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ARM架构运行时ABI:功能与规范
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更新于2024-07-17
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本文档是关于ARM架构的应用二进制接口(Application Binary Interface, ABI)的详细介绍,特别关注的是运行时ABI(Run-time ABI)。该文档由ARM Limited发布,自2003年至2012年多次更新,涵盖了ARM过程调用标准(APCS)、ARM ELF、ARM DWARF等多个子领域,适用于使用ARM-Thumb汇编语言、C和C++编写的程序。 首先,ARM ABI定义了不同编程语言在ARM处理器上的内存布局、函数调用约定、数据类型表示等关键细节,确保不同软件组件能够正确交互。运行时ABI特别关注那些在程序执行过程中起辅助作用的函数,它们可能涉及到系统服务调用、异常处理、库函数的接口等。这种ABI确保了程序在运行时能够稳定且高效地执行,同时保证了跨平台兼容性。 文档详细说明了如何获取最新版本,以及发现缺陷报告的方式。用户应通过ARM信息中心检查更新,并在遇到问题时向指定邮箱armdoteabiatarmdotcom提交报告。使用本规范时,用户需注意其是基于 royalty-free 有限许可协议的,具体条款在附录1.4(ARM合同参考LEC-ELA-00081V2.0)中有详细规定,用户在下载或使用前必须仔细阅读并接受这些条款。 该文档的重要性在于它为开发人员提供了一套明确的指导,使得他们能够在编写ARM架构应用时遵循一致的标准,减少潜在的兼容性和移植问题。无论是性能优化还是跨平台部署,理解和遵循ARM运行时ABI都是至关重要的一步。通过学习和应用这些规范,开发者可以确保他们的应用程序在各种ARM设备上表现出色,无论是在嵌入式系统、移动设备还是服务器平台上。
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Run-time ABI for the ARM architecture
ARM IHI 0043D
Copyright © 2003-2005, 2007-2009, 2012 ARM Limited. All rights reserved. Page 6 of 28
Term Meaning
VFP The ARM architecture’s Floating Point architecture and instruction set. In this ABI, this
abbreviation includes all floating point variants regardless of whether or not vector (V) mode
is supported.
1.4 Your licence to use this specification
IMPORTANT: THIS IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT (“LICENCE”) BETWEEN YOU (AN INDIVIDUAL OR SINGLE ENTITY WHO IS
RECEIVING THIS DOCUMENT DIRECTLY FROM ARM LIMITED) (“LICENSEE”) AND ARM LIMITED (“ARM”) FOR THE
SPECIFICATION DEFINED IMMEDIATELY BELOW. BY DOWNLOADING OR OTHERWISE USING IT, YOU AGREE TO BE
BOUND BY ALL OF THE TERMS OF THIS LICENCE. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THIS, DO NOT DOWNLOAD OR USE
THIS SPECIFICATION.
“Specification” means, and is limited to, the version of the specification for the Applications Binary Interface for the
ARM Architecture comprised in this document. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Specification” shall not include (i)
the implementation of other published specifications referenced in this Specification; (ii) any enabling technologies
that may be necessary to make or use any product or portion thereof that complies with this Specification, but are
not themselves expressly set forth in this Specification (e.g. compiler front ends, code generators, back ends,
libraries or other compiler, assembler or linker technologies; validation or debug software or hardware;
applications, operating system or driver software; RISC architecture; processor microarchitecture); (iii) maskworks
and physical layouts of integrated circuit designs; or (iv) RTL or other high level representations of integrated
circuit designs.
Use, copying or disclosure by the US Government is subject to the restrictions set out in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of
the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 or subparagraphs (c)(1) and
(2) of the Commercial Computer Software – Restricted Rights at 48 C.F.R. 52.227-19, as applicable.
This Specification is owned by ARM or its licensors and is protected by copyright laws and international copyright
treaties as well as other intellectual property laws and treaties. The Specification is licensed not sold.
1. Subject to the provisions of Clauses 2 and 3, ARM hereby grants to LICENSEE, under any intellectual
property that is (i) owned or freely licensable by ARM without payment to unaffiliated third parties and (ii)
either embodied in the Specification or Necessary to copy or implement an applications binary interface
compliant with this Specification, a perpetual, non-exclusive, non-transferable, fully paid, worldwide limited
licence (without the right to sublicense) to use and copy this Specification solely for the purpose of
developing, having developed, manufacturing, having manufactured, offering to sell, selling, supplying or
otherwise distributing products which comply with the Specification.
2.
THIS SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITH NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY OF SATISFACTORY QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY,
NONINFRINGEMENT OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE SPECIFICATION MAY INCLUDE
ERRORS. ARM RESERVES THE RIGHT TO INCORPORATE MODIFICATIONS TO THE SPECIFICATION IN
LATER REVISIONS OF IT, AND TO MAKE IMPROVEMENTS OR CHANGES IN THE SPECIFICATION OR THE
PRODUCTS OR TECHNOLOGIES DESCRIBED THEREIN AT ANY TIME.
3. This Licence shall immediately terminate and shall be unavailable to LICENSEE if LICENSEE or any party
affiliated to LICENSEE asserts any patents against ARM, ARM affiliates, third parties who have a valid
licence from ARM for the Specification, or any customers or distributors of any of them based upon a
claim that a LICENSEE (or LICENSEE affiliate) patent is Necessary to implement the Specification. In this
Licence; (i) “affiliate” means any entity controlling, controlled by or under common control with a party (in
fact or in law, via voting securities, management control or otherwise) and “affiliated” shall be construed
accordingly; (ii) “assert” means to allege infringement in legal or administrative proceedings, or
proceedings before any other competent trade, arbitral or international authority; (iii) “Necessary” means
with respect to any claims of any patent, those claims which, without the appropriate permission of the
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