的互操作性的提升。这包括确保不同制造商的设备能够无缝配合,无论它们使用的是哪个版本的USB PD规范。为了实现这一点,规范可能包含更详尽的测试用例和一致性要求,以确保所有设备都能正确识别和响应USB PD的命令。
最后,V1.3版本可能还涉及了对专利申请和合规性评估的条款更新。根据摘要中的内容,USB PD规格的使用被授权用于评估产品是否符合规范,但可能有限制,例如不能用于提交或修改与规范相关的专利申请。
USB PD 3.1 V1.3是对USB供电规范的重要升级,旨在提升USB设备的供电能力、兼容性和安全性。对于开发者和制造商来说,理解这些变更至关重要,以确保他们的产品能符合最新的USB PD标准并为用户提供最佳体验。
USB Power Delivery Specification Revision 3.1, Version 1.3 Page 15
6.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................................................................ 121
6.2 Messages ................................................................................................................................................................................ 121
6.2.1 Message Construction.................................................................................................................................................. 121
6.2.1.1 Message Header ......................................................................................................................................................................... 122
6.2.1.1.1 Extended ................................................................................................................................................................................. 122
6.2.1.1.2 Number of Data Objects ................................................................................................................................................... 123
6.2.1.1.3 MessageID .............................................................................................................................................................................. 123
6.2.1.1.4 Port Power Role ................................................................................................................................................................... 123
6.2.1.1.5 Specification Revision ....................................................................................................................................................... 124
6.2.1.1.6 Port Data Role ....................................................................................................................................................................... 125
6.2.1.1.7 Cable Plug ............................................................................................................................................................................... 125
6.2.1.1.8 Message Type ....................................................................................................................................................................... 126
6.2.1.2 Extended Message Header .................................................................................................................................................... 126
6.2.1.2.1 Chunked .................................................................................................................................................................................. 126
6.2.1.2.2 Chunk Number ..................................................................................................................................................................... 127
6.2.1.2.3 Request Chunk ..................................................................................................................................................................... 127
6.2.1.2.4 Data Size .................................................................................................................................................................................. 127
6.2.1.2.5 Extended Message Examples ......................................................................................................................................... 127
6.3 Control Message .................................................................................................................................................................. 132
6.3.1 GoodCRC Message ......................................................................................................................................................... 133
6.3.2 GotoMin Message........................................................................................................................................................... 133
6.3.3 Accept Message .............................................................................................................................................................. 134
6.3.4 Reject Message ............................................................................................................................................................... 134
6.3.5 Ping Message ................................................................................................................................................................... 135
6.3.6 PS_RDY Message ............................................................................................................................................................ 135
6.3.7 Get_Source_Cap Message ............................................................................................................................................ 135
6.3.8 Get_Sink_Cap Message ................................................................................................................................................. 135
6.3.9 DR_Swap Message ......................................................................................................................................................... 135
6.3.10 PR_Swap Message ......................................................................................................................................................... 136
6.3.11 VCONN_Swap Message ................................................................................................................................................ 136
6.3.12 Wait Message .................................................................................................................................................................. 137
6.3.12.1 Wait in response to a Request Message .......................................................................................................................... 137
6.3.12.2 Wait in response to a PR_Swap Message ........................................................................................................................ 138
6.3.12.3 Wait in response to a DR_Swap Message ....................................................................................................................... 138
6.3.12.4 Wait in response to a VCONN_Swap Message .............................................................................................................. 138
Page 16 USB Power Delivery Specification Revision 3.1, Version 1.3
6.3.12.1 Wait in response to an Enter_USB Message .................................................................................................................. 138
6.3.13 Soft Reset Message ........................................................................................................................................................ 138
6.3.14 Data_Reset Message ..................................................................................................................................................... 139
6.3.15 Data_Reset_Complete Message ................................................................................................................................ 140
6.3.16 Not_Supported Message ............................................................................................................................................. 140
6.3.17 Get_Source_Cap_Extended Message ....................................................................................................................... 140
6.3.18 Get_Status Message ....................................................................................................................................................... 140
6.3.19 FR_Swap Message .......................................................................................................................................................... 140
6.3.20 Get_PPS_Status ................................................................................................................................................................ 141
6.3.21 Get_Country_Codes ....................................................................................................................................................... 141
6.3.22 Get_Sink_Cap_Extended Message ............................................................................................................................ 141
6.3.23 Get_Source_Info Message ........................................................................................................................................... 141
6.3.24 Get_Revision Message .................................................................................................................................................. 141
6.4 Data Message ........................................................................................................................................................................ 141
6.4.1 Capabilities Message .................................................................................................................................................... 142
6.4.1.1 Use of the Capabilities Message .......................................................................................................................................... 144
6.4.1.1.1 Use by Sources ..................................................................................................................................................................... 144
6.4.1.1.2 Use by Sinks ........................................................................................................................................................................... 144
6.4.1.1.3 Use by Dual-Role Power devices .................................................................................................................................. 144
6.4.1.2 Source_Capabilities Message ............................................................................................................................................... 144
6.4.1.2.1 Management of the Power Reserve ............................................................................................................................ 145
6.4.1.2.2 Fixed Supply Power Data Object .................................................................................................................................. 145
6.4.1.2.3 Variable Supply (non-Battery) Power Data Object .............................................................................................. 148
6.4.1.2.4 Battery Supply Power Data Object .............................................................................................................................. 148
6.4.1.2.5 Augmented Power Data Object (APDO) .................................................................................................................... 148
6.4.1.3 Sink Capabilities Message ..................................................................................................................................................... 150
6.4.1.3.1 Sink Fixed Supply Power Data Object ........................................................................................................................ 151
6.4.1.3.2 Variable Supply (non-Battery) Power Data Object .............................................................................................. 152
6.4.1.3.3 Battery Supply Power Data Object .............................................................................................................................. 152
6.4.1.3.4 Programmable Power Supply Augmented Power Data Object ...................................................................... 153
6.4.2 Request Message ........................................................................................................................................................... 154
6.4.2.1 Object Position ........................................................................................................................................................................... 156
6.4.2.2 GiveBack Flag .............................................................................................................................................................................. 156
6.4.2.3 Capability Mismatch ................................................................................................................................................................ 156
6.4.2.4 USB Communications Capable ............................................................................................................................................ 157
USB Power Delivery Specification Revision 3.1, Version 1.3 Page 17
6.4.2.5 No USB Suspend ........................................................................................................................................................................ 157
6.4.2.6 Unchunked Extended Messages Supported .................................................................................................................. 157
6.4.2.7 EPR Mode Capable .................................................................................................................................................................... 157
6.4.2.8 Operating Current .................................................................................................................................................................... 157
6.4.2.9 Maximum Operating Current .............................................................................................................................................. 158
6.4.2.10 Minimum Operating Current ............................................................................................................................................... 158
6.4.2.11 Operating Power ....................................................................................................................................................................... 158
6.4.2.12 Maximum Operating Power ................................................................................................................................................. 158
6.4.2.13 Minimum Operating Power .................................................................................................................................................. 159
6.4.2.14 Output Voltage ........................................................................................................................................................................... 159
6.4.3 BIST Message .................................................................................................................................................................. 159
6.4.3.1 BIST Carrier Mode .................................................................................................................................................................... 160
6.4.3.2 BIST Test Data ............................................................................................................................................................................ 160
6.4.3.3 BIST Shared Capacity Test Mode ....................................................................................................................................... 160
6.4.3.3.1 BIST Shared Test Mode Entry ....................................................................................................................................... 160
6.4.3.3.2 BIST Shared Test Mode Exit ........................................................................................................................................... 161
6.4.4 Vendor Defined Message ............................................................................................................................................ 161
6.4.4.1 Unstructured VDM ................................................................................................................................................................... 162
6.4.4.1.1 USB Vendor ID ...................................................................................................................................................................... 162
6.4.4.1.2 VDM Type ............................................................................................................................................................................... 163
6.4.4.2 Structured VDM ......................................................................................................................................................................... 163
6.4.4.2.1 SVID ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 164
6.4.4.2.2 VDM Type ............................................................................................................................................................................... 164
6.4.4.2.3 Structured VDM Version .................................................................................................................................................. 164
6.4.4.2.4 Object Position ..................................................................................................................................................................... 165
6.4.4.2.5 Command Type .................................................................................................................................................................... 165
6.4.4.2.6 Command................................................................................................................................................................................ 165
6.4.4.3 Use of Commands ..................................................................................................................................................................... 166
6.4.4.3.1 Discover Identity ................................................................................................................................................................. 167
6.4.4.3.2 Discover SVIDs ..................................................................................................................................................................... 181
6.4.4.3.3 Discover Modes .................................................................................................................................................................... 182
6.4.4.3.4 Enter Mode Command ...................................................................................................................................................... 183
6.4.4.3.5 Exit Mode Command ......................................................................................................................................................... 186
6.4.4.3.6 Attention ................................................................................................................................................................................. 187
6.4.4.4 Command Processes ................................................................................................................................................................ 187
6.4.4.4.1 Discovery Process ............................................................................................................................................................... 188
Page 18 USB Power Delivery Specification Revision 3.1, Version 1.3
6.4.4.4.2 Enter Vendor Mode / Exit Vendor Mode Processes ............................................................................................ 188
6.4.4.5 VDM Message Timing and Normal PD Messages ........................................................................................................ 189
6.4.5 Battery_Status Message .............................................................................................................................................. 190
6.4.5.1 Battery Present Capacity ....................................................................................................................................................... 190
6.4.5.2 Battery Info .................................................................................................................................................................................. 190
6.4.5.2.1 Invalid Battery Reference................................................................................................................................................ 191
6.4.5.2.2 Battery is Present ................................................................................................................................................................ 191
6.4.5.2.3 Battery Charging Status ................................................................................................................................................... 191
6.4.6 Alert Message .................................................................................................................................................................. 191
6.4.6.1 Type of Alert ................................................................................................................................................................................ 192
6.4.6.1.1 Battery Status Change ....................................................................................................................................................... 192
6.4.6.1.2 Over-Current Protection Event ..................................................................................................................................... 192
6.4.6.1.3 Over-Temperature Protection Event ......................................................................................................................... 192
6.4.6.1.4 Operating Condition Change .......................................................................................................................................... 192
6.4.6.1.5 Source Input Change Event ............................................................................................................................................ 192
6.4.6.1.6 Over-Voltage Protection Event ..................................................................................................................................... 192
6.4.6.1.7 Extended Alert Event ........................................................................................................................................................ 193
6.4.6.2 Fixed Batteries ........................................................................................................................................................................... 193
6.4.6.3 Hot Swappable Batteries ....................................................................................................................................................... 193
6.4.6.4 Extended Alert Event Types ................................................................................................................................................. 193
6.4.6.4.1 Power State Change ........................................................................................................................................................... 193
6.4.6.4.2 Power Button Press ........................................................................................................................................................... 193
6.4.6.4.3 Power Button Release ....................................................................................................................................................... 193
6.4.6.4.4 Controller initiated wake ................................................................................................................................................ 193
6.4.7 Get_Country_Info Message ......................................................................................................................................... 193
6.4.8 Enter_USB Message ...................................................................................................................................................... 194
6.4.8.1 USB Mode Field .......................................................................................................................................................................... 195
6.4.8.2 USB4 DRD Field ......................................................................................................................................................................... 195
6.4.8.3 USB3 DRD Field ......................................................................................................................................................................... 195
6.4.8.4 Cable Speed Field ...................................................................................................................................................................... 195
6.4.8.5 Cable Type Field ........................................................................................................................................................................ 195
6.4.8.6 Cable Current Field .................................................................................................................................................................. 195
6.4.8.7 PCIe Support Field .................................................................................................................................................................... 195
6.4.8.8 DP Support Field ....................................................................................................................................................................... 196
6.4.8.9 TBT Support Field .................................................................................................................................................................... 196
6.4.8.10 Host Present Field .................................................................................................................................................................... 196
USB Power Delivery Specification Revision 3.1, Version 1.3 Page 19
6.4.9 EPR_Request Message ................................................................................................................................................. 196
6.4.10 EPR_Mode Message ...................................................................................................................................................... 196
6.4.10.1 Process to enter EPR Mode .................................................................................................................................................. 197
6.4.10.2 Operation in EPR Mode .......................................................................................................................................................... 199
6.4.10.3 Exiting EPR Mode...................................................................................................................................................................... 200
6.4.10.3.1 Commanded Exit ............................................................................................................................................................... 200
6.4.10.3.2 Implicit Exit ......................................................................................................................................................................... 200
6.4.10.3.3 Exits due to errors ............................................................................................................................................................ 200
6.4.11 Source_Info Message .................................................................................................................................................... 200
6.4.11.1 Port Type Field ........................................................................................................................................................................... 201
6.4.11.2 Port Maximum PDP Field ...................................................................................................................................................... 201
6.4.11.3 Port Present PDP Field ........................................................................................................................................................... 201
6.4.11.4 Port Reported PDP Field ........................................................................................................................................................ 201
6.4.12 Revision Message .......................................................................................................................................................... 201
6.5 Extended Message .............................................................................................................................................................. 202
6.5.1 Source_Capabilities_Extended Message ............................................................................................................... 203
6.5.1.1 Vendor ID (VID) Field ............................................................................................................................................................. 206
6.5.1.2 Product ID (PID) Field ............................................................................................................................................................ 206
6.5.1.3 XID Field ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 206
6.5.1.4 Firmware Version Field ......................................................................................................................................................... 206
6.5.1.5 Hardware Version Field ......................................................................................................................................................... 206
6.5.1.6 Voltage Regulation Field ........................................................................................................................................................ 206
6.5.1.6.1 Load Step Slew Rate ........................................................................................................................................................... 206
6.5.1.6.2 Load Step Magnitude ......................................................................................................................................................... 206
6.5.1.7 Holdup Time Field .................................................................................................................................................................... 206
6.5.1.8 Compliance Field ....................................................................................................................................................................... 206
6.5.1.9 Touch Current Field ................................................................................................................................................................. 206
6.5.1.10 Peak Current Field .................................................................................................................................................................... 207
6.5.1.11 Touch Temp Field ..................................................................................................................................................................... 207
6.5.1.12 Source Inputs Field .................................................................................................................................................................. 207
6.5.1.13 Number of Batteries/Battery Slots Field ........................................................................................................................ 207
6.5.1.14 SPR Source PDP Rating Field ............................................................................................................................................... 207
6.5.1.15 EPR Source PDP Rating Field ............................................................................................................................................... 208
6.5.2 Status Message ............................................................................................................................................................... 208
6.5.2.1 SOP Status Message ................................................................................................................................................................. 208
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